scholarly journals Stroke incidence and case fatality: a 9-year prospective population-based study in an elderly population of Bagheria, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Arnao ◽  
Giuseppe Salemi ◽  
Salvatore Scondotto ◽  
Nicola Casuccio ◽  
Marianna Riolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
World Population ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Abstract Background The incidence of stroke in high-income countries has been on the decline; however, few epidemiological surveys have been conducted in recent years to specifically estimate the incidence along with outcome of stroke, in Italy. This study aimed to examine the incidence and case fatality rates of stroke in an elderly Italian population. Methods A cohort of 2200 people > 65 years was randomly stratified from the total elderly population of Bagheria, Italy. A 9-year prospective population-based study was performed (19,800 person/years). Results We identified 112 first-ever strokes, 53 females and 59 males: 82 (73.1%) ischemic, 13(11.6%) intracerebral haemorrhages, 6 (5.35%) subarachnoid haemorrhages, while 11(9.8%) were classified as undetermined strokes. The crude overall annual incidence was 5.65 per 1000 (95%CI: 4.61 to 6.70) for first-ever stroke. The overall crude incidence rates were 4.74 per 1000 (5.08 for males and 4.46 for females) for ischemic stroke, 0.65 (0.99 for males and 0.37 for females) for intracerebral haemorrhage, and 0.03 for subarachnoid haemorrhage. The incidence rate for first-ever stroke was 5.4 per 1000 (95% CI: 5.36 to 5.45) after adjustment for the 2015 World population and 5.56 (95% CI: 5.52 to 5.61), compared to the 2015 European population. Overall case fatality rates for first-ever stroke was 8.19% at 28 days and 24.1% at 1 year. Conclusion Our study shows that in the elderly population investigated, stroke incidence and case fatality rates resulted being lower, compared to those from Italian and most European populations. Similar to previous studies, these rates increased linearly with age and were higher in males.

Temporal trends in stroke incidence and case-fatality rates in Arcadia, Greece: A sequential, prospective, population-based study

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302199559
Author(s):  
Eleni Karantali ◽  
Konstantinos Vemmos ◽  
Evangelos Tsampalas ◽  
Konstantinos Xynos ◽  
Persefoni Karachalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
European Population ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Southern Greece

Background Stroke incidence and case-fatality are reported to decline in high-income countries during the last decades. Epidemiological studies are important for health services to organize prevention and treatment strategies. Aims The aim of this population-based study was to determine temporal trends of stroke incidence and case-fatality rates of first-ever stroke in Arcadia, a prefecture in southern Greece. Methods All first-ever stroke cases in the Arcadia prefecture were ascertained using the same standard criteria and multiple overlapping sources in three study periods: from November 1993 to October 1995; 2004; and 2015–2016. Crude and age-adjusted to European population incidence rates were compared using Poisson regression. Twenty-eight days case fatality rates were estimated and compared using the same method. Results In total, 1315 patients with first-ever stroke were identified. The age-standardized incidence to the European population was 252 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 231–239) in 1993/1995, 252 (95% CI 223–286) in 2004, and 211 (192–232) in 2015/2016. The overall age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates fell by 16% (incidence rates ratio 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.97). Similarly, 28-day case-fatality rate decreased by 28% (case fatality rate ratio = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.90). Conclusions This population-based study reports a significant decline in stroke incidence and mortality rates in southern Greece between 1993 and 2016.

scholarly journals Estimates and Determinants of SARS-Cov-2 Seroprevalence and Infection Fatality Ratio Using Latent Class Analysis: The Population-Based Tirschenreuth Study in the Hardest-Hit German County in Spring 2020

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Ralf Wagner ◽  
David Peterhoff ◽  
Stephanie Beileke ◽  
Felix Günther ◽  
Melanie Berr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Targeted Testing ◽  
June July

SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality ratios (IFR) remain controversially discussed with implications for political measures. The German county of Tirschenreuth suffered a severe SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in spring 2020, with particularly high case fatality ratio (CFR). To estimate seroprevalence, underreported infections, and IFR for the Tirschenreuth population aged ≥14 years in June/July 2020, we conducted a population-based study including home visits for the elderly, and analyzed 4203 participants for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies via three antibody tests. Latent class analysis yielded 8.6% standardized county-wide seroprevalence, a factor of underreported infections of 5.0, and 2.5% overall IFR. Seroprevalence was two-fold higher among medical workers and one third among current smokers with similar proportions of registered infections. While seroprevalence did not show an age-trend, the factor of underreported infections was 12.2 in the young versus 1.7 for ≥85-year-old. Age-specific IFRs were <0.5% below 60 years of age, 1.0% for age 60–69, and 13.2% for age 70+. Senior care homes accounted for 45% of COVID-19-related deaths, reflected by an IFR of 7.5% among individuals aged 70+ and an overall IFR of 1.4% when excluding senior care home residents from our computation. Our data underscore senior care home infections as key determinant of IFR additionally to age, insufficient targeted testing in the young, and the need for further investigations on behavioral or molecular causes of the fewer infections among current smokers.

Secular Trends of Stroke Epidemiology in Örebro, Sweden, 2017 Compared to the Trends in 1999: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Appelros
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Incidence Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
European Population ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Preventive Medication

Background and Purpose: A stroke incidence study in ­Örebro, situated in Southern Sweden, that was carried out in 1999 showed high incidence rates. Since then, in many Western countries, declining incidence rates have been observed. The main purpose of this study is to examine whether there have been any changes in stroke incidence in the city of ­Örebro between 1999 and 2017. Secondary purposes are to show trends in stroke severity, length of stay and case fatality (CF). Methods: The criterion of an “ideal” stroke incidence study was used in both the 1999 and the present investigation. These criteria include uniform diagnostics, case ascertainment including strokes managed outside the hospital, and the use of several overlapping sources, prospective design, well-defined denominator, and a large population. Results: The overall stroke incidence rate of first ever stroke (adjusted to the 2013 European population) dropped from 346/100,000 (95% CI 314–380) to 168/100,000 (95% CI 148–190). Stroke severity declined from a median of 6 to 4 points on the National Institute of Health Stroke scale. CF within 28 days also declined from 19 to 16% (n.s.). Median length-of-stay in hospital was 16 days in 1999, and 10 days in 2017. Twenty-one per cent of all kinds of stroke were recurrent (not included in the above results). Conclusions: During the years between 1999 and 2017, there have been reductions in stroke incidence, severity and mortality. The explanation is most likely to be found in the prevalence of risk factors and how they are treated. The use of antihypertensives and statins has increased, corresponding to lower levels of blood pressure and cholesterol in the population. The use of anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation has increased. Cigarette smoking has decreased. These are encouraging results that show that preventive medication and public health measures work in practice.

Headache

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
GJF Saldanha ◽  
CG Clough ◽  
N Ward
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Usa ◽  
One Year

Little is known about the frequency of headache in the elderly population as few epidemiological studies have been carried out. In one year in the USA, 70% of the general population had a headache, 5% of whom sought medical attention. In a large population-based study carried out in East Boston, US, some 17% of patients over 65 yrs of age reported frequent headache, with 53% of women and 36% of men reporting headache in the previous year.

scholarly journals PHP22 POLYPHARMACY IS A MAJOR ISSUE IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION: EVIDENCE FROM A POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN PARMA, ITALY

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. A83
Author(s):  
S Abouzaid ◽  
S Del Canale ◽  
G Negri ◽  
A Donatini ◽  
V Maio
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

P-716 - Use of psychotropic drugs in the elderly. data from an italian population based study

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
F. Moretti ◽  
A. Biondini ◽  
V. Bernabei ◽  
E. Dalmonte ◽  
V. Caretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Demographic, health conditions, and lifestyle factors associated with urinary incontinence in elderly from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Pruner Marques ◽  
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider ◽  
Maruí Weber Corseuil Giehl ◽  
Danielle Ledur Antes ◽  
Eleonora d'Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianópolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions). RESULTS: Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.

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