scholarly journals Risk Behaviors for HIV and HCV Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs in Hai Phong, Viet Nam, 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2161-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Thi Duong ◽  
◽  
Don Des Jarlais ◽  
Oanh Hai Thi Khuat ◽  
Kamyar Arasteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Viet Nam

scholarly journals Reported Low Uptake of HCV Testing among People Who Inject Drugs in Urban Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vu Toan Thinh ◽  
Do Thi Phuong ◽  
Van Dinh Hoa ◽  
Le Minh Giang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Hcv Testing

Background. HCV testing is an important first step for treatment and prevention, particularly for those who are highly vulnerable to HCV infection such as people who inject drugs (PWID). In settings where direct-acting antiretroviral medicines are becoming more available, limited information exists about who and where to target to increase the prevalence of HCV testing among PWID. This study is aimed at understanding the prevalence of HCV testing uptake and its determinants of medical services and risk behaviors. Methods. From February 2016 to April 2017, a sample of 509 PWID was interviewed using a structured questionnaire on their history of HCV testing, confirmation, services using in the previous year as well as HCV-related knowledge, and risk behaviors. Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with ever being tested for HCV before enrollment in the program. Results. Approximately 33% reported ever testing for HCV. Most cited sources of testing are public hospitals and general clinics (68.9%) and outpatient clinics (18.9%). Having ever tested for HCV was positively associated with accessing health services within the prior 12 months ( aOR = 2.25 ; 95% CI 1.11-4.58), being currently enrolled in a methadone treatment program ( aOR = 2.35 ; 95% CI 1.34-4.08), and/or on ART treatment ( aOR = 2.30 ; 95% CI 1.30-4.08). Those who ever delayed in seeking healthcare services for any reason were less likely to get tested for HCV ( aOR = 0.54 ; 95% CI 0.35-0.84). Conclusion. HCV testing prevalence is low among PWID in Hanoi despite a very high prevalence of HCV infection. To improve the cascade of HCV testing, it is critical that intervention programs scale up linkages among methadone, outpatient clinics, and HCV services, take steps to reduce stigma and discrimination in both community and, especially, in health care settings, and increase awareness of HCV for PWID by integrating HCV into routine counseling at health care services.

scholarly journals Policing Practices and Risk of HIV Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Baker ◽  
Leo Beletsky ◽  
Liliana Avalos ◽  
Christopher Venegas ◽  
Carlos Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Drug-law enforcement constitutes a structural determinant of health among people who inject drugs (PWID). Street encounters between police and PWID (e.g., syringe confiscation, physical assault) have been associated with health harms, but these relationships have not been systematically assessed. We conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the contribution of policing to risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among PWID. We screened MEDLINE, sociological databases, and gray literature for studies published from 1981 to November 2018 that included estimates of HIV infection/risk behaviors and street policing encounters. We extracted and summarized quantitative findings from all eligible studies. We screened 8,201 abstracts, reviewed 175 full-text articles, and included 27 eligible analyses from 9 countries (Canada, China, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Russia, Thailand, Ukraine, and the United States). Heterogeneity in variable and endpoint selection precluded meta-analyses. In 5 (19%) studies, HIV infection among PWID was significantly associated with syringe confiscation, reluctance to buy/carry syringes for fear of police, rushed injection due to a police presence, fear of arrest, being arrested for planted drugs, and physical abuse. Twenty-one (78%) studies identified policing practices to be associated with HIV risk behaviors related to injection drug use (e.g., syringe-sharing, using a “shooting gallery”). In 9 (33%) studies, policing was associated with PWID avoidance of harm reduction services, including syringe exchange, methadone maintenance, and safe consumption facilities. Evidence suggests that policing shapes HIV risk among PWID, but lower-income settings are underrepresented. Curbing injection-related HIV risk necessitates additional structural interventions. Methodological harmonization could facilitate knowledge generation on the role of police as a determinant of population health.

scholarly journals Gaps in HCV Knowledge and Risk Behaviors among Young Suburban People Who Inject Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jost ◽  
Tempalski ◽  
Vera ◽  
Akiyama ◽  
Mangalonzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Treatment Information ◽  
Hcv Transmission

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) among young suburban people who inject drugs (PWID) is a growing epidemic in the United States, yet little is known about the factors contributing to increased exposure. The goal of this study was to explore and assess HCV knowledge and attitudes about treatment and identify risk behaviors among a cohort of young suburban PWID. Methods: We conducted interviews with New Jersey (NJ) service providers and staff from the state’s five syringe service programs to inform a semistructured survey addressing HCV knowledge, treatment, and risk factors among young suburban PWID. We then used this survey to conduct qualitative interviews with 14 young suburban PWID (median age 26 years) in NJ between April and May 2015. Data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach and coded to identify thematic relationships among respondents. Results: Most participants had substantial gaps in several aspects of HCV knowledge. These included: HCV transmission, HCV symptoms, and the availability of new direct-acting antiviral therapy. Participants also downplayed the risk of past and current risk behaviors, such as sharing drug paraphernalia and reusing needles, which also reflected incomplete knowledge regarding these practices. Conclusion: Young suburban PWID are not receiving or retaining accurate and current HCV information. Innovative outreach and prevention messages specifically tailored to young suburban PWID may help to disseminate HCV prevention and treatment information to this population.

scholarly journals Baseline prevalence and correlates of HIV and HCV infection among people who inject drugs accessing a syringe services program; Miami, FL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler S. Bartholomew ◽  
Jason Onugha ◽  
Corinne Bullock ◽  
Carolina Scaramutti ◽  
Hardik Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hcv Infection

High levels of transmission of HCV infection among people who inject drugs in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. S416 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sypsa ◽  
P. Vickerman ◽  
L. Wiessing ◽  
M. Malliori ◽  
A. Hatzakis
Keyword(s):  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hcv Infection
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