Bayesian approach to daily rainfall modelling to estimate monthly net infiltration using the Thornthwaite water budget and Curve Number methods

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number

scholarly journals Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Using the HEC-HMS Model for the Al-Adhaim River Catchment, Northern Iraq

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan ◽  
Suhad Almuktar ◽  
Miklas Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Time Step ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Northern Iraq

It has become necessary to estimate the quantities of runoff by knowing the amount of rainfall to calculate the required quantities of water storage in reservoirs and to determine the likelihood of flooding. The present study deals with the development of a hydrological model named Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC-HMS), which uses Digital Elevation Models (DEM). This hydrological model was used by means of the Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling Extension (HEC-GeoHMS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to identify the discharge of the Al-Adhaim River catchment and embankment dam in Iraq by simulated rainfall-runoff processes. The meteorological models were developed within the HEC-HMS from the recorded daily rainfall data for the hydrological years 2015 to 2018. The control specifications were defined for the specified period and one day time step. The Soil Conservation Service-Curve number (SCS-CN), SCS Unit Hydrograph and Muskingum methods were used for loss, transformation and routing calculations, respectively. The model was simulated for two years for calibration and one year for verification of the daily rainfall values. The results showed that both observed and simulated hydrographs were highly correlated. The model’s performance was evaluated by using a coefficient of determination of 90% for calibration and verification. The dam’s discharge for the considered period was successfully simulated but slightly overestimated. The results indicated that the model is suitable for hydrological simulations in the Al-Adhaim river catchment.

scholarly journals Improved Curve Number Estimation in SWAT by Reflecting the Effect of Rainfall Intensity on Runoff Generation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejian Zhang ◽  
Qiaoyin Lin ◽  
Xingwei Chen ◽  
Tian Chai
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
The Relationship

Determining the amount of rainfall that will eventually become runoff and its pathway is a crucial process in hydrological modelling. We proposed a method to better estimate curve number by adding an additional component (AC) to better account for the effects of daily rainfall intensity on rainfall-runoff generation. This AC is determined by a regression equation developed from the relationship between the AC series derived from fine-tuned calibration processes and observed rainfall series. When incorporated into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool and tested in the Anxi Watershed, it is found, overall, the modified SWAT (SWAT-ICN) outperformed the original SWAT (SWAT-CN) in terms of stream flow, base flow, and annual extreme flow simulation. These models were further evaluated with the data sets of two adjacent watersheds. Similar results were achieved, indicating the ability of the proposed method to better estimate curve number.

scholarly journals Runoff Estimation of Watershed in Hemavathy Basin using GIS based SCS-CN Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Balakrishna ◽  
H. B. Balakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Daily Rainfall Data ◽  
Dam Site ◽  
Hydrologic Variable ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Scs Cn

Estimation and quantification of catchment surface runoff an important hydrologic variable used in most of the water resources applications watershed development and management problems. In this study, rainfall-runoff relationship of Hemavathy river basin is determined using Soil Conservation Services-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method for runoff estimation for ungauged watersheds. The important parameters considered include land use/land cover, soil, vegetation, drainage, precipitation, contour, slope, daily rainfall data. From the 11year daily rainfall data daily runoff was estimated using SCS CN equation considering antecedent moisture conditions. Daily runoff depth in the watershed was then computed using SCS-CN equation was later converted to runoff volume. It was observed in runoff potential of the watershed about 41% of area having high CN value interprets in more runoff. The runoff thus calculated was compared with gauged flow at dam site observed that regression coefficient is almost same for both estimated and observed data and an increase of about 15% in inflow data as per project authorities in the catchment which may be due to regenerated water from irrigation and presences of perennial streams in the catchment even during non-monsoon months there is inflow observed.

scholarly journals A GIS Based Methodology to Obtain the Hydrological Response to Storm Events of Small Coastal Basins, Prone to Flash Flooding

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
V. A. Kotinas
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Flash Flooding ◽  
Concentration Maximum ◽  
Coastal Basins

The present study aims to investigate the hydrological response of small coastal watersheds to storm events. Areas around the Mediterranean Sea are usually characterized by streams with intermittent flows and flash floods are common. Firstly, we analyze the geomorphological, soil and land cover characteristics of the watershed in order to estimate their effect on surface runoff. Furthermore, the rainfall characteristics of an extreme event that caused flash flooding in the past are analyzed. By combining these factors, we are able to predict the response of this basin to severe storm events. The study area is located in the island of Samos, in Eastern Greece, where flash flood events are usual and pose a risk to areas located around rivers. In this area runoff is intermittent, occurring mainly during storm events and there is a lack of discharge or other instrumental measurements. By applying the SCS-CN method we estimate the response of two of the largest watersheds in Samos Island, through the construction of a Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH). Firstly, we examined the record of historic floods in the area, selecting a large flash flood event (November 2001) and then obtained the daily rainfall data, which are used by the SCS method for the calculations. We applied the SCS methodology in order to estimate various parameters (e.g. lag time, time of concentration, maximum discharge), which also required the calculation of the Curve Number (CN) for each watershed. During this event (136 mm rainfall), we calculated a direct runoff (excess rainfall) of 44%-48% for these watersheds. This methodology can be particularly useful in simulating the hydrological response of small Mediterranean watersheds and to introduce better strategies for the management of the whole drainage basin.

scholarly journals Computation of Runoff by SCS-CN Method from micro watersheds of Urmodi basin in Maharashtra state using RS and GIS

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Nandgude ◽  
◽  
G.S. Jadhav ◽  
S.S. Shinde ◽  
D.M. Mahale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Daily Rainfall Data

Flood is a natural or manmade phenomenon and timely and accurate forecasting of flood is very important. However forecasting of flood is a difficult task due to influence of rainfall-runoff process which depends on various factors. Estimation of surface runoff in a watershed is based on the rate of precipitation and discharge at the outlet. In this study, runoff from micro watersheds of Urmodi basin in Maharashtra state was computed by Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number method using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Various thematic maps such as soil map, land use/land cover, stream order, slope etc. were prepared using remote sensing and GIS. Daily rainfall data was used for determining runoff. Antecedent moisture conditions were determined from daily rainfall data and for different CNs with the help of combined land use land cover and hydrologic soil group map in GIS environment. Results showed that the highest runoff for Bharatgaon and Nagthane micro watersheds was 46.20 mm and 54 mm respectively. Total runoff depth for the year 2014 was computed as 215.05 mm for Bharatgaon micro watershed and 277.68 mm for Nagthane micro watershed. Different soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting structures were recommended to control soil erosion and to harness the surface runoff.

scholarly journals Estimation of daily runoff coefficient of the pervious surfaces for the climate conditions of the city of Lviv

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zhuk ◽  
◽  
Lesya Vovk ◽  
Pavlo Mysak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

The method of calculation of daily runoff coefficients based on the SCS USDA curve number method is presented in this paper. The calculated values ​​of daily runoff coefficients for climatic and geological conditions of the city of Lviv for maximum daily rainfall events with a return period of 0.1 – 5 years are obtained.

scholarly journals GIS-based Approach to Estimate Surface Runoff in Small Catchments: A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Vojtek ◽  
Jana Vojteková
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Runoff Modeling ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Surface Runoff Modeling ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract The issue of surface runoff assessment is one of the important and relevant topics of hydrological as well as geographical research. The aim of the paper is therefore to estimate and assess surface runoff on the example of Vyčoma catchment which is located in the Western Slovakia. For this purpose, SCS runoff curve number method, modeling in GIS and remote sensing were used. An important task was the creation of a digital elevation model (DEM), which enters the surface runoff modeling and affects its accuracy. Great attention was paid to the spatial interpretation of land use categories applying aerial imagery from 2013 and hydrological soil groups as well as calculation of maximum daily rainfall with N-year return periods as partial tasks in estimating surface runoff. From the methodological point of view, the importance of the paper can be seen in the use of a simple GIS-based approach to assess the surface runoff conditions in a small catchment.

HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING OF UNGAUGED ARID VOLCANIC ENVIRONMENTS AT UPPER BATHAN CATCHMENT, MADINAH, SAUDI ARABIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alahmadi ◽  
Norhan Abd Rahman ◽  
Zulkifli Yusop
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Rainfall Depth

Hydrological modelling of ungauged catchments is still a challenging task especially in arid regions with a unique land cover features such as highly fracture volcanic basalt rocks. In this study, upper Bathan catchment (103 km2) in Madinah, western of Saudi Arabia is selected. The aim of this paper is to simulate the hydrological responses of volcanic catchment to daily design storm events. The weighted areal average of two daily design rainfall depth scenarios are computed, which are 50 years and 100 years return period and correspondent predicted rainfall are 80.6 mm and 94.1 mm, respectively. SCS Type II temporal synthetic distribution of daily rainfall is selected to disaggregate the daily rainfall into smaller time interval. Excess rainfall is computed using Soil Conservation Services Curve Number (SCS-CN) method based on Land Cover and Land Use (LCLU) and hydrological soil groups (HSG) maps, while direct runoff hydrograph is developed using Soil Conservation Services dimensionless unit hydrograph (SCS-UH) method using lag time equation. HEC-HMS software is used, and it showed that the runoff volumes of the two rainfall scenarios are 50% and 54% of the total rainfall depth, and the peak discharges are 123 m3/sec and 158 m3/sec. This study provided an indication of the hydrograph characteristics of basaltic catchments and the result of this paper can be used for further flood studies in arid ungauged volcanic catchments.  

scholarly journals PEMODELAN HIDROLOGI DENGAN HEC-HMS DI SUB-DAS KARANGMUMUS SAMARINDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Rachmad Mulyadi ◽  
Yohanes Budi Sulistioadi ◽  
Ali Suhardiman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rating Curve ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Level Data ◽  
Number Percentage

Hydrological Modeling with HEC-HMS in the Karangmumus Sub-watershed Samarinda. The HEC-HMS is used to develop a model of water flow in the Karangmumus which can be used as an alternative for flooding problem. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of flow discharge generated from rainfall that enters the Karangmumus using the HEC-HMS and to determine the effect of rain parameters on the HEC-HMS to make an hydrological model simulation.For simulation using daily rainfall and water level data, curve number, percentage of watertight, amount of initial absorption and the time needed to reach the peak discharge in the sub-watersheds obtained from the river model created. The highest rainfall Karangmumus Sub-watershed that is 84,4 mm produces a discharge of 211 m3/sec and at the lowest rainfall of 1,05 mm produces a discharge of 3,4 m3/sec. Hydrological modeling of the simulation results has the same hydrograph with the rainfall data but not the discharge data calculated with the rating curve. The validation of observing the debit data of the efficiency value (NSE) <0,36 which means that the data used are not satisfactory or invalid.

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