scholarly journals Who retires early and why? Determinants of early retirement pension among Danish employees 57–62 years

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lund ◽  
Ebbe Villadsen
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Retirement Pension

Socio-economic disparity in risk of undergoing emergency laparotomy and postoperative mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Sanne Pagh Møller ◽  
Maja Mønster Jeppesen ◽  
Ismail Gögenur ◽  
Lau Caspar Thygesen
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Elementary School Education ◽  
One Year

Aims: Socio-economic disparities in health and access to care are well documented, but socio-economic disparities in surgical care and outcomes have received less attention. The aim of the study was to determine if there are socio-economic disparities in the risk of undergoing emergency laparotomy and postoperative mortality in a universal health-care system with free and equal access to care. Methods: This was a nationwide case-control study including patients undergoing non-malignant emergency laparotomy involving resection, ostomy or open drainage between 2003 and 2014 and population references matched 1:1 on age and sex. Socio-economic disparities in one-year postoperative mortality were explored through a cohort study including all patients. Exposure measures were register-based household disposable income, educational level and employment status. Analyses were adjusted by age, sex, country of origin, marital status and co-morbidity. Results: A total of 11,962 cases and 11,962 population references were included. The highest odds ratios (OR) for undergoing surgery were found among those with the lowest income (OR=1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39–1.63), those with elementary school education (OR=1.33; 95% CI 1.22–1.46) and those on early-retirement pension (OR=3.49; 95% CI 3.07–3.98). One-year postoperative mortality was highest among those with lowest income (hazard ratio (HR)=1.51; 95% CI 1.35–1.69), those with elementary school education (HR=1.39; 95% CI 1.22–1.59) and those on early-retirement pension (HR=2.12; 95% CI 1.73–2.61). Conclusions: Socio-economic disparities in health exist in relation to non-malignant emergency laparotomies and still exist after adjustment for confounders, including co-morbidity, indicating that mechanisms other than differences in disease burden are involved. There is a substantial need for exploration of mechanisms and preventive measures.

Was sind die richtigen Rentenabschläge? – neue Perspektiven

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gasche
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Relevant Alternative ◽  
Adjustment Factor ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Implicit Taxation ◽  
Pension Benefits ◽  
Continue Work

SummaryThe correct adjustment of pension benefits when postponing retirement is calculated by three „income-oriented“ approaches: the incentive-neutral approach, the budget-neutral approach and as an innovation the return-neutral approach. It turns out, that the three approaches differ just in their underlying discount rate but not in their method of calculation. In addition it can be shown, that the incentive-neutral approach leads to incentive neutrality when the implicit taxation of contributions is equal to the implicit taxation of the early retirement pension. The correct adjustment factors were also calculated for those cases, where the relevant alternative for early retirement is unemployment or not to continue work.As an alternative to the income-oriented approaches the utility-based approach is presented. In this case the results strongly depend on the underlying utility function and the parametric values. Overall, the statutory adjustment factor of 3,6 % per year tends to be too low applying the income-oriented approaches. Using the utility-based approach, the calculated adjustment rates can be seen as too high or too low, depending on the assumptions on the utility function and the parameter constellation.

Overview of recent cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union (October 2019-January 2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Pauline Melin
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Retroactive Effect ◽  
Pension Age ◽  
Pension Benefits

During the period of reporting (1 October 2019-31 January 2020), six judgments are worth noting in the area of EU social security law. In Safeway, the Court had to decide whether Article 119 of the EC Treaty on equal treatment precluded a measure ending discrimination through the fixing, with retroactive effect, of a uniform normal pension age equal to that of the members within the previously disadvantaged category. In Bocero Torrico, the question related to the obligation on Member States, under Regulation 883/2004, to take into account equivalent benefits acquired in other Member States for the purpose of calculating an early retirement pension. WA concerned a discriminatory law that granted a pension supplement solely to women. UB was about a discriminatory law that granted additional benefits for sportspersons based on their citizenship. In ZP, the question concerned Article 62 of Regulation 883/2004 dealing with the calculation of unemployment benefits. Finally, in Pensions-Sicherungs-Verein, the Court had to interpret Article 8 of Directive 2008/94 in the context of a reduction of pension benefits following the insolvency of the employer.

Cancer and the risk for taking early retirement pension: A Danish cohort study

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrine Carlsen ◽  
Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton ◽  
Kirsten Frederiksen ◽  
Finn Diderichsen ◽  
Christoffer Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
Danish Cohort

Developments in the Swedish Early Retirement Scheme: The Drive Against High Welfare Expenditure and Ill-health

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-217
Author(s):  
Bo Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Right ◽  
Welfare Model ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
High Welfare

ABSTRACTThe social insurance system has been an important element in the Swedish welfare model. However, in Sweden as in other Western countries there is an ongoing discussion about the rationality of the post-1940 welfare state. A social right or benefit constantly debated is the right to an early retirement pension. The value of such an early retirement pension has been questioned from economical as well as social or human points of view. The purpose of this article is to shed light on different processes behind the increasing number of early retirement pensioners and on the ongoing rehabilitation programmes in Sweden. A question that will arise: Is there a possible margin of gains from the interventions of the rehabilitation programme?

Early Retirement in Denmark

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443
Author(s):  
Iver Hornemann Møler
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Retirement Pension ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Self Assessed Health ◽  
The Welfare State

ABSTRACTThe Danish Early Retirement Pension Scheme (ERPS) introduced in 1979 was intended to contribute to the reproduction of the social order and to the legitimation of the welfare state. The first objective was not achieved. Nevertheless ERPS reduced total unemployment by about 20% and thereby contributed to the positive image of the welfare state.Survey data show that the poorer the working conditions the stronger the probability that the eligible take early retirement. High rates of unemployment in industries with physically and psychologically onerous work increase the probability of early retirement. Taken together with employers' wishes for as large as possible a labour reserve and their ambivalent attitude to the total withdrawal of marginal workers, these findings render the debate about voluntary versus compulsory withdrawal from the labour market at best insignificant and at worse misleading.At the same time, ERPS has brought some unintended but quite considerable improvements to the lives of many recipients. These include better self-assessed health, increased contacts with family and friends and new leisure activities. Recently, however, there is evidence of an increase in economic deprivation among recipients, and early retirement pension levels have not kept pace with rises in industrial earnings or the cost of living.

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