Analysis of daily and seasonal variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for five cities of China

This study examines meteorological impacts on seasonal variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in southern Ontario, Canada. After analyzing PM2.5data at 12 cities in the region in 2006, we found that PM2.5concentrations were 30–40% higher in summer (7–15 μg/m3) than in winter (4–11 μg/m3). High PM2.5episodes occurred more frequently in warmer seasons. Analyses of surface meteorology, weather maps, and airflow trajectories suggest that these PM2.5episodes were often related to synoptic transport of pollutants from highly polluted areas in the United States. The southerly or southwesterly winds associated with midlatitude cyclones play an important role in such transport. A typical weather pattern favoring the transport is suggested. When it was hot, humid, and stagnant with southerly or southwesterly winds, the likelihood of high PM2.5occurrences was high. The Greater Golden Horseshoe and Southwestern Ontario regions had higher PM2.5(6–12 μg/m3annually) than the northern region (4–6 μg/m3), reflecting combined effects of meteorology, regional transport, and local emissions. In the future, PM2.5transport from the United States will likely increase in abundance because of possible prolonged accumulation at the pollution sources as the frequency of the midlatitude cyclones may reduce under climate change.

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CHARACTERISING SEASONAL VARIATIONS AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF AMBIENT PM2.5 CONCENTRATION BASED ON SHORT-TERM MONITORING IN DARKHAN CITY

Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences ◽

10.5564/pmas.v58i3.1031 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 18-27

Author(s):

Chultem B ◽

Sonomdagva Ch ◽

Byambatseren Ch ◽

Yutaka Matsumi

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Seasonal Variation ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Spatial And Seasonal Variation ◽

Pollution Research ◽

Set Up ◽

Term Monitoring ◽

Pm2.5 Concentration

The purpose of this study was to survey the seasonal variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and determine spatial distribution in Darkhan city. Air pollution research and reports have been few and far between in most of parts in Mongolia, especially in Darkhan with respect to quantitative aerosol particle concentration. In this study, we utilized “PM2.5sensor” to measure spatial and seasonal variation of particulate matter concentrations in the study area. The monitoring points were chosen by basing on their specific features and set up directly at ambience outdoor. In each season, we carried out measurement at 3 points, which covered the ger district and apartment district areas for one day. Whereas, at one point the ger district was sampled for 4 days in summer. Fine particulate matter concentrations were the highest in the ger district area because there are many households that use coal for their daily heating and cooking, and at the bared surface. As for seasonal variation, in winter pollution reached 400 times higher than other seasons. Furthermore, at the ger district area, PM2.5 concentration was as much as 20 times greater than other points and it was observed that this too had its impact on the apartment district as well. As regards the air quality index, the level of particulate matter in the ger district area is extremely unhealthy to hazardous in winter. While, good and moderate indexes were mostly identified at monitoring points during the springtime.

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