scholarly journals Contrasting the Conceptualisation of Victims of Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation: A Case Study of Brazilians in Spain and Portugal

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-563
Author(s):  
Julie Lima de Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation

Child Sex Tourism

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization

If sex tourism is the dark, if debated, side of tourism, then child sex tourism represents the line in the sand that should never be crossed. While sex tourism involving adults provokes a variety of opinions and positions (Cohen, 1982; Oppermann, 1998; Kempadoo et al., 2005; O’Connell-Davidson and Sánchez Taylor, 2005; Sánchez Taylor, 2006; Day, 2007; Eades, 2009), child prostitution involving tourists is universally condemened and high-profile cases, such as the trial of Gary Glitter, point to the depths of public revulsion against such behaviour. The last 20 years have seen vocal campaigns against child sex tourism, resulting in changes in national legislation in many countries, statements and taskforces from the World Tourism Organization, the inauguration of World Congresses against the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and a universal determination to stamp out a crime and a moral outrage. Despite the public outcry and changes in legislation, however, child sex tourism continues and, in some ways, the moral indignation that the subject arouses obscures certain aspects of the situations in which children caught up in prostitution live and work. There is still a dearth of information about how children meet clients, what is expected of them and their paths in and out of prostitution (Montgomery, 2001a, 2001b). Their clients are even more unknown and there is very little research (as opposed to anecdotal) evidence that discusses their motivations, their modus operandi or their choices about which countries they will visit and where they can find opportunities for sexual activity with children (Ennew, 1986; Montgomery, 2008; for an excellent overview of the available evidence see O’Connell-Davidson, 2005). At both national and international levels, legislation to protect children, although much heralded, has proved inadequate, and left unanswered important questions about enforcement and practical help for the children affected. In this chapter, I examine the legislation in place to tackle the problem of child sex tourism, and contrast this with a case study from Thailand of a small community in which children worked as prostitutes in order to support their parents and themselves. In doing so, I am not arguing for any moral ambivalence or ambiguity in discussions of child sex tourism. Rather, I wish to point out the lacuna between those discussions and the lived realities of the children.

Sexual Exploitation in Language Impaired Girls and Women: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Kadish ◽  
Catherine Grimes ◽  
Mariam Vania ◽  
Connie Taras-Gold
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Language Impaired

Treatment of a Commercially Sexually Abused Girl Using Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Legal Interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Maureen C. Kenny ◽  
Claire E. Helpingstine ◽  
Maya Weber
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
Body Image Issues ◽  
Legal Interventions

This case study describes the use of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and legal interventions for a 16-year-old girl who was the victim of commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) and suffered from substance abuse, anxiety, and body image issues. Over the course of 1 year, the client was able to discontinue involvement in sexual exploitation, cease substance use, decrease her anxiety level, improve her self-concept, and reduce posttrauma symptoms. The case calls attention to the need for extended rapport building, flexibility in treatment, and tailoring manualized treatments. It highlights the path to CSE for one teenager as well as the resultant emotional and behavioral consequences. Given the extensive nature of her past traumas, case management was continued following the clients’ discharge from treatment to support her adjustment. These follow-up sessions were conducted about once a month and assisted with maintenance of treatment goals.

scholarly journals Funding and Capacity Building Fuel Cooperation: A Case Study of Counter-Force Networks Fighting Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Rodney Green
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Criminal Networks ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Political Landscapes

Historically, organizations combatting trafficking for sexual exploitation in India have struggled to cooperate. Due to the multifaceted demands of protecting vulnerable populations and confronting criminal networks, a lack of cooperation can lead to interventions that are ineffective or detrimental. Multiple case studies have indicated that there are three interrelated challenges that hinder cooperation: complex political landscapes, limited vision and funding dedicated to inter-organizational relationships, and a lack of expertise in particular disciplines. One case study indicated that coordinated funding and capacity building fueled sustainable cooperation to form a counter-force that can more effectively combat sexual exploitation and trafficking in India.

scholarly journals An exploratory case study on child sex tourism in a Pacific country: Samoa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lurlene Virginia Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Government ◽  
Embedded Case Study

<p>In 2006, The Committee of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, expressed concern about rising tourism in Samoa, and the possibility of associated sexual exploitation of local children. The Committee had recommended that the Government of Samoa devote further research to the sexual exploitation of children, including identifying its scope, and root causes. This thesis became a response to The Committee’s recommendation to Samoa. I carried this study out in Apia, Samoa (2009). It presented three research objectives as follows, 1) To report the scope of child sex tourism in Samoa, 2) To identify, and report on the root causes that contributed to child sex tourism in Samoa, and 3) To present a set of recommendations as a baseline foundation for policy, advocacy, and research. Methodology was a qualitative, single embedded case study. Data sources were mixed-method and multi-perspective, aimed at triangulation to enhance trustworthy results. Data analysis was inductive. Anecdotal evidence revealed child sex tourism is a serious problem in Samoa. Victims were girls and boys (including straight and transgendered ones), perpetrators were all male; preferential and opportunistic. The data revealed 10 root causes facilitating CST in Samoa, as follows: 1) Poverty, 2) Hospitality, 3) Philanthropic exploitation, 4) Marginalisation of boys, 5) Family under pressure, and family dysfunction, 6) Unsafe schools, 7) Ifoga, or the culture of shame, 8) Sex tourism, 9) Tourism was excused of any action, and 10) Lack of awareness about child sex tourism. Additionally, four substantial root causes were identified, as follows: 1) Complacency, 2) Attitudes toward data collection, 3) Child sex tourism had to be ‘proven’ by statistics, and 4) Perpetrators beaten and deported leading to under reporting. This was a first study in Samoa. The baseline results this study presents, are important for policy development, advocacy, and for the academic research community, offer a platform to build on, both quantitative and qualitative.</p>

scholarly journals Emotional Confrontation and Public Deliberation on Paid Sex. The Struggle between Disgust and Shame.

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Vanesa Saiz Echezarreta ◽  
Cristina  Peñamarin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Public Deliberation ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Public Issue ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

In this paper, we address affective and motivational aspects in relation to the controversy, which can be articulated around a mediatised public issue. We are interested in how emotions are a part of the experience and definition of a phenomenon that is seen as intolerable and forwhich intervention is demanded and the strategic appeal to an affective repertoire in reaching aposition on the issue. We analyse the systems of meaning and emotions mobilised in the currentcontroversy about prostitution and trafficking of persons for the purpose of sexual exploitation. The goal here is to grasp how the perspectives involved employ emotional strategies in which basic affective dispositions and transitory emotions intersect, and how this affects deliberation on the issue. Discourses and stories, as well as defining and framing the emotions of the actors in the controversy furnish emotional experiences to their publics, encouraging them to incorporatecertain rules of feeling that form part of the moral and ideological perspectives promoted. Methodologically, we use an ethnographic approach to follow the conflict and a socio-semioticdiscourse analysis. Our case study covers two linked viral campaigns in social networks (Hola Putero and Hola Abolicionista). The goal is to reflect on the way in which setting and affectivestrategies hinder resolution of the issue.

‘Bring Back our Innocence’. Protecting Children from Commercial Sexual Exploitation: A Case Study of Three African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufaro Audrey Mavunga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Commercial Sexual Exploitation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
International Laws ◽  
International Instruments

The focus of this article is on the commercial sexual exploitation of children with a particular focus on the use of children for the purposes of prostitution and pornography in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Uganda. The article examines the international prohibition of child prostitution and pornography and analyses the extent to which these three countries have implemented the relevant international instruments in their national legal order. The research reveals that South Africa has enacted estimable legislation that prohibits the use of children for the purposes of prostitution and pornography, whereas Zimbabwe and Uganda’s legislation warrants some refinement. In addition, research identifies some of the challenges these countries are facing in implementing the respective legislative frameworks and, to that effect, the article author seeks to offer recommendations for overcoming such difficulties. The extent to which the three countries have incorporated international laws prohibiting child prostitution into their national legislation is analysed.

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