Operating parameters affecting biofloc technology: carbon source, carbon/nitrogen ratio, feeding regime, stocking density, salinity, aeration, and microbial community manipulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert Minaz ◽  
Aysegul Kubilay
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Biofloc Technology ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

scholarly journals Bio-Floc Technology: Prospects & Challenges in Fish Farming of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Prajina Neupane ◽  
Madhusudhan Adhikari ◽  
Manita Kumari Thapa ◽  
Astha Kiran Pandeya
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Technical Manpower ◽  
Blue Revolution

Bio-floc technology is the blue revolution in aquaculture & new technique of enhancing water quality & utilizing feed wastes in the aquaculture system. It follows the concept of conversion of ammonium in addition to organic nitrogenous wastes into bacterial biomass in where heterotrophic bacterial growth is stimulated & nitrogen uptake through the production of microbial proteins is promoted by the addition of carbohydrates to the pond. Nitrogen generated by uneaten feed and excreta of cultured organisms is converted into proteinaceous feed available for those same organisms. This technique recycles nutrients & nitrogenous wastes by maintaining a high carbon: nitrogen ratio and provides essential & higher quality nutrition to the shrimps & fishes in achieving fast growth, lesser FCR & possibility to prevent diseases. Water requirement in BFT is extremely less & it is advantageous than the conventional system where there is continuous water & nutrient recycling, lower FCR. On the other hand, many challenges are existing in practicing bio-floc in Nepal as it requires frequent pond monitoring by the technical manpower. The choice of carbon source should be made wisely and correctly as the performance of fish and water quality in the bio-floc ponds depend highly upon carbon source. Further, vitamins required for fish may not be produced by microbes thus needed to identify them and supply through the feed. However, the practice of bio-floc technology will be proven worth for farmers in Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 140-145  

scholarly journals Microbial Community Response to Carbon-Nitrogen Ratio Manipulation in Biofloc Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Dennis D. Tanay ◽  
Tereso T. Abella ◽  
Emmanuel M. Vera Cruz ◽  
Chito F. Sace ◽  
Lorenz J. Fajardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Unifrac Distance ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

Biofloc technology (BFT) is an alternative aquaculture practice that involves the manipulation of carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N) to manage nitrogenous waste through microbial assimilation. This study aimed to determine the composition of the microbial community present in BFT and describe the microbial community’s response to C:N manipulation. The experiment had a complete randomized design with two set-ups (i.e., BFT and control) in triplicates. The experimental unit was a 120-L rectangular tank stocked with 15 mixed-sex tilapia fish, Oreochromis niloticus, with an average weight of 15±3 g. The C:N was adjusted to 16:1 using molasses. Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform was used, and bioinformatics was conducted in R using dada2 and phyloseq package. Seventeen (17) phyla were identified, but only seven were remarkably abundant, namely: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Fusobacteria. Double Principal Coordinates Analysis (DPCoA), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Weighted Unifrac Distance and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCoA) revealed an association of Proteobacteria to low ammonia concentration in BFT treatment. On the other hand, phylum Bacteroidetes was clustered towards the control, characterized by high ammonia. Overall, BFT has increased Shannon and Simpson diversity indices compared to the control. Regime change in the microbial community was not easily caused by organic C supplementation because of community robustness to withstand biotic and abiotic disturbances. Controlled laboratory experiment showed that some bacteria species proliferate as a response to C:N manipulation, but established species remained dominant.

Effect of mC/mN on Acidification Characteristic of a New Complex Microbial Community LZF-12 with High Cellulose-Degradation Ability

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
Guo Xiang Zheng ◽  
Tianfu Liu ◽  
Wen Zhe Li ◽  
Wen Ling Zheng ◽  
Yuan Bei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Fermentation Performance ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Complex Microbial Community ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

The key rate-limiting step of methane production by dry anaerobic fermentation with straw as main materials is acidication phase, and carbon nitrogen ratio (mC/mN) is major factor in affecting microbial fermentation performance. In this study, a batch test was carried out to investigate the effect of different mC/mN ratio on acidogenic fermentation performance by means of a new medium-temperature complex microbial community LZF-12 with high efficent lignocellulosic degration, which straw and peptone were sole carbon and nitrogen respectively in reaction system. The results showed that flora growth of LZF-12 increased graduately along with the dicrease of mC/mN ratio, especially that the mC/mN ratio reached 5.0, the growth rate of microbial flora was obviously better than that of other mC/mN ratio, and pH revealed similar change trend that finial pH was between 6-7 along with different mC/mN ratio. Analysis of straw weightlessness revealed that substrate degradation rate achieved above 70% at the condition of diffenent mC/mN ratio, and fermentation was typically acetate-type, which main liquid end production were volatile fatty acid (VFA) comprising 90% acetate, butyate and a small amount of ethanol and propionate. This work presents important analysis of fermentation property together with carbon nitrogen scale applicable for biodegradation process of cellulose by complex microbial community LZF-12, and is benefical to technological optimization of dry anaerobic straw fermentation.

scholarly journals Effects of a novel thermophilic cellulose-degrading agent on the quality of compost and change in microbial community of garden waste

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouzhou Fan ◽  
Zhenzhen Jia ◽  
Yongshuang Li ◽  
Peng Lian ◽  
Xiawei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Garden Waste

AbstractKnowledge about the microbial communities in composting has advanced, but definitive knowledge concerning the application of actinomycetal communities in garden waste composting is still lacking. In this study, we compared the effects of amending compost with mixed agent M1 (five high-degradability strains) and other agents on the physicochemical indices and microbial community succession. The results showed that Pile A (only applying M1), exhibited a pH closer to neutral, the complete degradation of organic matter, and the highest remaining levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The seed germination rate, root length, and seed germination index values were significantly higher in piles amended with M1 and/or commercially available agents than in piles without exogenous microbial agents. Analyzing the microbial communities, these treatments were dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes during composting. The amount of Streptomyces was negatively correlated with the carbon/nitrogen ratio and positively correlated with total phosphorus and total potassium. Adding M1 increased microbial diversity, and the dominant microbial communities at the end of composting were similar to those found in the commercial microbial inoculum. Overall, agent M1 can shorten the composting process and increase the extent of degradation. This research provides additional insights into the potential function of Actinomycetes in compost ecology.

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