Poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites with improved flame retardancy and impact strength by combining of phosphinates and organoclay

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate (PBAT) blends were prepared by melt blending and compatibilized by glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The effect of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) on these compatibilized blends were investigated by incorporating GNP at different content. The formulated blend and nanocomposites were characterized for mechanical, morphological, thermal and flammability properties by using universal testing machine, impact tester, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 respectively. The incorporation of 8 phr GMA into PLA/PBAT (75:25) blend as a compatibilizer results in a significant increase in impact strength (more than 14 times higher) compared to the uncompatibilized blend. Young's modulus and tensile strength of compatibilized PLA/PBAT nanocomposites increased upon addition of GNP and reached maximum values at 4 phr before decreasing slightly. However, impact strength decreased with increasing GNP contents. The thermal stability and the flame retardancy of the GNP reinforced blend nanocomposites were also improved with an increase in nanofiller content and the maximum values for the nanocomposites were achieved at 6 phr. Interestingly, the nanocomposites samples showed a UL-94 rating of V0 at 4 and 6 phr of GNP. Morphological studies using FESEM showed the GNP were evenly distributed and dispersed in the PLA/PBAT nanocomposites. The current methodology to prepare PLA/PBAT blend nanocomposite is an economical way to produce high strength biodegradable polymer which also has good flame retardancy.

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Experimental and Numerical Measurement of the Impact Strength of Poly-lactic Acid through a Low-velocity Impact

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1094/1/012171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1094 (1) ◽

pp. 012171

Author(s):

Ali Jasim Mohammed Al-Behadili ◽

Bashar Owaid Bedaiwi

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Impact Strength ◽

Low Velocity Impact ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Low Velocity ◽

Velocity Impact ◽

The Impact

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Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Starch/Poly(lactic acid/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blends

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.970.312 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 970 ◽

pp. 312-316

Author(s):

Sujaree Tachaphiboonsap ◽

Kasama Jarukumjorn

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Impact Strength ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Thermoplastic Starch ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Melt Blending ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Blending Method

Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend and thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend were prepared by melt blending method. PLA grafted with maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of the blends. As TPS was incorporated into PLA, elongation at break was increased while tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength were decreased. Tensile properties and impact properties of TPS/PLA blend were improved with adding PLA-g-MA indicating the enhancement of interfacial adhesion between PLA and TPS. With increasing PBAT content, elongation at break and impact strength of TPS/PLA blends were improved. The addition of TPS decreased glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), and melting temperature (Tm) of PLA. Tgand Tcof TPS/PLA blend were decreased by incorporating PLA-g-MA. However, the presence of PBAT reduced Tcof TPS/PLA blend. Thermal properties of TPS/PLA/PBAT blends did not change with increasing PBAT content. SEM micrographs revealed that the compatibilized TPS/PLA blends exhibited finer morphology when compared to the uncompatibilized TPS/PLA blend.

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Improving the flame retardancy and accelerating the degradation of poly (lactic acid) in soil by introducing fully bio-based additives

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ◽

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.119 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shuang Qiu ◽

Yuchun Li ◽

Peng Qi ◽

Dan Meng ◽

Jun Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Poly Lactic Acid

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Improving the Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Poly(Lactic Acid) with a SiO2@ammonium Molybdate Core-Shell Nanotubes

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials ◽

10.1080/03602559.2018.1493124 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 843-853

Author(s):

Bin Zhang ◽

Yujie Jiang

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Ammonium Molybdate ◽

Smoke Suppression ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Core Shell

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Impact Toughness and Ductility Enhancement of Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blends via Addition of Glycidyl Methacrylate

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2013/976373 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Wei Kit Chee ◽

Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽

Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽

Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman ◽

Buong Woei Chieng

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Impact Strength ◽

Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Biodegradable Poly ◽

Interfacial Compatibility ◽

The Impact

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) blends were prepared via melt blending technique. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was added as reactive compatibilizer to improve the interfacial adhesion between immiscible phases of PLA and PCL matrices. Tensile test revealed that optimum in elongation at break of approximately 327% achieved when GMA loading was up to 3wt%. Slight drop in tensile strength and tensile modulus at optimum ratio suggested that the blends were tuned to be deformable. Flexural studies showed slight drop in flexural strength and modulus when GMA wt% increases as a result of improved flexibility by finer dispersion of PCL in PLA matrix. Besides, incorporation of GMA in the blends remarkably improved the impact strength. Highest impact strength was achieved (160% compared to pure PLA/PCL blend) when GMA loading was up to 3 wt%. SEM analysis revealed improved interfacial adhesion between PLA/PCL blends in the presence of GMA. Finer dispersion and smooth surface of the specimens were noted as GMA loading increases, indicating that addition of GMA eventually improved the interfacial compatibility of the nonmiscible blend.

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