scholarly journals Children’s Experiences of Stress in Joint Physical Custody

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Augustijn
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Family Dissolution ◽  
Care Arrangement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Joint Physical Custody ◽  
Physical Custody ◽  
Custody Arrangements

Abstract Background Joint physical custody is a parental care arrangement in which children live roughly an equal amount of time with each parent after family dissolution, residing alternately in each of the two parental households. Because joint physical custody is characterised by fathers’ continued involvement in their children’s lives, this care arrangement is believed to compensate for the negative effects of family dissolution, and to contribute to children’s well-being in post-separation families. Objective This study aims to investigate potential differences in the experiences of stress of children living in joint physical custody and sole physical custody arrangements, while considering both the proportion of time the children spend with each of their parents and the number of transitions the children make between the parental households. Methods Based on data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) study, a national convenience sample, linear regression models were estimated for 297 children between the ages of 11 and 14. Results The statistical analysis suggests that there was no significant association between the physical custody type (sole physical custody vs. joint physical custody) and the children’s levels of stress. In addition, the results revealed that children’s experiences of stress did not depend on how often they moved between their parents’ households. Conclusions This study does not corroborate the assumption that joint physical custody has a protective effect on children, but instead suggests that different physical custody arrangements are associated with different stressors that lead to similar levels of stress in children living in different post-separation families.

scholarly journals Mental Health in Schoolchildren in Joint Physical Custody: A Longitudinal Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Anders Hjern ◽  
Stine Kjaer Urhoj ◽  
Emma Fransson ◽  
Malin Bergström
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Maternal Report ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Joint Physical Custody ◽  
Physical Custody ◽  
Custody Arrangements

This study investigated mental health in schoolchildren in different living arrangements after parental separation. The study population included 31,519 children from the Danish National Birth Cohort, followed-up at age 11 in 2010–2014. Child mental health was measured with a maternal report of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Associations between living arrangements and mental health were analyzed using logistic and linear regression models, taking into account early childhood indicators of the parents’ relations, income, education and psychiatric care. At age 11, children living in a nuclear family had the lowest rate of total SDQ score, 8.9%. Of the children who had experienced parental separation, children in joint physical custody had the lowest adjusted odds ratio (OR)1.25 (95%-CI 1.09–1.44), for a high SDQ score relative to children living in a nuclear family, with adjusted ORs of 1.63 (1.42–1.86) and OR 1.72 (1.52–1.95) for sole physical custody arrangements with and without a new partner. An analysis of change in SDQ scores between ages 7 and 11 in children showed a similar pattern. This study indicates that joint physical custody is associated with slightly more favorable mental health in schoolchildren after parental separation than sole physical custody arrangements.

Verblijfsregelingen en welbevinden van kinderen : Verschillen naar gezinskenmerken

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
An Katrien Sodermans ◽  
Sofie Vanassche ◽  
Koen Matthijs
Keyword(s):  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sole Custody ◽  
Joint Physical Custody ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physical Custody ◽  
Parent Child ◽  
Custody Arrangements

Sinds 2006 werd het verblijfsco‐ouderschap na scheiding als voorkeursregeling opgenomen in de Belgische wet.Buitenlands onderzoek toonde aan dat kinderen doorgaans een hoger welbevinden vertonen in verblijfsco‐ouderschap dan in een eenouderverblijf. Deze studie onderzocht de relatie tussen de verblijfsregeling van 707Vlaamse kinderen tussen 10 en 21 jaar oud en hun subjectief welbevinden. Daarbij werd ook de rol van drie ge‐zinskenmerken bestudeerd: ouderlijk conflict, de ouder‐kindrelatie en de aanwezigheid van stiefouders. De datavan het ‘Scheiding in Vlaanderen’ onderzoek werden gebruikt. Er waren geen verschillen in subjectief welbevin‐den naargelang de verblijfsregeling van kinderen, onder controle van socio‐economische en demografische ach‐tergrondkenmerken. Bovendien was er geen modererende invloed van de drie gezinskenmerken op de relatietussen verblijfsregeling en subjectief welbevinden. Verblijfsco‐ouderschap lijkt een betere relatie tussen het kinden beide ouders te faciliteren in vergelijking met een eenouderverblijf. In verblijfsco‐ouderschap is er gemiddeldgenomen iets meer ouderlijk conflict dan in een eenouderverblijf, maar dit blijft beperkt tot een niveau dat nietschadelijk is voor het welbevinden. Abstract : Since 2006, a legal recommendation for joint physical custody in included in the Belgian custody law.Earlier research showed that children in joint physical custody have in general better outcomes thanchildren in sole custody arrangements. This study examines the association between joint physicalcustody and adolescent wellbeing and whether this relationship is conditioned by the degree of pa‐rental conflict, the quality of the parent‐child relationship and the complexity of the family configura‐tion of mother and father. We use from the Divorce in Flanders survey, and we have information on707 children between 10 and 21 years old with divorced parents. Overall, the subjective wellbeing ofchildren in joint physical custody was similar to that of children in other custody arrangements. Wefound no support for moderating effects of parental conflict, quality of the relationship with motherand father, and the presence of a new partner in the parental households. Joint physical custodyseems to facilitate a better parent‐child relationship with both parents when compared to sole cus‐tody. In joint physical custody, parents have more occasional conflicts, but this is limited to a levelthat is not harmful for children.

Profiles of Maternal Well-Being in Germany: Do Post-Separation Physical Custody Arrangements Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Claudia Recksiedler ◽  
Alexandra N. Langmeyer ◽  
Christine Entleitner-Phleps ◽  
Sabine Walper
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Custody ◽  
Custody Arrangements

Impact of family demands and family strengths and capabilities on family well-being and adaptation after critical injury

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Leske ◽  
MK Jiricka
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Strengths ◽  
Family Adaptation ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Demands ◽  
Index Family ◽  
Critical Injury

BACKGROUND: Increases in demands on patients' family members that are not reduced by family strengths may contribute to decreases in family adaptation and complicate patients' recovery after trauma. The purpose of this study was to examine family demands (prior stressors and severity of patients' injuries) and family strengths and capabilities (hardiness, resources, coping, and problem-solving communication) associated with outcomes of family well-being and adaptation. METHODS: A multivariate, descriptive design based on the Resiliency Model of Family Stress was used. A convenience sample of family members (N = 51) of adult patients participated within the first 2 days of critical injury. Family demands were measured with the Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes and the Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation III. Family strengths were measured with the Family Hardiness Index, Family Inventory of Resources for Management, Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale, and Family Problem Solving Communication Index. Family adaptation outcomes were measured with the Family Well Being Index and Family Adaptation Scale. RESULTS: Increases in family demands were significantly related to decreases in family strengths and family adaptation. Family demands scores accounted for 40% of the variance in family well-being scores. The only significant family strength variable influencing family adaptation was problem-solving communication. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in family demands seem to be an important indicator of the amount of assistance a family may need. Interventions that help mobilize family strengths, such as problem-solving communication, may be effective in promoting the adaptation of families of critically injured patients.

scholarly journals Impact of exposure to patients with COVID-19 on residents and fellows: an international survey of 1420 trainees

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-138789
Author(s):  
Anne L Cravero ◽  
Nicole J Kim ◽  
Lauren D Feld ◽  
Kristin Berry ◽  
Atoosa Rabiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Training Opportunities

ObjectivesTo determine how self-reported level of exposure to patients with novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) affected the perceived safety, training and well-being of residents and fellows.MethodsWe administered an anonymous, voluntary, web-based survey to a convenience sample of trainees worldwide. The survey was distributed by email and social media posts from April 20th to May 11th, 2020. Respondents were asked to estimate the number of patients with COVID-19 they cared for in March and April 2020 (0, 1–30, 31–60, >60). Survey questions addressed (1) safety and access to personal protective equipment (PPE), (2) training and professional development and (3) well-being and burnout.ResultsSurveys were completed by 1420 trainees (73% residents, 27% fellows), most commonly from the USA (n=670), China (n=150), Saudi Arabia (n=76) and Taiwan (n=75). Trainees who cared for a greater number of patients with COVID-19 were more likely to report limited access to PPE and COVID-19 testing and more likely to test positive for COVID-19. Compared with trainees who did not take care of patients with COVID-19 , those who took care of 1–30 patients (adjusted OR [AOR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.51), 31–60 patients (AOR 3.30, 95% CI 1.86 to 5.88) and >60 patients (AOR 4.03, 95% CI 2.12 to 7.63) were increasingly more likely to report burnout. Trainees were very concerned about the negative effects on training opportunities and professional development irrespective of the number of patients with COVID-19 they cared for.ConclusionExposure to patients with COVID-19 is significantly associated with higher burnout rates in physician trainees.

scholarly journals The Unknown Woman: Protecting Her Womanity as a Sine Qua Non to Preserving the Family Unit in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
T.A. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Superstitious Belief ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nigerian Woman

The family unit is the basic unit of society and same cannot (literally speaking) be birthed without the woman or its foundation concretized without her nurture. However, it seems from happenings in the Nigerian society that the Nigerian woman is faced with some challenges that endangers her well-being, her role as a vessel of demographic growth and her indispensable nurturing function in the home. Many of these challenges appear to be caused by the masculine gender. Though and sadly so in some cases as would be shown anon, women themselves are the harbinger of some of these problems. Canvassing the emancipation of the woman has been the focus of many female gender rights activists and this paper aims to contribute to same vide an examination of the challenges that face the female folk in Nigeria and in extension the family unit with its negative effects on the larger society from a social cum legal perspective or discourse. The spectrum of this discourse will traverse issues like abandonment, effects of superstitious belief in witchcraft, death in the course of earning a living, break-up of the family unit due to meddlesomeness of third parties, sexual violence against women and alleged complicity of law enforcement agents in shielding its perpetrators and a host of other varied issues.

Examining supervisor undermining through the job-demands resources framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 095148482110486
Author(s):  
Marilyn V Whitman ◽  
Russell A Matthews ◽  
Eric S Williams
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Introduction Supervisor undermining has recently gained increasing attention due to its negative effects on employee health and well-being. In the healthcare context, negative supervisor behaviors have been linked to unfavorable individual and organizational outcomes as well as medical errors and patient mortality. Our study, therefore, examines the influence that supervisor undermining behavior has on employee engagement and performance within a standard job stress framework. Methods Our sample consisted of occupational therapists, a health professions group who is growing in demand and importance in the U.S. and has unique job demands. Using an observational, cross-sectional study design, a convenience sample of 521 occupational therapists completed an online survey. A series of independent t-test and multiple-groups path analytic modeling was used. Results Participants who had a supervisor perceived as engaging in undermining behaviors reported lower levels of resources, higher levels of demands, less motivation, and more overload than those who did not perceive supervisor undermining. These participants were also less engaged and reported lower levels of performance. Conclusion Our results shed further light on the importance of supervisory behaviors specifically in a healthcare setting and the need for organizations to create an environment that promotes positive and productive workplace behaviors.

scholarly journals Combining Motherhood and Work: Effects of Dual Identity and Identity Conflict on Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Zagefka ◽  
Diane Houston ◽  
Leonie Duff ◽  
Nali Moftizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dual Identity ◽  
Applied Implication

AbstractThis study investigated whether having a dual identity as both a mother and an employed person constitutes a threat to well-being, or whether it is a positive resource. The study focused on indices of life satisfaction and self-esteem. A convenience sample of 208 mothers were exposed to a manipulation of identity conflict, whereby we manipulated whether working mothers perceived their identities as a mother and an employed person to be in conflict with each other or not. It was hypothesized that generally having multiple identities (as an employee and a mother) would be positively associated with well-being, that perceived identity conflict would have a negative impact on well-being, and that identity conflict would exacerbate the negative effects of identity-related stressors on well-being. Results supported these predictions. The applied implication is that policies that enable mothers to work will be conducive to maternal well-being, but that the policies must minimize conflict between demands associated with employment and parental responsibilities.

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