Role of Neuropeptide Y in Myocardial Contractility of Rats during Early Postnatal Ontogeny

Obesity is one of the main challenges of public health in the 21st century. Obesity can induce a series of chronic metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver, which seriously affect human health. Gut-brain axis, the two-direction pathway formed between enteric nervous system and central nervous system, plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of obesity. Gastrointestinal signals are projected through the gut-brain axis to nervous system, and respond to various gastrointestinal stimulation. The central nervous system regulates visceral activity through the gut-brain axis. Brain-gut peptides have important regulatory roles in the gut-brain axis. The brain-gut peptides of the gastrointestinal system and the nervous system regulate the gastrointestinal movement, feeling, secretion, absorption and other complex functions through endocrine, neurosecretion and paracrine to secrete peptides. Both neuropeptide Y and peptide YY belong to the pancreatic polypeptide family and are important brain-gut peptides. Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY have functions that are closely related to appetite regulation and obesity formation. This review describes the role of the gutbrain axis in regulating appetite and maintaining energy balance, and the functions of brain-gut peptides neuropeptide Y and peptide YY in obesity. The relationship between NPY and PYY and the interaction between the NPY-PYY signaling with the gut microbiota are also described in this review.

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A possible role of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein and leptin receptor isoforms in hypothalamic programming by perinatal feeding in the rat

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-004-1596-z ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 140-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

M. L�pez ◽

L. M. Seoane ◽

S. Tovar ◽

M. C. Garc�a ◽

R. Nogueiras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuropeptide Y ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Related Protein ◽

Receptor Isoforms ◽

Agouti Related Protein

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The Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Nucleus Accumbens

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7287

Author(s):

Masaki Tanaka ◽

Shunji Yamada ◽

Yoshihisa Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Nucleus Accumbens ◽

Neuropeptide Y ◽

Emotional Behavior ◽

Characteristic Functions ◽

Receptor Subtypes ◽

Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽

Fear And Anxiety ◽

The Brain

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), an abundant peptide in the central nervous system, is expressed in neurons of various regions throughout the brain. The physiological and behavioral effects of NPY are mainly mediated through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptor subtypes, which are expressed in regions regulating food intake, fear and anxiety, learning and memory, depression, and posttraumatic stress. In particular, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has one of the highest NPY concentrations in the brain. In this review, we summarize the role of NPY in the NAc. NPY is expressed principally in medium-sized aspiny neurons, and numerous NPY immunoreactive fibers are observed in the NAc. Alterations in NPY expression under certain conditions through intra-NAc injections of NPY or receptor agonists/antagonists revealed NPY to be involved in the characteristic functions of the NAc, such as alcohol intake and drug addiction. In addition, control of mesolimbic dopaminergic release via NPY receptors may take part in these functions. NPY in the NAc also participates in fat intake and emotional behavior. Accumbal NPY neurons and fibers may exert physiological and pathophysiological actions partly through neuroendocrine mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system.

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