Uptake Studies on a Fluorescein-Labelled Seed Oil Adjuvant in Abutilon theophrasti, Sinapis arvensis and Beta vulgaris

Velvetleaf control and sugarbeet response to POST triflusulfuron applied alone and in combination with desmedipham plus phenmedipham, nonionic surfactant, and urea ammonium nitrate (50:50) were evaluated in the greenhouse (velvetleaf only) and field. In a second field study, the effect of POST applications of triflusulfuron, desmedipham plus phenmedipham, ethofumesate, endothall, or combinations of these herbicides on sugarbeet root yield and quality was determined in the absence of weeds. Triflusulfuron controlled velvetleaf only when nonionic surfactant (NIS) was added to the spray solution. Desmedipham plus phenmedipham plus triflusulfuron gave greater velvetleaf control than triflusulfuron in the absence of NIS in the field. However, adding desmedipham plus phenmedipham to triflusulfuron plus NIS decreased velvetleaf control in the greenhouse. Adding desmedipham plus phenmedipham to triflusulfuron plus NIS increased visible sugarbeet response compared to triflusulfuron plus nonionic surfactant or desmedipham plus phenmedipham 14 d after the last POST application in 1994. In the absence of weeds, POST herbicide applications that included triflusulfuron did not reduce sugarbeet root yield more than other POST herbicides.

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Repeated Reduced Rates of Broadleaf Herbicides in Combination with Methylated Seed Oil for Postemergence Weed Control in Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris)1

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-04-258r1.1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 855-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ROBERT G. WILSON ◽

JOHN A. SMITH ◽

C. DEAN YONTS

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Seed Oil

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Biodiesel production from wild mustard (Sinapis Arvensis) seed oil using a novel heterogeneous catalyst of LaTiO3 nanoparticles

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121759 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 307 ◽

pp. 121759

Author(s):

Shahabaldin Rezania ◽

Saeideh Mahdinia ◽

Bahareh Oryani ◽

Jinwoo Cho ◽

Eilhann E Kwon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Sinapis Arvensis ◽

Wild Mustard

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Effect of Water and Nutrient Supply on the Allelopathy of Abutilon theophrasti Medic. and Xanthium italicum Mor

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/10/3474 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 102-105

Author(s):

István Dávid

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Nutrient Supply ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Effect Of Water ◽

Contrary Effect

Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) and Cocklebur species (Xanthium spp.) are more and more dangerous and „difficult to control” weeds in several cultivated plants. The ground cover of these species have became larger in Hungary like other warm-philous species. There are several causes of danger of them, for example: large capability for competition, allelopathic effect, keeping on of emergence.The allelopathic effect of these weeds were examined on sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.). Extracts of plants grown under different conditions have several effect on this species.Abutilon theophrasti plants were grown in perlite to examine the effect of supplying with nutritive materials on production of inhibitors. The water soluble exudates of the shoots grown with no artificial fertilisers inhibit stronger than grown with them. Acid soluble exudates have contrary effect. The exudates made of roots inhibited the sugarbeet less than shoots.Effect of drought stress on production of inhibitors was examined on Abutilon theophrasti and on Xanthium italicum. The species responded to missing of water different, and the water, acid and basic soluble exudates had different effect, as well.

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Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Control in Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00033339 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 97-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen A. Renner ◽

Gary E. Powell

Keyword(s):

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Field Studies ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Postemergence Herbicides

Velvetleaf control in sugarbeet by clomazone and commercially available sugarbeet herbicides was investigated in greenhouse and field studies. In greenhouse studies, clomazone at 0.07 and 0.04 kg ai ha-1controlled 97 and 69% of velvetleaf, respectively, with little visible sugarbeet injury. Adding clomazone to pyrazon, TCA, ethofumesate, pyrazon plus TCA, or TCA plus ethofumesate increased velvetleaf control but increased visible sugarbeet injury. In field studies, clomazone at 0.07 kg ha-1did not enhance sugarbeet injury. However, velvetleaf was not controlled by clomazone alone or clomazone plus pyrazon, ethofumesate, combinations of pyrazon plus TCA, pyrazon plus ethofumesate, or pyrazon plus TCA plus ethofumesate. Cycloate preplant incorporated plus pyrazon preemergence followed by postemergence herbicides controlled velvetleaf in all 3 yr of research. Postemergence herbicides increased velvetleaf control from soil-applied herbicides in 1987 and 1988.

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Biodiesel preparation from Semen Abutili (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) seed oil using low-cost liquid lipase Eversa® transform 2.0 as a catalyst

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 169 ◽

pp. 113643

Author(s):

Shangde Sun ◽

Jingjing Guo ◽

Xiaowei Chen

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Low Cost ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Liquid Lipase

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Effect of Herbicides on Weed Control and Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) Yield and Quality

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-04-278r1.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 150-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Trevor M. Dale ◽

Karen A. Renner ◽

Alexandra N. Kravchenko

Keyword(s):

North Dakota ◽

Weed Control ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Large Production ◽

Pre Treatment

The “micro-rate” application, a POST combination of desmedipham plus phenmedipham at 0.045 + 0.045 kg ai/ha (desphen) or desmedipham plus phenmedipham plus ethofumesate (1:1: 1 ratio) (desphenetho) at 0.09 kg ai/ha plus triflusulfuron at 0.004 kg ai/ha plus clopyralid at 0.026 kg ae/ha plus 1.5% methylated seed oil received registration in 1998 and 2000 in North Dakota and Michigan, respectively. Herbicide rates are reduced by 80%, compared to standard-split applications, and growers typically apply the micro-rate three to five times to very small weeds that are 1 cm or less in height. In standard-split applications, growers make two sequential applications, the first when weeds are 1.5 cm tall and the sequential application usually 10 to 14 d later. Research was conducted in small plots and large grower plots in 2001 and 2002 to determine the effect of PRE herbicides on weed control and sugarbeet injury from micro-rates compared to standard-split POST herbicide applications. Sugarbeet populations were reduced in the cycloate treatment compared to all other PRE and the no-PRE treatment in 2001 and in the S-metolachlor compared to the ethofumesate treatment in 2002. Sugarbeet injury was 6% or less from POST-only treatments in 2001. Control of common lambsquarters and Amaranthus spp. by desphen and desphenetho treatments was similar. Sugarbeet injury in 2002 was 29 to 43% from POST-only treatments. The standard-split of desphenetho was more injurious than the standard-split of desphen. Common lambsquarters control was greater in both the standard-split and micro-rate of desphenetho compared to the standard-split of desphen in 2002. However, sugarbeet populations and recoverable white sucrose per hectare did not differ among POST herbicide treatments in either year. No herbicide program provided 100% control of all weeds in both years. In the seven large production fields, PRE herbicide treatments did not reduce sugarbeet populations or recoverable sucrose per hectare compared to the no-PRE control. Weed control from four POST micro-rate applications only was similar to weed control in instances in which PRE herbicides were applied prior to the POST micro-rate applications.

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Sunflower (Helianthus annum) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Interference in Sugarbeets (Beta vulgaris)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500041084 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 514-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Edward E. Schweizer ◽

Larry D. Bridge

Keyword(s):

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Equal Population

Intraspecific interference of populations of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic), as well as interspecific populations of these two broadleaf weeds, in sugarbeets (Beta vulgarisL. ‘Mono Hy D2′) was determined in 2-yr field experiments. Sunflower was more competitive in sugarbeets than was velvetleaf. At densities of 6, 12, 18, and 24 sunflower plants/30 m of row, root yields were reduced 40, 52, 67, and 73%, respectively. At the same densities of velvetleaf, root yields were reduced only 14, 17, 25, and 30%, respectively. Interspecific interference of these two broadleaf weeds at the same densities reduced root yields 19, 36, 43, and 56%, respectively. The minimum number of weeds required/30 m of row to reduce sugarbeet root yields was predicted to be 1 for sunflower, 9 to 12 for velvetleaf, and 2 to 7 for an equal population of sunflower and velvetleaf.

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Interacting effects of MON 12000 and CGA-152005 with other herbicides in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500093127 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 434-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Stephen E. Hart

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

Foliar Absorption ◽

Sampling Times

Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of dicamba, atrazine, and bentazon on efficacy, foliar absorption, and translocation of MON 12000 or CGA-152005 applied to velvetleaf. The efficacy of MON 12000, CGA-152005, and a combination of CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron applied at 4.5 g ai ha−1was similar when applied alone or with 140 g ha−1of dicamba. However, applying these herbicides in combination with 840 or 560 g ha−1of atrazine or bentazon, respectively, reduced velvetleaf control. Increasing the rate of MON 12000, CGA-152005, or the combination of CGA-152005 plus primisulfuron to 9 g ai ha−1or replacing crop oil concentrate (COC) with methylated seed oil (MSO) increased velvetleaf control of the atrazine and bentazon combinations but not to levels equal to these herbicides applied alone. Dicamba had no effect on the foliar absorption and translocation of14C from MON 12000 or CGA-152005. Atrazine had little effect on foliar absorption of14C from MON 12000 or CGA-152005, but bentazon reduced the foliar absorption of14C from MON 12000. Replacing COC with MSO increased the foliar absorption of14C from MON 12000 or CGA-152005 applied alone or with dicamba or atrazine, but not with bentazon. Translocation of14C from MON 12000 or CGA-152005 out of the treated leaves was 11 and 12%, respectively, averaged across adjuvants and sampling times. These values were reduced to an average of 3 to 4% for both MON 12000 and CGA-152005 when applied in combination with atrazine or bentazon. The majority of14C from MON 12000 or CGA-152005 was translocated acropetally. Atrazine and bentazon significantly reduced the acropetal translocation of14C from MON 12000 at 24 and 72 h and for CGA-152005 at 12, 24, and 72 h. The physiological basis for the observed antagonism of MON 12000 and CGA-152005 by atrazine and bentazon appears to be due to reductions in acropetal translocation of MON 12000 and CGA-152005 to velvetleaf meristems.

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A Novel Heterogeneous Superoxide Support-Coated Catalyst for Production of Biodiesel from Roasted and Unroasted Sinapis arvensis Seed Oil

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11121421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1421

Author(s):

Maryam Hanif ◽

Haq Nawaz Bhatti ◽

Muhammad Asif Hanif ◽

Umer Rashid ◽

Asma Hanif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Edible Oils ◽

Immobilized Lipase ◽

High Vacuum ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Cetane Number ◽

Composite Catalyst ◽

Nano Composite ◽

Sinapis Arvensis ◽

Composite Support

Disadvantages of biodiesel include consumption of edible oils for fuel production, generation of wastewater and inability to recycle catalysts during homogenously catalyzed transesterification. The aim of the current study was to utilize low-cost, inedible oil extracted from Sinapis arvensis seeds to produce biodiesel using a novel nano-composite superoxide heterogeneous catalyst. Sodium superoxide (NaO2) was synthesized by reaction of sodium nitrate with hydrogen peroxide via spray pyrolysis, followed by coating onto a composite support material prepared from silicon dioxide, potassium ferricyanide and granite. The roasted (110 °C, 20 min) and unroasted S. arvensis seeds were subjected to high vacuum fractional distillation to afford fractions (F1, F2 and F3) that correlated to molecular weight. For example, F1 was enriched in palmitic acid (76–79%), F2 was enriched in oleic acid (69%) and F3 was enriched in erucic acid (61%). These fractions, as well as pure unroasted and roasted S. arvensis seed oils, were then transesterified using NaO2/SiO2/PFC/Granite to give biodiesel a maximum yield of 98.4% and 99.2%, respectively. In contrast, yields using immobilized lipase catalyst were considerably lower (78–85%). Fuel properties such as acid value, cetane number, density, iodine value, pour point, and saponification value were within the ranges specified in the American biodiesel standard, ASTM D6751, where applicable. These results indicated that the nano-composite catalyst was excellent for production of biodiesel from unroasted and roasted S. arvensis seed oil and its fractions.

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