scholarly journals Impact of previous macrolide use on invasive pneumococcal disease due to erythromycin-resistant serotypes in adults over 59 years of age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abelardo Claudio Fernández Chávez ◽  
Luis García Comas ◽  
Luis Manzano Espinosa ◽  
Jose Yuste Lobo ◽  
Octavio Corral Pazos de Provens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Mandatory Notification ◽  
Long Acting

AbstractThe major goals of the study were to describe the invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases due to erythromycin-resistant serotypes and to evaluate the association between these cases and recent macrolide use in individuals aged over 59 years. We selected cases of IPD reported between 2007 and 2016 in persons aged over 59 years living in the Community of Madrid (CM). We followed the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). The explanatory variables (age, sex, year of onset of symptoms, clinical presentation, serotypes, vaccination status) were taken from the Mandatory Notification System for Infectious Diseases System and from the Vaccination Information System. The cases were classified as either included in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) or not (nonPCV13). Associations between cases due to erythromycin-resistant serotypes and previous macrolide use (total, long and short-term) were adjusted with a logistic regression multivariate analysis. A total of 1,831 cases were identified, of whom 408 were erythromycin-resistant serotypes. PCV13 cases were associated with previous macrolide use (OR: 5.07), particularly long-acting types (OR: 8.61). NonPCV13 cases were associated with the use of total macrolides (OR: 3.48) and long-acting macrolides (OR: 4.26) suggesting that PCV13 did not reduce the IPD cases in patients with previous use of macrolides. Our results confirmed that previous macrolide consumption was associated with the presence of IPD due to erythromycin-resistant serotypes. The risk was higher with the use of long-term macrolides.

Financial health of Syariah and non-Syariah banks: a comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elok Heniwati ◽  
Nella Yantiana ◽  
Gita Desyana
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Liquid Asset ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Insolvency Risk

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether Syariah banks are more financially stable than non-Syariah banks and check the differential impact of explanatory variables in financial health and efficiency in the context of Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach By using unbalanced panel data from Bankfocus over the period 2011–2018, regression analysis is performed with two response variables representing financial health, ZSCORE for return on average assets, liquid asset to deposit and short-term funding ratio. A number of control variables are used as tools to confirm the hypotheses. To check the robustness of the findings, a model with different specifications has been used. Findings The results indicate that while Syariah banks present higher insolvency risk (less health) for long-term activity, the opposite is true for short-term activity. Other findings show that Syariah and non-Syariah banks contribute differently to the national system of financial stability owing to varying influential factors on the bank’s health. Originality/value This paper presents a comparative analysis between the financial stability of Syariah banks and that of non-Syariah banks in Indonesia by building an empirical framework that allows the author to examine the differential effects of each underlying feature on financial stability in Syariah and non-Syariah banks.

scholarly journals Long-term Vaccine Impact on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among Children With Significant Comorbidities in a Large Australian Birth Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 967-973
Author(s):  
Sanjay Jayasinghe ◽  
Bette Liu ◽  
Heather Gidding ◽  
Amy Gibson ◽  
Clayton Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Vaccine Impact

scholarly journals Relationship between Serotypes, Age, and Clinical Presentation of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Madrid, Spain, after Introduction of the 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine into the Vaccination Calendar

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Picazo ◽  
J. Ruiz-Contreras ◽  
J. Casado-Flores ◽  
E. Giangaspro ◽  
F. Del Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia ◽  
Parapneumonic Empyema

ABSTRACTTo assess invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) clinical presentations and relationships with age and serotype in hospitalized children (<15 years) after PCV7 implementation in Madrid, Spain, a prospective 2-year (May 2007 to April 2009) laboratory-confirmed (culture and/or PCR) IPD surveillance study was performed (22 hospitals). All isolates (for serotyping) and culture-negative pleural/cerebrospinal fluids were sent to the reference laboratory for pneumolysin (ply) and autolysin (lyt) gene PCR analysis. A total of 330 IPDs were identified: 263 (79.7%) confirmed by culture and 67 (20.3%) confirmed by PCR. IPD distribution by age (months) was as follows: 23.6% (<12), 15.8% (12 to 23), 15.5% (24 to 35), 22.4% (36 to 59), and 22.7% (>59). Distribution by clinical presentation was as follows: 34.5% bacteremic pneumonia, 30.3% pediatric parapneumonic empyema (PPE), 13.6% meningitis, 13.3% primary bacteremia, and 8.2% others. Meningitis and primary bacteremia were the most frequent IPDs in children <12 months old, and bacteremic pneumonia and PPE were most frequent in those >36 months old. Frequencies of IPD-associated serotypes were as follows: 1, 26.1%; 19A, 18.8%; 5, 15.5%; 7F, 8.5%; 3, 3.9%; nontypeable/other 30 serotypes, 27.3%. Serotype 1 was linked to respiratory-associated IPD (38.6% in bacteremic pneumonia and 38.0% in PPE) and children of >36 months (51.4% for 36 to 59 months and 40.0% for >59 months), while serotype 19A was linked to nonrespiratory IPDs (31.1% in meningitis, 27.3% in primary bacteremia, and 51.9% in others) and children of <24 months (35.9% for children of <12 months and 36.5% for those 12 to 23 months old), with high nonsusceptibility rates for penicillin, cefotaxime, and erythromycin. After PCV7 implementation, non-PCV7 serotypes caused 95.5% of IPDs. The new 13-valent conjugate vaccine would provide 79.1% coverage of serotypes responsible for IPDs in this series.

Increased long-term mortality after survival of invasive pneumococcal disease: a population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kristian Floeystad ◽  
Are Holm ◽  
Leiv Sandvik ◽  
Didrik Frimann Vestrheim ◽  
Bjorn Brandsaeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Long Term Mortality

scholarly journals Rediscovering Partisanship as the Long Term Force in the Vote Decision

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Michael D Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Vote Choice ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Party Change ◽  
Vote Decision ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Face ◽  
Voter Choice ◽  
Panel Studies

While partisanship is commonly conceived as the long term force in the voting decision, most models of voter choice include contemporaneous measures of partisanship, as well as issue preferences and retrospective evaluations as explanatory variables. In this paper, I use four multiyear panel studies spanning half a century to examine how well prior partisanship predicts future vote. Prior partisanship is strongly correlated with later vote choice, but that relationship is weaker during periods of party change, for younger voters and those who do not see differences between the parties, and in the face of strong short term forces. Despite evidence of the endogeneity of partisanship, we should also not lose sight of its long-term value as a predictor of vote choice. 

scholarly journals Long-term impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease among children in Finland

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (15) ◽  
pp. 1934-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Rinta-Kokko ◽  
Arto A. Palmu ◽  
Kari Auranen ◽  
J. Pekka Nuorti ◽  
Maija Toropainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Conjugate Vaccination
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