scholarly journals How Do Mothers’ Parental Attributions Affect Child Outcomes from a Positive Parenting Intervention? A Mediation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilas Sawrikar ◽  
David J. Hawes ◽  
Caroline Moul ◽  
Mark R. Dadds
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Parenting Intervention ◽  
Parental Attributions ◽  
Harsh Discipline ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractProblematic parental attributions refer to negative causal explanations for child problem behaviour and are known to predict parenting intervention outcomes. This study examines alternative accounts of how mothers’ problematic parental attributions, operationalised as negative pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions during treatment, may affect child behaviour outcomes from a parenting intervention program. Putative mediators included parental feelings about the child and use of harsh discipline. Participants were 163 families with children aged from 3 to 16 referred to specialist clinics for the treatment of conduct problems. Measures were collected as part of pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up assessments. Mothers’ pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions were associated with smaller improvements in parental feelings at the end of treatment which in turn were associated with greater use of harsh discipline. Greater use of harsh discipline was associated with greater conduct problems overall. Smaller improvements in parental feelings mediated the effects of pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions on outcomes in mothers’ use of harsh discipline and mediated the effects of change resistant parental attributions on outcomes in child conduct problems. Smaller improvements in parental feelings about the child may act as a mechanism that explains the impact of problematic parental attributions on treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals ParentWorks: Evaluation of an Online, Father-Inclusive, Universal Parenting Intervention to Reduce Child Conduct Problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-513
Author(s):  
Patrycja J. Piotrowska ◽  
Lucy A. Tully ◽  
Daniel A. J. Collins ◽  
Vilas Sawrikar ◽  
David Hawes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Parenting Intervention ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Child Behavioural Problems

Abstract Evidence-based parenting interventions are effective in reducing conduct problems, yet these interventions have limited reach, and few involve the participation of fathers. This paper describes the outcomes of an open trial of ParentWorks, a universal, online, father-inclusive parenting intervention aiming to decrease childhood behavioural problems and promote positive parenting in mothers and fathers. A total of 388 families (456 individual parents; 36.6% fathers) were included in the study. Mixed model analyses showed significant decreases in child emotional/behavioural problems, dysfunctional parenting, interparental conflict, and parental mental health problems. The baseline severity of child behavioural problems significantly moderated the effects on child outcomes so that children with higher levels of problems benefitted more from the program. Participation of both caregivers in two-parent families, as well as parent sex, did not significantly affect the program outcomes. Results provide initial empirical support for the universal, self-directed, online parenting intervention, in addressing both child behavioural problems and parenting outcomes. Trial registration: ACTRN12616001223426, registered 05/09/2016.

Discipline as a mediator of the impact of maternal stress and mood on child conduct problems

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Conduct Problem ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Child Conduct ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maternal Discipline

AbstractUsing a within-subject, time series approach, two competing models concerning the temporal relations between maternal distress (mood and stress), maternal discipline, and child conduct problems were assessed. Two measures of each of these constructs were collected at 10 assessment points, each separated by 3 to 4 days, in each of 10 single-parent families with a 4- to 5-year-old conduct problem child. After standardizing each of the measures over repeated assessment points in each family and aggregating the data across families, the models were tested using correlational and structural equation analyses. The fit of the data to the models supported the hypothesis that the association of maternal distress with child conduct problems is mediated by her disciplinary practices. On days when mothers reported more negative mood and stress, they were more likely to demonstrate poor disciplinary tactics. Temporal variation in discipline was, in turn, related to same-day variation in the frequency of child conduct problems. However, the model hypothesizing a direct relationship from maternal distress to child problems in addition to the indirect path through discipline was also supported, suggesting that maternal discipline is not the sole mediating variable.

scholarly journals Does child gender moderate the relationship between interparental conflict and child outcomes? Findings from the Danish Longitudinal Study of Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Baviskar
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Family System ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The hypothesis that child gender moderates the relationship between interparental conflict (IPC), conceptualized as a normative phenomenon, and child outcomes was evaluated using Danish mother data from the Danish Longitudinal Survey of Children (DALSC), which follows a nationally representative sample of children born in September-October 1995. IPC was assessed at age seven using a five-item scale measuring frequency of quarrels between parents on topics common to daily family life. Child outcomes were evaluated at age eleven using three indicators of internalizing (emotional problems, somatic symptoms, psychological symptoms) and two indicators of externalizing symptoms (conduct problems and hyperactivity). OLS regression analyses indicated, overall, that the longitudinal association between IPC and the chosen outcomes was weak and child gender weakly moderated the association between IPC and child outcomes. Specifically, gender differences were limited only to conduct problems after controlling for the child’s psycho-social adjustment and health characteristics, mother’s depressive symptoms and disciplinary behaviour and parents’ socio-economic status at age 7. Furthermore, contrary to expectations derived from the male vulnerability and differential reactivity models, the IPC-conduct problems association was stronger among girls than among boys. In general, IPC predicted a number of outcomes among girls but did not predict any among boys. These findings suggest that it is important in both academic and professional work to consider that the impact of IPC on boys and girls may vary depending on the nature of the conflict and the type of families affected by it. Furthermore, while IPC may not have a direct impact over time, its effects may continue to be felt through other elements of the family system, such as the parent-child relationship.

Paternal Antisocial Behavior (But Not Paternal ADHD) Is Associated With Negative Parenting and Child Conduct Problems

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1187-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn A. LeMoine ◽  
Abigail M. Romirowsky ◽  
Kelsey E. Woods ◽  
Andrea Chronis-Tuscano
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Parental Psychopathology ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Negative Parenting ◽  
Child Conduct

Objective: Parental psychopathology and parenting quality robustly predict negative outcomes among children with ADHD. Little research has investigated associations between paternal ADHD symptoms and parenting, though there is clear evidence linking maternal ADHD symptoms with both suboptimal parenting and child conduct problems, and considerable research supporting fathers’ significant contributions to their children’s development. Method: This cross-sectional study examined psychopathology and parenting in a sample of fathers ( N = 102) and their 5- to 12-year-old children with previously diagnosed ADHD. Results: Results suggested that paternal antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) symptoms (rather than ADHD symptoms) were robustly associated with child conduct problems, with an indirect effect through paternal negative parenting. Conclusion: This study suggests that negative parenting may be a potential mechanism by which paternal ASPD is associated with child conduct problems, and demonstrates the importance of considering co-occurring psychopathology in research examining adult ADHD, parenting, and child outcomes.

scholarly journals Parents' use of harsh punishment and young children's behaviour and achievement: a longitudinal study of Jamaican children with conduct problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Baker-Henningham ◽  
T. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Harsh Punishment ◽  
Child Conduct ◽  
Grade One

Introduction.Harsh punishment by parents is common in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), yet there is limited evidence from LMIC of the effects of harsh punishment on child outcomes.Methods.A longitudinal, prospective study was conducted with children with conduct problems to examine the associations between parents’ use of harsh punishment during the preschool years on child behaviour and school achievement in grade one of primary school. As part of an efficacy trial in 24 preschools, 225 children with the highest level of teacher-reported conduct problems were evaluated and their parents reported on how often they used harsh punishment. Outcome measures in grade one included child conduct problems by independent observation, teacher and parent report, child social skills by teacher and parent report, direct tests of children's academic achievement and language skills, and tester ratings of child attention and impulse control.Results.Children had a mean age of 6.92 years and 61% were boys. All parents reported using harsh punishment. After controlling for child age and sex, socio-economic status, parents’ involvement with child and maternal education, frequency of harsh punishment was associated with growth in child conduct problems by independent classroom observations (p  =  0.037), parent (p  =  0.018) and teacher (p  =  0.044) report, a reduction in child social skills by teacher (p  =  0.024) and parent (p  =  0.014) report and poorer attention during the test session (p  =  0.049).Conclusion.The associations between frequency of parents’ use of harsh punishment with their preschoolers with conduct problems and later child behaviour indicate a need to train parents in non-violent behaviour management.

Considering Culturally Relevant Parenting Practices in Intervention Development and Adaptation

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie I. Coard ◽  
Shani Foy-Watson ◽  
Catherine Zimmer ◽  
Amy Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Racial Socialization ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
Harsh Discipline ◽  
Black Parenting

A randomized prevention pilot trial compared caregivers who participated in the Black Parenting Strengths and Strategies (BPSS) Program with control caregivers. BPSS is a strengths- and culturally based parenting program designed to improve aspects of parenting associated with the early development of conduct problems and the promotion of social and cultural competence. Parenting variables included monitoring, positive parenting, harsh discipline, and the use of proactive racial socialization. Child variables included conduct problems and social competence. Relative to control caregivers, intervention caregivers used significantly more racial socialization strategies, positive parenting practices, and less harsh discipline. Also, despite caregivers' multiple risk factors, high rates of attendance and satisfaction were achieved. Results of this pilot support the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of a culturally relevant intervention program.

Efficacy of Crisis Intervention

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reisch ◽  
Petra Schlatter ◽  
Wolfgang Tschacher
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Step Therapy ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the efficacy of the treatment approach implemented in the Bern Crisis Intervention Program, where particular emphasis is placed on the remediation of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior, and depression, fear, and phobia are generally considered to be contributing factors. Four questionnaires addressing psychopathology, emotional well-being, social anxiety, and personality were administered prior to and after the treatment of 51 patients over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. The reduction of symptoms contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior was interpreted as indirect evidence of an antisuicidal effect of the program. Significant improvements were found in the psychopathology ratings, with depression and anxiety showing the largest reductions. The impact on personality and social phobia, however, was only moderate, and on average patients still exhibited symptoms after attending the program. This residual symptomatology points to the necessity of introducing a two-step therapy approach of intensive intervention targeted at the precipitating causes of the crisis, augmented by long-term therapy to treat underlying problems.

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