scholarly journals The social contagion of work avoidance goals in school and its influence on student (dis)engagement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman B. Mendoza ◽  
Ronnel B. King
Keyword(s):  
Social Contagion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

The social contagion of utility value: How parents’ beliefs about the usefulness of science predict their children’s motivation and achievement

2021 ◽  
pp. 014303432098520
Author(s):  
Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay ◽  
Yuyang Cai ◽  
Ronnel B. King
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Value Perceptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Motivation And Achievement

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether parents’ utility value perceptions predicted their children’s utility value perceptions, demonstrating social contagion effects. We also examined whether utility value would predict achievement. This is a cross-sectional study that utilized data from a subsample of adolescent students from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA 2015), which focused on science learning and achievement from 18 regions. We performed multi-level structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Results revealed that parents’ utility value perceptions predicted students’ utility value perceptions, which, in turn, predicted science achievement. The findings of this study provide evidence of the social contagion of utility value perceptions from parents to their children and the critical role of utility value in predicting achievement across various regions/countries. Our study highlights the crucial role parents play in adolescents’ motivational and learning outcomes and suggest parental involvement in programs toward enhancing adolescents’ motivation and achievement.

scholarly journals Examining the Antecedents of User Donation Intentions Toward Social Media Articles: Moderation Effects of Social Contagion

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110063
Author(s):  
Isaac Owusu Asante ◽  
Jiaming Fang ◽  
Dennis Fiifi Darko ◽  
Hossin M. D. Altab
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Nonprofit Organization ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Moderation Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Perceived Enjoyment ◽  
Donation Intention

Donations to articles on social media, as a new behavior, have been trending in recent years. Unlike donations to a charitable and nonprofit organization or victims, donations to social media articles have been accorded minimal attention from academic researchers. From the stimuli–organism–response framework, this study proposed a model to investigate the factors that influence the donation intentions of users on social media toward articles. Our results demonstrate that the credibility of the article determines users’ donation intentions. The results also indicate that the perceived value (usefulness and enjoyment) of the article mediates the effects of article credibility on users’ donation intentions. The social contagion nature of the article is also proven to moderate the magnitude of impacts on donation intention by users’ perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perception of article credibility.

Action and Interaction of Design by the Social Contagion with Consumer's Behavior

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida Akil ◽  
Imen Abdennadher Gdoura ◽  
Tarek Abdellatif
Keyword(s):  
Social Contagion ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The Selectionist Paradigm: More Implications for Sociology

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Individual ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Two Bodies

This paper argues that despite 50 years of empirical research, the phenomenon of social contagion is still poorly understood. Social contagion research has produced an eclectic, largely confused and jumbled body of evidence that lacks any comprehensive organising principle or conceptual framework. Whilst the great majority of this empirical research has identified and confirmed existence of the social contagion phenomenon, results have been undermined because the phenomenon itself has been variously and ambiguously defined and operationalised. This has meant that the potential radical implications of social contagion research findings for an orthodox understanding of the human individual as a rational Cartesian agent, have been largely ignored. It is suggested that the emerging evolutionary paradigm of memetics may providea novel conceptual framework for understanding and explaining the empirical phenomenon of social contagion, by understanding it as the observable action of selfish memes replicating through a population. The article concludes by proposing a memetic theory of social contagion, and ends with a call for the synthesis of the two bodies to create a comprehensive body of theoretically informed research.

Predicting school achievement in boys and girls

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Harald Freudenthaler ◽  
Birgit Spinath ◽  
Aljoscha C. Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
School Attainment ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Avoidance Goals

This study investigates the extent to which girls' better school attainment is associated with sex differences in intelligence, personality and school‐related motivation. In a sample of 1353 Austrian pupils (mean age 13.74 years), intelligence, the Big Five of personality, self‐esteem, school anxiety, school‐related intrinsic motivation and achievement goals were assessed as predictors and GPA as achievement criterion. Most predictors yielded significant mean differences between sexes and some of the variables predicted school achievement only for boys or only for girls. Intelligence and self‐esteem were the strongest predictors of GPA for both sexes, and school‐related intrinsic motivation, school anxiety and performance‐avoidance goals explained additional variance in GPA only for boys, whereas work avoidance did so only for girls. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Reach and speed of judgment propagation in the laboratory

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (16) ◽  
pp. 4117-4122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Moussaïd ◽  
Stefan M. Herzog ◽  
Juliane E. Kämmer ◽  
Ralph Hertwig
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Information Distortion ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Good Performer ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Chain

In recent years, a large body of research has demonstrated that judgments and behaviors can propagate from person to person. Phenomena as diverse as political mobilization, health practices, altruism, and emotional states exhibit similar dynamics of social contagion. The precise mechanisms of judgment propagation are not well understood, however, because it is difficult to control for confounding factors such as homophily or dynamic network structures. We introduce an experimental design that renders possible the stringent study of judgment propagation. In this design, experimental chains of individuals can revise their initial judgment in a visual perception task after observing a predecessor’s judgment. The positioning of a very good performer at the top of a chain created a performance gap, which triggered waves of judgment propagation down the chain. We evaluated the dynamics of judgment propagation experimentally. Despite strong social influence within pairs of individuals, the reach of judgment propagation across a chain rarely exceeded a social distance of three to four degrees of separation. Furthermore, computer simulations showed that the speed of judgment propagation decayed exponentially with the social distance from the source. We show that information distortion and the overweighting of other people’s errors are two individual-level mechanisms hindering judgment propagation at the scale of the chain. Our results contribute to the understanding of social-contagion processes, and our experimental method offers numerous new opportunities to study judgment propagation in the laboratory.

scholarly journals Higher Education Instructors’ Usage of and Learning from Student Evaluations of Teaching – Do Achievement Goals Matter?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hein ◽  
Stefan Janke ◽  
Raven Rinas ◽  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Markus Dresel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Avoidance Goals

Identifying what motivates higher education instructors in their self-regulated learning from stu-dent evaluations of teaching (SET) is important for improving future teaching. In a longitudinal online field study, we investigated how higher education instructors’ achievement goals predict the use of SET(s), processing its results and learning from it. We expected beneficial effects of learning (approach and avoidance) goals and performance approach goals, while performance avoidance goals and work avoidance goals should be detrimental for the learning process. In to-tal, 407 higher education instructors with teaching commitments reported their achievement goals. Out of these participants, 152 instructors voluntarily conducted SET(s) and subsequently reported their learning intentions regarding this student feedback. Using structural equation modelling, we found that learning avoidance goals were positively associated with conducting SET(s) and learning approach goals were positively associated with learning intentions. These findings highlight the importance of learning goals for instructors’ use of SET(s).

scholarly journals Partners in health? Investigating social genetic effects for married and cohabiting couples

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jornt Mandemakers ◽  
Kasper Otten
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
The Social ◽  
Partner Similarity

Abstract‘Social contagion’ research suggests that health behaviors (BMI, smoking, drinking, etc.) spread through social networks, including dyadic ties such as between married/cohabiting partners. However, separating contagion from assortative mating (‘like seeks like’) and shared environmental factors remains notoriously difficult in observational studies. It is not possible to obtain exogenous variation in long-term partnerships (‘random mating’), but genetic approaches can offer a novel way to examine partner similarity and the role of social contagion. This paper explores possible social genetic effects among partners, i.e., effects of the partner’s genes on one’s own behavior. We use the longitudinal Health and Retirement Study with data on health behavior and genomic data for both ego and his/her partner to examine social genetic effects for BMI, drinking, and smoking behavior. For each outcome, we find support for social genetic effects. Americans of European descent were more overweight if they had partners with higher polygenic scores for BMI net of their own polygenic score. Similar findings were found for the number of drinks per week and cigarettes per day. Longitudinal analyses that conditioned on past health behavior of both spouses confirmed these findings. We further explored whether susceptibility to the partner’s influence differed between men and women, but did not find consistent differences across outcomes. Findings are further discussed in the light of ramifications of social genetic effects for the social and biological sciences.

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