scholarly journals Ancient lineages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi provide little plant benefit

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Säle ◽  
Javier Palenzuela ◽  
Concepción Azcón-Aguilar ◽  
Iván Sánchez-Castro ◽  
Gladstone Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlmost all land plants form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Individual plants usually are colonized by a wide range of phylogenetically diverse AMF species. The impact that different AMF taxa have on plant growth is only partly understood. We screened 44 AMF isolates for their effect on growth promotion and nutrient uptake of leek plants (Allium porrum), including isolates that have not been tested previously. In particular, we aimed to test weather AMF lineages with an ancient evolutionary age differ from relatively recent lineages in their effects on leek plants. The AMF isolates that were tested covered 18 species from all five AMF orders, eight families, and 13 genera. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. A soil–sand mixture was used as substrate for the leek plants. Plant growth response to inoculation with AMF varied from − 19 to 232% and depended on isolate, species, and family identity. Species from the ancient families Archaeosporaceae and Paraglomeraceae tended to be less beneficial, in terms of stimulation plant growth and nutrient uptake, than species of Glomeraceae, Entrophosporaceae, and Diversisporaceae, which are considered phylogenetically more recent than those ancient families. Root colonization levels also depended on AMF family. This study indicates that plant benefit in the symbiosis between plants and AMF is linked to fungal identity and phylogeny and it shows that there are large differences in effectiveness of different AMF.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Approach on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Efficiency on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts of higher plants which increase the growth and nutrient uptake of host plants. The primary objective was initiated based on analyzing the enormity of optimal effects upon AMF inoculation in a comparative bias between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants stipulated on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Consequently, in accomplishing the above-mentioned objective a vast literature was collected, analyzed, and evaluated to establish a weighted meta-analysis irrespective of AMF species, plant species, family and functional group, and experimental conditions in the context of beneficial effects of AMF. I found a significant increase in the shoot, root, and total biomass by 36.3%, 28.5%, and, 29.7%, respectively. Moreover, mycorrhizal plants significantly increased phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium uptake by 36.3%, 22.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Affirmatively upon cross-verification studies, plant growth parameters intensification was accredited to AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus followed by Funniliforme mosseae), plants (Triticum aestivum followed by Solanum lycopersicum), and plant functional groups (dicot, herbs, and perennial) were the additional vital important significant predictor variables of plant growth responses. Therefore, the meta-analysis concluded that the emancipated prominent root characteristics, increased morphological traits that eventually help the host plants for efficient phosphorus uptake, thereby enhancing plant biomass. The present analysis can be rationalized for any plant stress and assessment of any microbial agent that contributes to plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals Detection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Roots of Strawberry Plants Fertilized with Organic Bioproducts

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lisek ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
The Impact

Summary In organic farming, mineral fertilizers are replaced by various preparations to stimulate plant growth and development. Introduction of new biopreparations into horticultural production requires an assessment of their effects on the growth and yielding of plants. Among the important indicators of the impact on plants of beneficial microorganisms contained in bioproducts is determination of their effectiveness in stimulating the growth and yielding of plants. Moreover, confirmation of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the roots and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere is also necessary. In addition to conventional methods, molecular biology techniques are increasingly used to allow detection and identification of AM fungi in plant roots. The aim of this study was identification and initial taxonomic classification of AM fungi in the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants fertilized with various biopreparations using the technique of nested PCR. Tests were performed on DNA obtained from the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants: not fertilized, treated with 10 different biopreparations, or fertilized with NPK. Amplification of the large subunit of ribosomal gene (LSU rDNA) was carried out using universal primers, and then, in the nested PCR reaction, primers specific for the fungi of the genera Glomus, Acaulospora, and Scutellospora were used. Colonization of strawberry roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was determined on the basis of the presence of DNA fragments of a size corresponding to the types of the fungi tested for. As a result of the analyses, the most reaction products characterizing AM fungi were found in the roots of plants treated with the preparation Florovit Eko. The least fragments characteristic of AM fungi were detected in the roots of plants fertilized with NPK, which confirms the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on the occurrence of mycorrhizal fungi in the roots of strawberry plants. The roots of plants fertilized with Tytanit differed from the control plants by the presence of one of the clusters of fungi of the genus Glomus and by the absence of a cluster of fungi of the genus Scutellospora. In the roots of plants treated with other biopreparations there were reaction products indicating the presence of fungi of the genera Glomus, Scutellospora and Acaulospora, like in the roots of the control plants. The results will be used to assess the suitability of microbiologically enriched biopreparations in horticultural production.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Synergistic Interactions to Counteract the Negative Effects of Saline Soil on Agriculture: Key Macromolecules and Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1491
Author(s):  
Alka Sagar ◽  
Parikshita Rathore ◽  
Pramod W. Ramteke ◽  
Wusirika Ramakrishna ◽  
Munagala S. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Soil saltiness is a noteworthy issue as it results in loss of profitability and development of agrarian harvests and decline in soil health. Microorganisms associated with plants contribute to their growth promotion and salinity tolerance by employing a multitude of macromolecules and pathways. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have an immediate impact on improving profitability based on higher crop yield. Some PGPR produce 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) deaminase (EC 4.1.99.4), which controls ethylene production by diverting ACC into α-ketobutyrate and ammonia. ACC deaminase enhances germination rate and growth parameters of root and shoot in different harvests with and without salt stress. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) show a symbiotic relationship with plants, which helps in efficient uptake of mineral nutrients and water by the plants and also provide protection to the plants against pathogens and various abiotic stresses. The dual inoculation of PGPR and AMF enhances nutrient uptake and productivity of several crops compared to a single inoculation in both normal and stressed environments. Positively interacting PGPR + AMF combination is an efficient and cost-effective recipe for improving plant tolerance against salinity stress, which can be an extremely useful approach for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Efeect of AM fungi with additonal phosphate fertilazation on growth and nutrient uptake in Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass.var, RCR-18

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
KP Gabriel ◽  
HC Lakshman ◽  
Tanzima Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Guizotia Abyssinica ◽  
Nutrients Uptake

Context: Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal fungi colonization in roots of many plants promotes the increased nutrient uptake especially the phosphorus from phosphorus deficient soil.Objective: To compare the efficacy of different concentration of recommended dosages of super phosphate fertilizers with inoculation of AM fungi to evaluate growth, nutrients uptake on Niger plant (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass. var, RCR-18).Materials and Methods: The effect of two Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Scutellospora nigra and Glomus mosseae with 4 different dosage (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% ) of superphosphate (P2O5) was treated on growth yield and nutrient uptake in Niger plant (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass. var, RCR-18) was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Pots were watered they were harvested once in 30 days intervals. For 90 days the following readings viz., plant height, root length, biomass, grains yield, percent root colonization, spore number macro-micro nutrients contents in shoots and roots were determined.Results: Scutellospora nigra with 50% RDSP/kg showed a significant increase in the plant growth biomass of shoot and root of Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass. var, RCR-18. Percent root colonization, seed number and N, P, K and Zn, Mg uptake in shoot and root.Conclusion: Overall, our results clearly suggest that synergistic and additive mechanisms involved can enhances the plant growth, nutrient uptake and adaptation to unfavorable drought soil conditions.J. bio-sci. 22: 45-51, 2014

scholarly journals Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis modulates the relationship between root growth and nutrient content in maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rosario Ramírez-Flores ◽  
Elohim Bello-Bello ◽  
Rubén Rellán-Álvarez ◽  
Ruairidh J. H. Sawers ◽  
Víctor Olalde-Portugal
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPlant root systems play an essential role in nutrient and water acquisition. In resource-limited soils, modification of root system architecture is an important strategy to optimize plant performance. Most terrestrial plants also form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to maximize nutrient uptake. In addition to direct delivery of nutrients, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi benefit the plant host by promoting root growth. Here, we aimed to quantify the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on root growth and nutrient uptake in maize. Inoculated plants showed an increase in both biomass and the total content of twenty quantified elements. In addition, image analysis showed mycorrhizal plants to have denser, more branched root systems. For most of the quantified elements, the increase in content in mycorrhizal plants was proportional to root and overall plant growth. However, the increase in boron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur and strontium was greater than predicted by root system size alone, indicating fungal delivery to be supplementing root uptake.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Benefits and Period of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Plant Growth Regulation and the Level of Fertilizer Influential Tomato Development (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Ouattara Brahima ◽  
Abo Kouabenan ◽  
Tuo Seydou ◽  
Silue Nakpalo ◽  
Kone N’golo Abdoulaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Root Collar

Data on tomato fitness improvement by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) remain patchy. The present study was initiated to evaluate the effect of the period of AMF inoculation as well as the level of mineral manure on tomato growth. The experiment took place from June to October 2016, in the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use greenhouse. AMF inocula were applied to seeds and/or transplants, each receiving three different levels of chemical fertilizer. The impact of the inoculation period and the level of fertilization, were assessed on plant growth parameters, including height, number of functional leaves, root-collar diameter, and root length. Observation of hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles was carried out by roots staining method and anabled the determination of mycorrhization parameters. Plants Mycorrhizal dependence was assessed with their fresh and dry mass. An analysis of variance and post ANOVA analysis was performed using the Newman-Keuls test (P= .05) for the comparison of means. The findings pointed that, when transplanting, the difference between mycorrhized plants and non-mycorrhized ones was very highly significant in terms of the height of the stem (P= .00), the length of the taproot, and the root collar diameter. The lower the level of manure was, the higher the frequency of infection has been (73.33% for MS1 and MSR1; 76.67% for MR1).Transplants growing without a supply of mineral manure expressed greater mycorrhizal dependence (66% for MSR1). Arbuscular mycorrhization of the tomato is profitable for its optimal development. The endomycorrhization of tomato can be done during sowing or transplanting with the same benefits but, with a low level of fertilizer. So, it’s necessary to controll the intake of mineral manure because it influences the natural mycorrhization of plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document