Responses of soil microbial and nematode communities to aluminum toxicity in vegetated oil-shale-waste lands

Field experiments were conducted at Ashland Bottoms in northeastern Kansas and at Hays in western Kansas in 2001, 2002, and 2003 to determine the response of soil microbial and nematode communities to different herbicides and tillage practices under a glyphosate-resistant cropping system. Conventional herbicide treatments were a tank mixture of cloransulam plusS-metolachlor plus sulfentrazone for soybean and a commercially available mixture of acetochlor and atrazine for corn. Glyphosate was applied at 1.12 kg ai ha−1when weeds were 10 or 20 cm tall in both corn and soybean. Soil samples were collected monthly at Ashland Bottoms during the growing period for soil microbial biomass (SMB) carbon determination. In addition, substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and BIOLOG substrate utilization were determined at the end of the growing season each year at Ashland Bottoms, and nematode populations were determined at the beginning and the end of the growing season at both sites. Direct effects of glyphosate rates on soil microbial and nematode communities were also studied in a controlled environment. Values for SMB carbon, SIR, and BIOLOG substrate utilization were not altered by glyphosate. Nematode community response to the glyphosate treatment was similar under both conventional tillage and no-till environments. Total nematode densities were similar with the glyphosate and conventional herbicide treatments. SMB carbon and BIOLOG substrate utilization did not differ between tillage treatments. Nematode densities were greater under conventional tillage than in the no-till system. This study showed that soil health when glyphosate was applied in a glyphosate-resistant cropping system was similar to that of cropping systems that used conventional herbicides.

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Soil Microbial and Nematode Community Response to the Field Application of Recycled Bio-Based Fertilisers in Irish Grassland

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132212342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 12342

Author(s):

Anna Karpinska ◽

Demi Ryan ◽

Kieran Germaine ◽

David Dowling ◽

Patrick Forrestal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Health ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Community Response ◽

Field Application ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Nematode Diversity ◽

Healthy Functioning ◽

Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient routinely applied to soils as an agricultural fertiliser, frequently in non-renewable, inorganic forms. Finite reserves and growing demand for agricultural phosphorus mean alternative P resources need to be explored. Recycling-derived fertilisers (RDF) recovered from specific waste streams, using nutrient recovery technologies, have the potential to replace conventional phosphorus fertilisers used in agriculture. Healthy functioning soil microbial and nematode communities are essential players in maintaining soil health and nutrient status. Thus, it is important to assess the responses of these communities to RDF application. We compared soil microbial and nematode communities of conventional fertiliser and RDF treated soil, in the form of struvite and ash, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in a phosphate-fertiliser replacement value (P-FRV) field trial. Bacterial and nematode communities displayed significant changes under the different P fertilisation treatments, while fungal communities were relatively unaffected. Bacterial diversity was higher among RDF treatments than conventional treatments, while nematode diversity was reduced by one ash treatment. Available potassium and phosphate were the main drivers of bacterial community changes when analysed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), while available phosphate alone was the driver of nematode community shifts. Of the RDF, struvite products yielded the highest crop biomass, maintained microbial diversity and were associated with the least disturbed nematode communities.

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Exotic earthworms maintain soil biodiversity by altering bottom-up effects of plants on the composition of soil microbial groups and nematode communities

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/s00374-019-01343-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 213-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yuanhu Shao ◽

Weixin Zhang ◽

Nico Eisenhauer ◽

Tao Liu ◽

Olga Ferlian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Biodiversity ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Exotic Earthworms ◽

Microbial Groups

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The effect of combined application of Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 with soil biofumigation on soil microbial and nematode communities

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52941-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Na Jin ◽

Xiuliang Lu ◽

Xueyan Wang ◽

Qian Liu ◽

Deliang Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combination Treatment ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Combined Application ◽

Nematode Diversity ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Fungal Phytopathogens

AbstractMeloidogyne incognita causes significant damage to many different crops. Previous studies showed that Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 is a promising biocontrol agent. Combining it with biofumigation improved its efficacy against M. incognita. In the present study, the reason for the improved efficacy of the combination was investigated by analyzing its impact on both the soil microbial and the nematode communities in the field. The results showed that the combined application reduced root galls by 41% and its control efficacy was greater than each treatment alone. Cultivation-based analyses showed that the combination treatment affected the soil microbial community. Actinomycetes and bacterial densities were negatively correlated with the root knot score. In contrast, the fungal densities were positively correlated with the root knot score. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) results showed that the combination of S. rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 and biofumigation enriched beneficial microbes and reduced certain soil-borne fungal phytopathogens, thereby enhancing the efficacies of both S. rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 and biofumigation against M. incognita. And HDZ-9-47 could colonize in soil. The total abundance of nematode and plant parasites, the ratio of soil fungivore nematode to fungivore plus bacterivore nematode, and the nematode diversity indices all decreased with the combination treatment. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that combined application of HDZ-9-47 with biofumigation was a useful and effective approach to suppress M. incognita by manipulating soil microbial communities in field.

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