Technical and environmental efficiency of eco-friendly rice production in the upstream region of the Vietnamese Mekong delta

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 2401-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vo Hong Tu ◽  
Nguyen Duy Can ◽  
Yoshifumi Takahashi ◽  
Steven W. Kopp ◽  
Mitsuyasu Yabe
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Upstream Region

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS IN RICE PRODUCTION: A CASE STUDY IN TRA VINH PROVINCE OF VIETNAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
Truc-Linh Le ◽  
Nga Huynh ◽  
Thi-Thuy-Hai Luu
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Agricultural Cooperative ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Efficiency Estimation

Rice farmers do not recognize the negative impacts of overusing agricultural chemicals in farming activities on the environment. Hence, this study aimed to estimate technical and environmental efficiency for the rice producers in Tra Vinh province of Vietnam using the translog stochastic production frontier approach. Nutrients of NPK and pesticide cost were assumed to be environmentally detrimental inputs for environmental efficiency estimation. Empirical results indicated that the mean technical efficiency score was 0.74 showing technical inefficiency in the sample farms. The average environmental efficiency indexes were 0.55 for two detrimental inputs, 0.51 for nutrients of NPK, and only 0.10 for pesticide alone, indicating that the rice farms have huge potential to decrease the use of these inputs. The reduction in fertilizer, especially pesticide use, will help the rice farmers achieve higher profitability and be more sustainable. Regarding determinants of farms’ efficiencies, the regression analysis revealed that participating in agricultural cooperatives has emerged to be a favorable factor associated with technical and environmental efficiency, suggesting that the development of agricultural cooperative models should be prioritized to promote and encourage farmers’ participation. The present study results could be seen as key points for farmers' adjustment in rice production, leading to a safer environment and a driving force in the sustainable agriculture development in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.

scholarly journals Environmental efficiency of rice production in Vietnam: An application of SBM-DEA with undesirable output

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Truc-Linh Le ◽  
Thi-Thuy-Hai Luu ◽  
Nga Huynh ◽  
Rebecca H. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Undesirable Output ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Rice Production In Vietnam

Abstract. Le TL, Luu TTH, Huynh N, Chung RH. 2020. Environmental efficiency of rice production in Vietnam: An application of SBM-DEA with undesirable output. Biodiversitas 21: 2710-2715. In Vietnam, the agricultural sector is one of major sources of the country’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and over half of that comes from rice cultivation. This study evaluates the environmental efficiency of 400 rice farms in the Mekong Delta using slack-based measure (SBM) data envelopment analysis (DEA) with considering the total amount of CO2-equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions in the rice field as undesirable output. The findings revealed that the average environmental efficiency score of the farmers was very low, just only 0.461. Only 2.25% of the sample farms were environmentally efficient while majority of them (58%) obtained the efficiency values less than the mean indicating that their environmental efficiency needs to be further improved. The small rice farms were higher in environmental efficiency scores compared with large farms. The sample rice farmers who are members of agricultural cooperatives obtained a significantly higher environmental efficiency than the non-cooperative members. The estimated results of input and bad output excesses showed that about 1.35 tons of CO2-eq ha-1 could be reduced and an average of 54.18 kg N ha-1 could be saved in order to improve the environmental performance of rice production in the study area.

scholarly journals Environmental Efficiency of Ecologically Engineered Rice Production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vo Hong Tu ◽  
Mitsuyasu Yabe ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Trang ◽  
Huynh Viet Khai
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Environmental Efficiency

Climate Change and Profit Loss

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Huynh Viet Khai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
The Difference

The chapter aims to evaluate the profit loss of rice farmers due to salinity intrusion by collecting the information of rice production in three regions with the same natural environment conditions, social characteristics (e.g., the same social and farming culture, ethnicity, type of soil), and only differed with respect to the level of salinity in Soc Trang province, one of the most salinity-affected areas in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The study estimated the profit loss in rice production due to saltwater intrusion by the difference in rice profit between the non-salinity and salinity regions and showed this loss was about VND 9.3-15.1 million per ha-1 a year.

High-resolution mapping of flood and salinity risks for rice production in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Wassmann ◽  
Ngo Dang Phong ◽  
Tran Quang Tho ◽  
Chu Thai Hoanh ◽  
Nguyen Huy Khoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
High Resolution Mapping ◽  
Resolution Mapping

scholarly journals Unpacking the Processes that Catalyzed the Adoption of Best Management Practices for Lowland Irrigated Rice in the Mekong Delta

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1707
Author(s):  
Rica Joy Flor ◽  
Le Anh Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Van Hung ◽  
Nguyen Thi My Phung ◽  
Melanie Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Widespread Adoption ◽  
Technical Systems

Vietnam is supportive of the transition to sustainable rice production in the Mekong Delta. The national program promoted best management practices for rice production through “1 Must Do and 5 Reductions” (1M5R). This review traces the technological development and uptake of 1M5R in national policies and by end-users. We highlight the outcomes from various policy-supported initiatives and unpack plausible pathways that generated the widespread adoption of 1M5R in eight provinces in the Mekong River Delta: at least 104,448 smallholder rice farmers were reached, and 1M5R practices adopted on 113,870 hectares. The scaling of 1M5R was enabled through a convergence of different socio-technical systems with varied foci, including sustainability certification, contract farming, consolidation of production, and improved use of inputs, aside from the development of sustainable technologies. In addition, 1M5R was promoted with incentives generated by a World Bank project and other initiatives in line with a national policy of increasing the quality of rice production for national and international markets. The interconnections of varied socio-technical systems, enacted by different intermediaries, catalyzed the spread of 1M5R. The widespread adoption by smallholder farmers increased their profits and raised awareness across diverse stakeholder groups of the higher marketability of rice produced with sustainable practices.

scholarly journals The Effects of Climate Smart Agriculture and Climate Change Adaptation on the Technical Efficiency of Rice Farming—An Empirical Study in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Tam Ho ◽  
Koji Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Adaptation Response ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
The Individual

This study employed the propensity score matching approach to empirically assess the effects of climate smart agriculture participation and climate change adaptation response on the technical efficiency of rice production. Observational data were collected from in-depth interviews with 352 rice farm households in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The findings indicate that 71% of local farmers adapted their rice farming to climate change related to salinity intrusion and drought, while 29% of farmers did not. Additionally, only twenty-two rice farmers were typically chosen as participants in the climate smart agriculture pilot program by local government and institutions. The choices for adaptation response and climate smart agriculture participation are significantly influenced by agricultural extension services, belief in climate change, the area of farming land, as well as geographical locations (e.g., province and access to water sources). The results also reveal that climate change adaptation response, including climate smart agriculture participation, played a crucial role in improving technical efficiency of rice production by 13%–14% compared to no adaptation response. Regarding the individual effect of climate smart agriculture participation, participants could achieve higher technical efficiency by 5%–8% compared to non-participants.

Increasing profitability and water use efficiency of triple rice crop production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. NHẪN ◽  
L. V. HÒA ◽  
C. N. QUÍ ◽  
N. X. HUY ◽  
T. P. HỮU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Cropping Seasons

SUMMARYRice production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam is threatened by future water scarcity caused by changing rainfall patterns and increasing irrigation costs. To improve resilience of the triple rice farming system to future climate-related stresses, profitability needs to be increased through water use efficiency, fertilizer management and planting methods.During four cropping seasons in 2011–13, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation was applied in the triple rice production area within An Giang Province, Vietnam. An issue with the application of AWD is the prevalence of acid sulphate soils in the Mekong Delta. Three types of irrigation management were tested; continuously flooded (CF) where the water in the paddy was maintained at 5 cm; AWD where the water level was allowed to fall to 15 cm below the ground surface, at which point the field was irrigated until the water level was at 1 cm above the ground surface (designated −15 cm); AWD where the water level was allowed to fall to 30 cm below the ground surface before irrigation until the water level was at 1 cm above the ground surface (designated −30 cm). Two further experiments were also undertaken which examined the planting method (transplant v. direct sowing) and phosphorus rate on rice yield. There was no effect on yield caused by P fertilizer rate and irrigation management in any year, and there was no significant effect on soil pH or salinity caused by irrigation management. Overall net profitability was greatest for the AWD treatments because of the reduction in pumping and labour costs in the dry season. Transplanted rice improved yields, but the labour cost reduced overall profitability. The study shows that AWD (−15 cm) can be safely applied in acid sulphate soil areas within the triple rice areas of An Giang Mekong Delta and saved at least 0·27 of total irrigated water quantity used during three of the six cropping seasons. The increased profitability of the AWD rice production system will help to improve the resilience of triple rice cropping systems to future water scarcity.

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