scholarly journals Altered body composition and increased visceral adipose tissue in premenopausal and late postmenopausal patients with SLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 3117-3127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Li ◽  
Jingjie Shang ◽  
Shan Zeng ◽  
Huixia Wu ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Midregional Proadrenomedullin Can Reflect the Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue—A Key to Explaining the Obesity Paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhide Koyama ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Ritei Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) reflected body composition, such as body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), VAT/SAT ratio, body fat mass (BFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Methods: A total of 2244 individuals (727 men and 1517 women) were included in the study. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the combined influence of variables: age, daily alcohol consumption, Brinkman index, sleeping time, metabolic equivalents, anamnesis for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and body composition of MR-proADM, by using a stepwise forward selection method. Results: MR-proADM was significantly related to all anthropometric indices (BMI, VAT, SAT, VAT/SAT ratio, BFM, and SMM) in men and women. On the basis of a stepwise forward selection method, VAT (men: beta = 0.184, p < 0.001, women: beta = 0.203, p < 0.001) and BFM (beta = 0.181, p < 0.001) in women, were found to be significantly associated with MR-proADM. Conclusion: This study suggests that plasma MR-proADM concentration is a more reliable indicator of VAT for fat distribution, and thus, MR-proADM may help better understand the obesity paradox. Changes in circulating levels of MR-proADM could possibly reflect changes in body composition, endocrine, and metabolic milieu.

scholarly journals Limited Effects of Endurance or Interval Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue and Systemic Inflammation in Sedentary Middle-Aged Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua H. F. Cooper ◽  
Blake E. G. Collins ◽  
David R. Adams ◽  
Robert A. Robergs ◽  
Cheyne E. Donges
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Purpose. Limited data exists for the effects of sprint-interval training (SIT) and endurance training (ET) on total body composition, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, and plasma inflammation. Moreover, whether “active” or “passive” recovery in SIT provides a differential effect on these measures remains uncertain.Methods. Sedentary middle-aged men (n=62;49.5±5.8 y;29.7±3.7 kg·m2) underwent abdominal computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, venepuncture, and exercise testing before and after the interventions, which included the following: 12 wks 3 d·wk−1 ET (n=15; 50–60 min cycling; 80% HRmax), SIT (4–10 × 30 s sprint efforts) with passive (P-SIT;n=15) or active recovery (A-SIT;n=15); or nonexercise control condition (CON;n=14). Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, whole-body and visceral fat mass, and plasma systemic inflammation were examined.Results. Compared to CON, significant increases in interpolated power output (P-SIT,P<0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.041) and test duration (P-SIT,P=0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.046) occurred after training. Final VO2consumption was increased after P-SIT only (P<0.001). Despite >90% exercise compliance, there was no change in whole-body or visceral fat mass or plasma inflammation (P>0.05).Conclusion. In sedentary middle-aged men, SIT was a time-effective alternative to ET in facilitating conditioning responses yet was ineffective in altering body composition and plasma inflammation, and compared to passive recovery, evidenced diminished conditioning responses when employing active recovery.

Changes In Body Composition And Visceral Adipose Tissue In Severely Obese Patients Following Metabolic Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 627-628
Author(s):  
Tamara E. Carver ◽  
Robert Bracewell ◽  
Olivier Babineau ◽  
Olivier Court ◽  
Ross E. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary Residential Program for the Treatment of Obesity: How Body Composition Assessed by DXA and Blood Chemistry Parameters Change During Hospitalization and Which Variations in Body Composition Occur from Discharge Up to One Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Gasparri ◽  
Simone Perna ◽  
Gabriella Peroni ◽  
Antonella Riva ◽  
Giovanna Petrangolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Residential Program ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Adherence To Diet ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Purpose Since obesity is a pathology characterized by a complex variable clinical presentation with comorbidities, multidisciplinary residential program (MRP) represents one of the best options for treating obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 8-weeks MRP on weight loss, body composition assessed by DXA and metabolic blood parameters between entry (T0) and discharge (T1). The secondary endpoint was the evaluation of the patients' adherence to diet during the check-up outpatient visits, at 2 (T2), 6 (T3) and 12 (T4) months after discharge. Methods One hundred and seventy-eight subjects were enrolled (61 males and 117 females, aged 58.5±13, BMI 41.3±6). The difference in values ​​(end of hospitalization compared to baseline) was calculated through the univariate GLM procedure, which provides regression analysis and analysis of variance for a variable dependent on one or more variables. Results There was a statistically significant (p<0.001) improvement of all parameters investigated: total mass (-5.68 kg), fat free mass (-1236.03 g), fat mass (-4416.85 g), fat mass index (-1724.56), visceral adipose tissue (-332.76 g), arm circumference (-1.63 cm) and calf circumference (-1.16 cm). The skeletal muscle index was not affected. Statistically significant improvement in glycaemic and lipid profile were reported. The BMI average reduction continued from discharge until T4. No statistically significant changes in fat free mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were reported during a year of follow-up. Conclusion The present study demonstrated the clinical benefits of 8-weeks MRP, which includes hypocaloric diet, physical exercise, and psychological support.

scholarly journals SUN-355 Associations of Trabecular Bone Score and Bone Mineral Density with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Men with and Without Paraplegia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Usuga ◽  
David W McMillan ◽  
Kevin A Jacobs ◽  
Mark S Nash ◽  
Rodrigo J Valderrabano
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Introduction: Following spinal cord injury (SCI) lower extremity bone mineral density (BMD) losses are as high as 40% due to mechanical unloading and autonomic dysfunction. While lumbar spine (LS) BMD appears to be relatively spared, evidence suggests BMD by dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry (DXA) may overlook bone pathology in this region. Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), representative of bone microarchitecture, may be a more informative measurement of LS pathology in SCI. Our objective was to determine differences in BMD and TBS within the LS in humans with and without SCI. Correlation of fitness and body composition measures with TBS and BMD were also explored to determine their role in bone health after SCI. Methods: Seven male participants with paraplegia (level T3 – T7) were recruited through The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, and 6 males without SCI were recruited from local advertisement. DXA scans of the lumbar spine and whole body were performed using Hologic Discovery A densitometer. TBS score (unitless) was derived from L1-L4 scans using TBS iNsight software v3.0.2. A graded arm exercise test directly measured cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) for all subjects. An independent samples t-test determined between-group differences in LS BMD and TBS. Pearson correlation analysis investigated within-group relations among LS BMD, TBS and VO2peak (ml/kg/min), weight (kg), total body fat (%), and visceral adipose tissue (estimated VAT mass(g)). Results: In SCI, the mean duration of injury was 8.6 years. Mean LS BMD was not different (p=.47) between non-injured (1.10 ±0.11 g/cm2) and SCI (1.10 ±0.13 g/cm2) groups. However, mean TBS score was different (p=.053) between non-injured (1.55±0.09) and SCI (1.47±0.07) groups. In non-injured, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.356) and TBS (r=.244). In SCI, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.111) and TBS (r=.822). In non-injured, TBS was correlated with body mass (r=.244), total body fat (%) (r=.382), and visceral adipose tissue (r=.361). In SCI, negative correlations were observed; TBS was correlated with body mass (r= -.255), total body fat (%) (r= -.474), and visceral adipose tissue (r= -.513). LS BMD was positively correlated with body mass, total body fat (%) and visceral adipose tissue in both non-injured and SCI groups. Conclusion: Men with and without SCI displayed similar BMD but differed in TBS at the LS. Correlations with measures of fitness and body composition were similar for LS BMD but discordant for TBS between non-injured and SCI groups. The data suggest changes in the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolism and bone quality in SCI. TBS may capture alterations in bone microarchitecture at the spine after SCI that are undetected by conventional DXA.

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