scholarly journals Exposure to Bullying and General Psychopathology: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolien Rijlaarsdam ◽  
Charlotte A. M. Cecil ◽  
J. Marieke Buil ◽  
Pol A. C. van Lier ◽  
Edward D. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractAlthough there is mounting evidence that the experience of being bullied associates with both internalizing and externalizing symptoms, it is not known yet whether the identified associations are specific to these symptoms, or shared between them. The primary focus of this study is to assess the prospective associations of bullying exposure with both general and specific (i.e., internalizing, externalizing) factors of psychopathology. This study included data from 6,210 children participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Child bullying was measured by self-report at ages 8 and 10 years. Child psychopathology symptoms were assessed by parent-interview, using the Development and Well-being Assessment (DAWBA) at ages 7 and 13 years. Bullying exposure significantly associated with the general psychopathology factor in early adolescence. In particular, chronically victimized youth exposed to multiple forms of bullying (i.e., both overt and relational) showed higher levels of general psychopathology. Bullying exposure also associated with both internalizing and externalizing factors from the correlated-factors model. However, the effect estimates for these factors decreased considerably in size and dropped to insignificant for the internalizing factor after extracting the shared variance that belongs to the general factor of psychopathology. Using an integrative longitudinal model, we found that higher levels of general psychopathology at age 7 also associated with bullying exposure at age 8 which, in turn, associated with general psychopathology at age 13 through its two-year continuity. Findings suggest that exposure to bullying is a risk factor for a more general vulnerability to psychopathology.

scholarly journals Palliative Care Research: Successful Recruitment and Retention Strategies of Patient-Caregiver Dyads

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
Lissi Hansen ◽  
Shirin Hiatt ◽  
Karen Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retention Strategies ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Successful Recruitment ◽  
Study Staff ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Research shows that the well-being of patients with serious illness and their family caregivers is significantly associated. Thus, to build the scientific knowledge upon which to establish high quality palliative and end-of-life care practices for these patients and their caregivers, research studies should include successful recruitment and retention strategies that focus on the patient-caregiver dyad. Aims: To review the literature focusing on successful dyadic recruitment and retention strategies and to describe successful recruitment and retention strategies, and attrition in a longitudinal study of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) patient-caregiver dyads. Methods: A five-year prospective longitudinal study of dyads included quantitative and qualitative data collected at 5 time points over 1 year: at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Results: Over a 32-month period 336 dyads were approached and 241 were enrolled. The refusal rate was 27 dyads (8.0%). Over the course of the study, 31 patients or caregivers withdrew for various reasons (too sick, liver transplantation). The attrition due to death of patients was 53 dyads (20.2%). Successful strategies used for recruitment and retention included tailoring to provider preference for referral, accommodating patient preference for data collection method, and having predictable and ongoing contact between a specific study staff and dyads. Conclusions: Less than 10 studies address recruitment and retention strategies most effective in dyadic research in various serious illnesses and clinical settings. Recruitment of ESLD patient-caregiver dyads is challenging. Future longitudinal dyadic studies of serious illnesses and palliative care may benefit from strategies learned from the current ESLD study.

The persisting effect of maternal mood in pregnancy on childhood psychopathology

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran J. O'Donnell ◽  
Vivette Glover ◽  
Edward D. Barker ◽  
Thomas G. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Maternal Mood ◽  
Prenatal Anxiety ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractDevelopmental or fetal programming has emerged as a major model for understanding the early and persisting effects of prenatal exposures on the health and development of the child and adult. We leverage the power of a 14-year prospective study to examine the persisting effects of prenatal anxiety, a key candidate in the developmental programming model, on symptoms of behavioral and emotional problems across five occasions of measurement from age 4 to 13 years. The study is based on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort, a prospective, longitudinal study of a large community sample in the west of England (n= 7,944). Potential confounders included psychosocial and obstetric risk, postnatal maternal mood, paternal pre- and postnatal mood, and parenting. Results indicated that maternal prenatal anxiety predicted persistently higher behavioral and emotional symptoms across childhood with no diminishment of effect into adolescence. Elevated prenatal anxiety (top 15%) was associated with a twofold increase in risk of a probable child mental disorder, 12.31% compared with 6.83%, after allowing for confounders. Results were similar with prenatal depression. These analyses provide some of the strongest evidence to date that prenatal maternal mood has a direct and persisting effect on her child's psychiatric symptoms and support an in utero programming hypothesis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of poor sexual well-being over 5 years following treatment for colorectal cancer: results from the ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) prospective longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e038953
Author(s):  
Jane Frankland ◽  
Sally Wheelwright ◽  
Natalia V Permyakova ◽  
David Wright ◽  
Nicole Collaço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

ObjectivesTo describe prevalence and predictors of poor sexual well-being for men and women over 5 years following treatment for colorectal cancer.DesignProspective longitudinal study, from presurgery to 5 years postsurgery, with eight assessment points. Logistic regression models predicted sexual well-being from presurgery to 24 months and 24 months to 60 months; time-adjusted then fully adjusted models were constructed at each stage.SettingTwenty-nine hospitals in the UK.ParticipantsPatients with Dukes’ stage A–C, treated with curative intent, aged ≥18 years and able to complete questionnaires were eligible.Outcome measuresThe dependent variable was the Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors sexual function score. Independent variables included sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics.ResultsSeven hundred and ninety participants provided a sexual well-being score for at least one time point. Thirty-seven per cent of men and 14% of women reported poor sexual well-being at 5 years. Baseline predictors for men at 24 months included having a stoma (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.20) and high levels of depression (OR 2.69/2.01, 95% CI 1.68 to 4.32/1.12 to 3.61); men with high self-efficacy (OR confident 0.33/0.48, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.61/0.24 to 1.00; very confident 0.25/0.42, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.49/0.19 to 0.94) and social support (OR 0.52/0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.81/0.35 to 0.91) were less likely to report poor sexual well-being. Predictors at 60 months included having a stoma (OR 2.30/2.67, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.34/1.11 to 6.40) and high levels of depression (OR 5.61/2.58, 95% CI 2.58 to 12.21/0.81 to 8.25); men with high self-efficacy (very confident 0.14, 95% CI 0.047 to 0.44), full social support (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.53) and higher quality of life (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98) were less likely to report poor sexual well-being. It was not possible to construct models for women due to low numbers reporting poor sexual well-being.ConclusionsSeveral psychosocial variables were identified as predictors of poor sexual well-being among men. Interventions targeting low self-efficacy may be helpful. More research is needed to understand women’s sexual well-being.

Adaptation to the birth of a child with a congenital anomaly: A prospective longitudinal study of maternal well-being and psychological distress.

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827-1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild B. Nes ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Lars J. Hauge ◽  
Tom Kornstad ◽  
Markus A. Landolt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

scholarly journals Exploring ADHD Symptoms and Associated Impairment across Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110256
Author(s):  
Ayako Niina ◽  
Olga Eyre ◽  
Robyn Wootton ◽  
Evangelia Stergiakouli ◽  
Anita Thapar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Adhd Symptom ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Cohort

Objective ADHD symptoms typically decline with age, but less is known about whether the presentation of specific ADHD symptoms differs across development. This study aimed to examine the frequency and associated impairment of specific ADHD symptoms in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. Method A prospective, longitudinal cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, was utilized ( N = 2,327). ADHD symptoms and impairment were assessed using the Development and Well Being Assessment at ages 7, 15, and 25. Results Specific ADHD symptom frequencies and their associated impairment varied across development for the majority of symptoms, although easily distracted was one of the most commonly reported symptoms at each age, and difficulty sustaining attention was consistently associated with high levels of impairment. Conclusion These findings suggest differences in the presentations of ADHD symptoms across development: current understanding of how ADHD presents in childhood/adolescence may not be generalizable to young adulthood.

144: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Quality of Life Following Radical Perineal Prostatectomy

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Yang ◽  
Matthew D. Young ◽  
Brian Calingaert ◽  
Johannes Vieweg ◽  
Brian C. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Perineal Prostatectomy ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal
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