The impact of cancer pathology confirmation on clinical management of a family history of cancer

Abstract Background Current international guidelines recommend systemic hormone therapy (HT) to oophorectomized women until the age of natural menopause. Despite an inherited predisposition to estrogen-dependent malignancies, the guidelines also apply to women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of HT on mortality and risk of cancer in women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer. Methods A nationwide, population-based cohort was used to study women oophorectomized because of a family history of cancer (n = 2002). Comparison cohorts included women from the background population individually matched on age (n = 18 018). Oophorectomized women were subdivided into three groups: oophorectomized at 1) age 45 years or younger not using HT, 2) age 45 years or younger using HT, 3) older than age 45 years, and their respective population comparison cohorts. Results Women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger using HT had increased overall mortality (mortality rate ratio [MRR] = 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53 to 7.79), mortality because of cancer (MRR = 5.67, 95% CI = 1.86 to 17.34), and risk of overall cancer (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 3.68, 95% CI = 1.93 − 6.98), primarily reflected in an increased risk of breast cancer (IRR = 4.88, 95% CI = 2.19 − 10.68). Women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger not using HT and women oophorectomized at older than age 45 years did not have increased mortality, mortality because of cancer, or risk of overall cancer, but they had increased risk of breast cancer (IRR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.14 to 6.13, and IRR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.14 to 2.59, respectively). Conclusions Use of HT in women oophorectomized at age 45 years or younger with a family history of cancer is associated with increased mortality and risk of overall cancer and breast cancer. Our study warrants further investigation to establish the impact of HT on mortality and cancer risk in oophorectomized women with a family history of cancer.

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The impact of risk perception on emotional distress in individuals with a family history of cancer

Cognition Brain Behavior An Interdisciplinary Journal ◽

10.24193/cbb.2021.25.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 221-231

Author(s):

Andrada Ciucă ◽

Ramona Moldovan ◽

Sebastian Pintea ◽

Adriana Băban

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Family History ◽

Emotional Distress ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

History Of Cancer

Purpose: Understanding the factors impacting individuals’ emotional distress in the context of a family history of cancer is key in designing and implementing psychosocial interventions. Our study investigated the extent to which having a family history of cancer is associated with emotional distress and whether the perceived risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC) plays any role in this equation. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 253 individuals from the general population who volunteered to take part in this study. We assessed their family history of cancer and perceived risk for developing CRC, and assessed the emotional distress. Findings: Individuals with a family history of cancer have higher levels of emotional distress compared to individuals without a family history, t(251)=-10.16, p<.001. Our data show that risk perception to develop CRC moderates the relationship between the family history of cancer and emotional distress (β=0.38, CI=(1.68, 5.92), r2=0.24, p<.001, d=0.25). Conclusion: This study was aimed at corroborating the role family history of cancer and risk perception have in explaining the emotional distress associated with cancer. Our results contribute to a clearer understanding of the impact family history of cancer has on emotional distress and show that risk perception is key in this relationship.

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Risk of Second Cancer in Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors and Influence of Family History

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.70.9709 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (14) ◽

pp. 1584-1590 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Amit Sud ◽

Hauke Thomsen ◽

Kristina Sundquist ◽

Richard S. Houlston ◽

Kari Hemminki

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Second Cancer ◽

Second Cancers ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

History Of Cancer

Purpose Although advances in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment have led to improved disease-free survival, this has been accompanied by an increased risk of second cancers. We sought to quantify the second cancer risks and to investigate the impact of family history. Patients and Methods Using the Swedish Family-Cancer Project Database, we identified 9,522 individuals with primary HL diagnosed between 1965 and 2012. We calculated standardized incidence ratios and cumulative incidence of second cancer in HL survivors and compared the standardized incidence ratios of lung, breast, colorectal, and all second cancers in HL survivors with and without a site-specific family history of cancer. Interactions between family history of cancer and HL treatment were evaluated under additive and multiplicative models. Results Overall, the risk of a second cancer in HL survivors was increased 2.39-fold (95% CI, 2.29 to 2.53). The 30-year cumulative incidence of breast cancer in women diagnosed with HL at younger than 35 years of age was 13.8%. We observed no significant difference in cancer risk over successive time periods. The risk of all second cancers was 1.3-fold higher for HL survivors with a first-degree relative with cancer ( P < .001), with 3.3-fold, 2.1-fold, and 1.8-fold differences shown for lung, colorectal, and breast cancers, respectively. Moreover, a greater than additive interaction between family history of lung cancer and HL treatment was shown ( P = .03). Conclusion HL survivorship is associated with a substantive risk of a second cancer. Notably, the risk is higher in individuals with a family history of cancer. This information should be used to inform risk-adapted therapy and to assist in screening to reduce long-term morbidity and mortality in patients with HL.

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Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Family History of Cancer and Smoking Status Among US Adults

Annals of Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.08.025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 103-104

Author(s):

I. Jackson ◽

K. Okhawere ◽

G. Oboli ◽

A. Opiegbe ◽

O. Eromosele

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Ethnic Differences ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

Racial Ethnic ◽

History Of Cancer

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Family history of cancer in first degree relatives and risk of cancer of unknown primary

European Journal of Cancer Care ◽

10.1111/ecc.13485 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander L. R. Grewcock ◽

Karlijn E. P. E. Hermans ◽

Matty P. Weijenberg ◽

Piet A. Brandt ◽

Caroline Loef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Cancer Of Unknown Primary ◽

Unknown Primary ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

History Of ◽

Risk Of Cancer ◽

History Of Cancer

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Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Characteristics of Chilean Patients with Early-, Intermediate- and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10030631 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 631

Author(s):

Karin Alvarez ◽

Alessandra Cassana ◽

Marjorie De La Fuente ◽

Tamara Canales ◽

Mario Abedrapo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Late Onset ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

Molecular Features ◽

Age Of Diagnosis ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent neoplasm in Chile and its mortality rate is rising in all ages. However, studies characterizing CRC according to the age of onset are still lacking. This study aimed to identify clinical, pathological, and molecular features of CRC in Chilean patients according to the age of diagnosis: early- (≤50 years; EOCRC), intermediate- (51–69 years; IOCRC), and late-onset (≥70 years; LOCRC). The study included 426 CRC patients from Clinica Las Condes, between 2007 and 2019. A chi-square test was applied to explore associations between age of onset and clinicopathological characteristics. Body Mass Index (BMI) differences according to age of diagnosis was evaluated through t-test. Overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. We found significant differences between the age of onset, and gender, BMI, family history of cancer, TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors stage, OS, and CSS. EOCRC category was characterized by a family history of cancer, left-sided tumors with a more advanced stage of the disease but better survival at 10 years, and lower microsatellite instability (MSI), with predominant germline mutations. IOCRC has shown clinical similarities with the EOCRC and molecular similarities to the LOCRC, which agrees with other reports.

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