Detection of anthropogenically driven trends in Arctic amplification

2021 ◽  
Vol 169 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Pengcheng Yan ◽  
Taichen Feng ◽  
Fei Ji ◽  
Shankai Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Amplification

scholarly journals CAS FGOALS-f3-L Large-ensemble Simulations for the CMIP6 Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bian He ◽  
Xiaoqi Zhang ◽  
Anmin Duan ◽  
Qing Bao ◽  
Yimin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Model Intercomparison ◽  
Large Ensemble ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Ensemble Simulations ◽  
Polar Amplification ◽  
Intercomparison Project

AbstractLarge-ensemble simulations of the atmosphere-only time-slice experiments for the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) were carried out by the model group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (FGOALS-f3-L). Eight groups of experiments forced by different combinations of the sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentration (SIC) for pre-industrial, present-day, and future conditions were performed and published. The time-lag method was used to generate the 100 ensemble members, with each member integrating from 1 April 2000 to 30 June 2001 and the first two months as the spin-up period. The basic model responses of the surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation were documented. The results indicate that Arctic amplification is mainly caused by Arctic SIC forcing changes. The SAT responses to the Arctic SIC decrease alone show an obvious increase over high latitudes, which is similar to the results from the combined forcing of SST and SIC. However, the change in global precipitation is dominated by the changes in the global SST rather than SIC, partly because tropical precipitation is mainly driven by local SST changes. The uncertainty of the model responses was also investigated through the analysis of the large-ensemble members. The relative roles of SST and SIC, together with their combined influence on Arctic amplification, are also discussed. All of these model datasets will contribute to PAMIP multi-model analysis and improve the understanding of polar amplification.

scholarly journals The recent emergence of Arctic Amplification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark England ◽  
Ian Eisenman ◽  
Nicholas Lutsko ◽  
Till Jakob Wenzel Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Recent Emergence

Relative contribution of feedback processes to Arctic amplification of temperature change in MIROC GCM

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1613-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Yoshimori ◽  
Masahiro Watanabe ◽  
Ayako Abe-Ouchi ◽  
Hideo Shiogama ◽  
Tomoo Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Change ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Relative Contribution

scholarly journals Supplementary material to "The role of elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and increased fire in Arctic amplification of temperature during the Early to mid-Pliocene"

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Fletcher ◽  
Lisa Warden ◽  
Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté ◽  
Kendrick J. Brown ◽  
Natalia Rybczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Mechanism of Seasonal Arctic Sea Ice Evolution and Arctic Amplification

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Yul Kim ◽  
Benjamin D. Hamlington ◽  
Hanna Na ◽  
Jinju Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Turbulent Heat ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Downward Longwave Radiation

Abstract. Sea ice melting is proposed as a primary reason for the Artic amplification, although physical mechanism of the Arctic amplification and its connection with sea ice melting is still in debate. In the present study, monthly ERA-interim reanalysis data are analyzed via cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function analysis to understand the seasonal mechanism of sea ice melting in the Arctic Ocean and the Arctic amplification. While sea ice melting is widespread over much of the perimeter of the Arctic Ocean in summer, sea ice remains to be thin in winter only in the Barents-Kara Seas. Excessive turbulent heat flux through the sea surface exposed to air due to sea ice melting warms the atmospheric column. Warmer air increases the downward longwave radiation and subsequently surface air temperature, which facilitates sea surface remains to be ice free. A 1 % reduction in sea ice concentration in winter leads to ~ 0.76 W m−2 increase in upward heat flux, ~ 0.07 K increase in 850 hPa air temperature, ~ 0.97 W m−2 increase in downward longwave radiation, and ~ 0.26 K increase in surface air temperature. This positive feedback mechanism is not clearly observed in the Laptev, East Siberian, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas, since sea ice refreezes in late fall (November) before excessive turbulent heat flux is available for warming the atmospheric column in winter. A detailed seasonal heat budget is presented in order to understand specific differences between the Barents-Kara Seas and Laptev, East Siberian, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas.

On the emergence of an Arctic amplification signal in terrestrial Arctic snow extent

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (D24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debjani Ghatak ◽  
Allan Frei ◽  
Gavin Gong ◽  
Julienne Stroeve ◽  
David Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Amplification

The Role of Horizontal Temperature Advection on Arctic Amplification

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-54
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Clark ◽  
Vivek Shenoy ◽  
Steven B. Feldstein ◽  
Sukyoung Lee ◽  
Michael Goss
Keyword(s):  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Temperature Advection ◽  
Downward Longwave Radiation ◽  
Barents And Kara Seas

AbstractThe wintertime (December – February) 1990 - 2016 Arctic surface air temperature (SAT) trend is examined using self-organizing maps (SOMs). The high dimensional SAT dataset is reduced into nine representative SOM patterns, with each pattern exhibiting a decorrelation time scale about 10 days and having about 85% of its variance coming from intraseasonal timescales. The trend in the frequency of occurrence of each SOM pattern is used to estimate the interdecadal Arctic winter warming trend associated with the SOM patterns. It is found that trends in the SOM patterns explain about one-half of the SAT trend in the Barents and Kara Seas, one-third of the SAT trend around Baffin Bay and two-thirds of the SAT trend in the Chukchi Sea. A composite calculation of each term in the thermodynamic energy equation for each SOM pattern shows that the SAT anomalies grow primarily through the advection of the climatological temperature by the anomalous wind. This implies that a substantial fraction of Arctic amplification is due to horizontal temperature advection that is driven by changes in the atmospheric circulation. An analysis of the surface energy budget indicates that the skin temperature anomalies as well as the trend, although very similar to that of the SAT, are produced primarily by downward longwave radiation.

Exploring the representation of clouds and humidity in the Arctic with cloud-resolving simulations using ICON-LEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Kiszler ◽  
Giovanni Chellini ◽  
Kerstin Ebell ◽  
Stefan Kneifel ◽  
Vera Schemann
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Microphysical Processes ◽  
Mixed Phase Clouds

&lt;p&gt;The discussions around Arctic Amplification have led to extensive research, as done in the transregional collaboration (AC)&amp;#179;. One focus are the feedback mechanisms that are strengthening or weakening the warming. Several of these feedbacks involve moisture in the atmosphere in all phases. To understand these better we have been running and analysing daily cloud-resolving simulations. We performed these simulations for a region more strongly affected by the warming around Ny-&amp;#197;lesund (Svalbard), which is challenging due to its diverse surface properties and mountainous surrounding. We have created an outstandingly large data set of several months of these simulations with 600 m resolution, using the Icosahedral non-hydrostatic model in the large-eddy mode (ICON-LEM).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;To gain some understanding of how well the model can represent such a complex location, we evaluated the performance of the model. For this, we used a range of observations from the measurement super-site located at Ny-&amp;#197;lesund.&amp;#160;This included radiosondes [1], a rain gauge, a microwave radiometer&amp;#160;and further processed remote sensing data.&amp;#160;Combining the measurements and simulations enables us to provide thorough statistics for different variables connected to clouds and to establish an understanding of how well they are represented.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We show that the model is capable of simulating the two distinct flow regimes in the boundary layer and the free troposphere. Further, we found a tendency in the model to misrepresent liquid and mixed-phase clouds as purely ice clouds. Though the water vapour is well captured, we found further steps in the chain towards precipitation formation are insufficiently represented. Through the use of forward simulations and expanded model output, we can continue to get a better picture of possibilities to understand and improve the microphysical processes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This work was supported by the&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; DFG funded Transregio-project TR 172 &amp;#8220;Arctic Amplification &lt;/em&gt;(AC)3&lt;em&gt;&amp;#8220;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;[1] M. Maturilli, High resolution radiosonde measurements from station Ny-&amp;#197;lesund (2017-04 et seq). &lt;em&gt;Alfred&lt;/em&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;em&gt;Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam, PANGAEA&lt;/em&gt;, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.914973 (2020)&lt;/p&gt;

8. Arctic futures

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Klaus Dodds ◽  
Jamie Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Governance Model

‘Arctic futures’ discusses the future of the Arctic that starts in the Norwegian territory of Svalbard wherein the Global Seed Vault functions as an Arctic sanctuary for the genetic diversity of crops. The Svalbard archipelago is a hotspot of Arctic amplification as rapid warming has been keenly felt by the small community. However, the environmental changes, no matter how stark and widespread, will not dampen interest in economic development and strategic posturing. Arctic states and northern peoples remain eager to improve their social and economic conditions as well as adapt to ongoing climate change. The Arctic is a haven of international peace and cooperation as the Arctic Council is cited as a governance model that others could emulate.

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