A novel model used to compare water–perfused and solid–state anorectal manometry

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. G. Florisson ◽  
J. C. G. Coolen ◽  
I. P. Bissett ◽  
L. D. Plank ◽  
B. R. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Novel Model

scholarly journals WATER-PERFUSED HIGH-RESOLUTION ANORECTAL MANOMETRY (HRAM-WP): THE FIRST BRAZILIAN STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Guilherme VIEBIG ◽  
Janaina Tomiye Yamakata FRANCO ◽  
Sergio Viebig ARAUJO ◽  
Daniel GUALBERTO
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sphincter Injury ◽  
New Information ◽  
Assessment Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vector Volume

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: High resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM-WP) allows more simplified, objective, and uniform data acquisition and interpretation of the test results. OBJECTIVE: To validate a HRAM under water perfusion (Alacer Biomédica) with a 24-channel probe and to compare the results of anorectal manometry with other systems. METHODS: Individuals without critical evacuation disorders were selected. Patients with incontinence, anal surgery, dyssynergia or sphincter injury were excluded. The test was performed with an Alacer Biomédica 24 channel manometry system under water perfusion, with a probe configured with 6 levels of 4 radial channels, separated from each other by 0.8 mm. The mean pressures for the functional channel were determined, in states of rest (RMP), contention effort (CMP) and evacuation effort (EEMP). The pressure extension of the sphincter was also tabulated in cm. The results were compared with those available in recent literature. RESULTS: Fifty patients were studied (20 men; 30 women). Overall, the following results were obtained: the RMP was 76.9±3.0 mmHg, the CMP was 194.2±9.4 mmHg, and EEMP was 88.2±3.7 mmHg. When classified according to the gender, for men: RMP was 72.2±3.0 mmHg, CMP was 229.5±17 mmHg, and EEMP was 91.4±7.0. For women, RMP was 79.8±4.0 mmHg, CMP was 170.7±8, and EEMP was 86.1±4.3 mmHg. The sphincter gauge extension for both genders was 3.1±0.09 cm (men 3.3±0.1; women 3.0±0.1). DISCUSSION: Studying HRAM-WP has become much easier. Non-mobilization of the sensor causes less discomfort and artefacts with a lower assessment time. In this study, small differential values between both sexes during rest were observed, highlighting a greater containment force in men. No difference in sphincter extension was noted. The results of this study are consistent with that of existing reports and with those obtained using solid state probes. CONCLUSION: The perfusion system yielded results similar to that of solid state systems. Further studies to evaluate parameters with respect to pelvic dyssynergia and incontinence need to be conducted. Additionally, to determine if the vector volume can furnish new information in terms of functional and anatomical aspects.

scholarly journals High-resolution anorectal manometry: A comparison of solid-state and water-perfused catheters

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. e13124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. P. Rasijeff ◽  
M. Withers ◽  
J. M. Burke ◽  
W. Jackson ◽  
S. M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Perfused Catheters

Preparation of Thin Cadmium Telluride Samples for Electron Microscope Studies

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
T. J. Magee ◽  
J. Peng ◽  
J. Bean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Cadmium Telluride ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
The Past ◽  
Solid State Devices

Cadmium telluride has become increasingly important in a number of technological applications, particularly in the area of laser-optical components and solid state devices, Microstructural characterizations of the material have in the past been somewhat limited because of the lack of suitable sample preparation and thinning techniques. Utilizing a modified jet thinning apparatus and a potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid thinning solution, a procedure has now been developed for obtaining thin contamination-free samples for TEM examination.

The Collagenic Molecular Structural Unit of Solid State Complexes

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 478-479
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Richter ◽  
John A. Schilling
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naoh Treatment

The structural unit of solid state collagen complexes has been reported by Porter and Vanamee via EM and by Cowan, North and Randall via x-ray diffraction to be an ellipsoidal unit of 210-270 A. length by 50-100 A. diameter. It subsequently was independently demonstrated by us in dog tendon, dermis, and induced complexes. Its detailed morphologic, dimensional and molecular weight (MW) aspects have now been determined. It is pear-shaped in long profile with m diameters of 57 and 108 A. and m length of 263 A. (Fig. 1, tendon, KMnO4 fixation, Na-tungstate; Fig. 2a, schematic of unit in long, C, and x-sectional profiles of its thin, xB, and bulbous, xA portions; Fig. 2b, tendon essentially unmodified by ether and 0.4 N NaOH treatment, Na-tungstate). The unit consists of a uniquely coild cable, c, of ṁ 22.9 A. diameter and length of 2580-3316 A. The cable consists of three 2nd-strands, s, each of m 10.6 A.

Structure-property relations of liquid crystalline polymers

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Linda C. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Crystalline Polymer ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Mechanical Anisotropy ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Extended Chain

Recent liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) research has sought to define structure-property relationships of these complex new materials. The two major types of LCPs, thermotropic and lyotropic LCPs, both exhibit effects of process history on the microstructure frozen into the solid state. The high mechanical anisotropy of the molecules favors formation of complex structures. Microscopy has been used to develop an understanding of these microstructures and to describe them in a fundamental structural model. Preparation methods used include microtomy, etching, fracture and sonication for study by optical and electron microscopy techniques, which have been described for polymers. The model accounts for the macrostructures and microstructures observed in highly oriented fibers and films.Rod-like liquid crystalline polymers produce oriented materials because they have extended chain structures in the solid state. These polymers have found application as high modulus fibers and films with unique properties due to the formation of ordered solutions (lyotropic) or melts (thermotropic) which transform easily into highly oriented, extended chain structures in the solid state.

Microstructural Variations in Melt-Spun Rapidly Solidified Ribbons

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
L. A. Bendersky ◽  
W. J. Boettinger
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Melt Spun ◽  
Wheel Side ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Heat Extraction Rate

Rapid solidification produces a wide variety of sub-micron scale microstructure. Generally, the microstructure depends on the imposed melt undercooling and heat extraction rate. The microstructure can vary strongly not only due to processing parameters changes but also during the process itself, as a result of recalescence. Hence, careful examination of different locations in rapidly solidified products should be performed. Additionally, post-solidification solid-state reactions can alter the microstructure.The objective of the present work is to demonstrate the strong microstructural changes in different regions of melt-spun ribbon for three different alloys. The locations of the analyzed structures were near the wheel side (W) and near the center (C) of the ribbons. The TEM specimens were prepared by selective electropolishing or ion milling.

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