Changes in bird community composition in the Czech Republic from 1982 to 2004: increasing biotic homogenization, impacts of warming climate, but no trend in species richness

2012 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Reif ◽  
Kristýna Prylová ◽  
Arnošt L. Šizling ◽  
Zdeněk Vermouzek ◽  
Karel Šťastný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Biotic Homogenization ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Warming Climate

Early Badenian ostracod assemblage of the Židlochovice stratotype(Carpathian Foredeep, Czech Republic)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Seko ◽  
Radovan Pipík ◽  
Nela Doláková
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Carpathian Foredeep ◽  
Ostracod Species

AbstractFifty-two ostracod taxa were identified from two sediment cores collected from the early Badenian Židlochovice stratotype. Ostracod assemblages were analyzed with a focus on taxonomy, paleoecology, distribution of taxa along the sediment cores, quantification of valve/carapace ratios, and species richness by Simpson’s Reciprocal Index. The changes in ostracod assemblages identified in these cores reflect a shallowing of the marine water-depth from circalittoral/epibathyal to shallow infralittoral, and an increase in the sedimentation rate upwards through time. A comparison of all Badenian ostracod assemblages in the Carpathian Foredeep indicates a high proportion of deep-water ostracod species in Židlochovice and its surroundings, suggesting that the deepest part of the Carpathian Foredeep was probably situated in this part of the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Fire effects on the composition of a bird community in an amazonian Savanna (Brazil)

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cintra ◽  
T. M. Sanaiotti
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Bird Abundance ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Byrsonima Crassifolia ◽  
Mist Net

The effects of fire on the composition of a bird community were investigated in an Amazonian savanna near Alter-do-Chão, Pará (Brazil). Mist-net captures and visual counts were used to assess species richness and bird abundance pre- and post-fire in an approximately 20 ha area. Visual counts along transects were used to survey birds in an approximately 2000 ha area in a nearby area. Results using the same method of ordination analysis (multidimensional scaling) showed significant effects of fire in the 20 ha and 2000 ha areas and strongly suggest direct effects on bird community composition. However, the effects were different at different spatial scales and/or in different years, indicating that the effects of fire vary spatially and/or temporally. Bird community composition pre-fire was significantly different from that found post-fire. Using multiple regression analysis it was found that the numbers of burned and unburned trees were not significantly related to either bird species richness or bird abundance. Two months after the fire, neither bird species richness nor bird abundance was significantly related to the number of flowering trees (Lafoensia pacari) or fruiting trees (Byrsonima crassifolia). Since fire is an annual event in Alter-do-Chão and is becoming frequent in the entire Amazon, bird community composition in affected areas could be constantly changing in time and space.

scholarly journals Effects of cattle slurry application on plant species composition of moderately moist Arrhenatherion grassland

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Duffková ◽  
H. Libichová
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Application Rates

Cattle slurry is frequently used fertilizer on grasslands, but little is known about its effect on plant species composition. The aim of this study was therefore to assess effect of different application rates of cattle slurry (S0 – 0, S1 – 60, S2 – 120, S3 – 180, S4 – 240 kg N/ha/year) on the plant species composition of three-cut grassland. The study was performed over 6 years on moderately moist upland Arrhenatherion grassland in the Czech Republic dominated by Alopecurus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, and Poa spp. Species composition recorded in treatments with application of cattle slurry in rate up to 120 kg N/ha/year was similar to the unfertilized control. During first three years, species richness was similar in all treatments and then decreased the most in S4 followed by S3 treatment. Cover of short forbs increased in S0 and decreased with an increase in slurry application rate which supported tall grasses. Application of cattle slurry up to 120 kg N/ha/year can be considered as suitable compromise between maintenance of species rich grasslands and requirements of farmers for sufficient forage production.

scholarly journals Early-arriving saproxylic beetles developing in Scots pine stumps: effects of felling type and date

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Foit
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Saproxylic Beetles ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity

A total of 320 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) low stumps were analysed within two stands (one stand was thinned, and the other stand was subjected to clear-cut final felling) in the Drahanská Highlands in the Czech Republic. Each stand was divided into four parts, and the felling of each part was performed on different dates during 2006 (February, May, August and November). The fauna of early-arriving saproxylic beetles inhabiting the stumps was investigated by peeling the bark in two vegetation periods after the felling. A total of 17 species of beetles were found. The felling type and date affected the species composition of the recorded assemblages, with the felling date being considerably more important than the type. The species richness and diversity did not differ significantly between the felling types, but significant differences were found among the felling dates. Several associations of particular species with certain felling types or dates were also found.

How many heteropteran species can live on alien goldenrods Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea in Europe?

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdaléna Roháčová ◽  
Pavel Drozd
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
North Eastern Part

AbstractDuring the vegetation periods of 2001–2003 Heteroptera associated with the invasive alien tall goldenrods Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea were studied in seven model habitats in the north-eastern part of the Czech Republic. Heteropterans associated with adjacent growths were also studied in 2002–2003. A set of 3,042 specimens of 127 samples was analyzed with the aim of estimating average species richness, abundance and trophic structure of the heteropteran assemblages of the studied plant stand. On alien Solidago, 68 heteropteran species were recorded and 71 species were collected in the stands adjacent to the tall goldenrods with 48 shared species. Despite the nearly indentical species richness and similar abundances in Solidago and adjacent stands, there are differences in the trophic structure. The majority of the shared species and species found on Solidago canadensis only are polyphagous contrary to the majority of stenophagous species found on Solidago free stands only. Only a small proportion of heteropteran species that were recorded on alien Solidago stands are specialized to Asteraceae and their abundance was mostly low. Only the lygaeid Nysius senecionis, an Asteraceae specialist, occured in masses on S. canadensis in sunny and warm habitats. Similarly, predatory Orius minutus and O. niger reached high abundance values in Solidago stands compared to adjacent stands.

scholarly journals Distribution of Orchids with Different Rooting Systems in the Czech Republic

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Zuzana Štípková ◽  
Spyros Tsiftsis ◽  
Pavel Kindlmann
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids

Understanding diversity patterns along altitudinal gradients and the effect of global change on abundance, distribution patterns and species survival are of the most discussed topics in biodiversity research. Here, we determined the associations of orchid species richness and the degree of their specialization to specific environmental conditions (expressed by species specialization index) with altitude in six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We distinguished three basic trends in these relationships: linear, parabolic and cubic. We then determined whether these trends differ between three orchid groups classified by their rooting systems: rhizomatous, intermediate and tuberous. We used distributional data on 69 species and subspecies of terrestrial orchids recorded in the Czech Republic and interpolated them at 100-m intervals along an altitudinal gradient in each floristic area. The trends in both species richness and mean species specialization index differed between the six floristic areas within each of the three orchid groups studied. These patterns are probably strongly influenced by the orography of the country and the distribution of different habitats in the six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We also found that the most widely distributed orchid group in the Czech Republic are the rhizomatous orchids, followed by intermediate and tuberous ones.

scholarly journals Distribution of alien animal species richness in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4455-4464
Author(s):  
Radek Gebauer ◽  
Jan Divíšek ◽  
Miloš Buřič ◽  
Martin Večeřa ◽  
Antonín Kouba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
The Czech Republic

The effect of urbanization on helminth communities in the Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merulaL.) from the eastern part of the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sitko ◽  
G. Zaleśny
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Forest Habitats

AbstractIn the present study we investigated two ecologically distinct populations ofT. merulafor the presence of helminths. We wished to determine whether urban populations of blackbirds had reduced helminth fauna compared to birds from forest habitats. Birds were caught in two ecologically distinct sites located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. A total of 320 birds were examined. The first site was located in Prerov where the birds were obtained from a typical urban population, and the second site was Zahlinice, which constitutes a typical forest area. As a result of parasitological examination, 30 helminth species belonging to Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala were recorded from both sites: 29 species were found in the forested site and 15 in the urban site. The overall prevalence of infection was 93.1% and differed significantly between the sites (Zahlinice 97.2%, Prerov 85.1%). The mean species richness was almost three times higher in the forest population (3.37 ± 0.10) than in the urban one (1.78 ± 0.11). The clear qualitative and quantitative differences in the helminth community ofT. merulaobtained from two ecologically disparate localities show that urbanization leads to a significant reduction in the helminth fauna of a bird which is highly adapted to synanthropic habitats, while still remaining common in its original forest habitat.

scholarly journals Diversity of current weed vegetation on arable land in selected areas of the Czech Republic  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kolářová ◽  
L. Tyšer ◽  
J. Soukup
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
The Mean

This paper reports on the within-habitat (&alpha;) and on the between-habitat (&beta;) diversity of weed vegetation on arable land in the Czech Republic, influenced by management systems, crops grown and altitude. A phytocoenological survey was conducted from 2006 to 2008 during a vegetation period using relev&eacute;s that were 100 m<sup>2</sup> in size, placed in the central part of fields. The species richness and the mean S&oslash;rensen dissimilarity were calculated. The statistically significant effects of the type of farming and altitude on species richness were recorded. The average species numbers in one relev&eacute; reached 9.17 and 21.17 in conventional and organic farming, respectively. In both management systems, an increasing number of species was recorded with increasing altitude. Statistically significant effects of all the variables were observed when evaluating &beta;-diversity. Higher &beta;-diversity was found in conventional farming.

Diversity and ecology of desmids of peat bogs in the Jizerské hory Mts

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Štěpánková ◽  
Jitka Vavrušková ◽  
Petr Hašler ◽  
Petra Mazalová ◽  
Aloisie Poulíčková
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Ecological Preferences

AbstractThe present study focuses on diversity and ecological preferences of desmids in peat bogs in the Jizerské hory Mts (Czech Republic). Altogether 76 desmid algae taxa have been recorded at 18 sites of the study area during our investigation in 2003–2006. Taxa Actinotaenium crassiusculum (De Bary) Teiling, Hyalotheca dissiliens var. tatrica Racib., Staurastrum avicula var. subarcuatum (Wolle) West & G. S. West, S. borgeanum Schmidle, S. simonyi var. semicirculare Coesel, Staurodesmus extensus var. isthmosus (Heimerl) Coesel, S. extensus var. vulgaris (Eichler & Racib.) Croasdale and S. spencerianus (Mask.) Teiling are new for the Czech Republic. In addition, several rare and remarkable taxa were also encountered. The species richness was relatively high in comparison to similar localities in the Czech Republic. Desmid distribution was influenced by pH and conductivity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document