scholarly journals Genetic variants associated with insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 883-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Venkata Kameswara Subrahman Lakkakula ◽  
Maheswari Thangavelu ◽  
Usha Rani Godla
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of euglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamp studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2619-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Cassar ◽  
Marie L. Misso ◽  
William G. Hopkins ◽  
Christopher S. Shaw ◽  
Helena J. Teede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Hyperinsulinaemic Clamp ◽  
Euglycaemic Hyperinsulinaemic Clamp

scholarly journals Selenium and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Current Knowledge and Future Directions: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (05) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Sharafabad ◽  
Jalal Moludi ◽  
Helda Tutunchi ◽  
Ehsaneh Taheri ◽  
Azimeh Izadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, is recognized by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Selenium (Se) potentially possesses therapeutic effects on PCOS due to antioxidant and insulin-like properties. This systematic review evaluates the potential role of Se in the complications of PCOS. A systematic review was performed on published studies reporting the effects of Se on PCOS. Three major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched until December 2018. A total of 7 human studies and two in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria. Two out of three case-control studies showed that serum Se levels tend to decrease in patients with PCOS. Of four studies that evaluated the impact of Se supplementation on insulin resistance, only one study showed protective effects of Se against insulin resistance. Two out of three studies reported the antioxidant effect of Se. Few studies investigating anti-androgenic effect of Se presented controversial results. There were three studies that evaluated the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of Se, of which two surveys indicated the lowering effects of Se on VLDL and LDL-cholesterol. The reviewed studies confirmed inverse relationships between serum Se levels and some androgenic hormones in PCOS. Se is able to attenuate insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. The available data are currently insufficient to support the protective effects of Se on PCOS.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Łagowska ◽  
Joanna Bajerska ◽  
Małgorzata Jamka
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objective: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation (alone or with co-supplementation) on insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: We performed a literature search of databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library) and identified all reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published prior to April 2018. We compared the effects of supplementation with vitamin D alone (dose from 1000 IU/d to 60,000 IU/week) or with co-supplements to the administration of placebos in women diagnosed with PCOS. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero) as number CRD42018090572. Main results: Eleven of 345 identified studies were included in the analysis; these involved 601women diagnosed with PCOS. Vitamin D as a co-supplement was found to significantly decrease fasting glucose concentrations and the HOMA-IR value. HOMA-IR also declined significantly when vitamin D was supplemented with a dose lower than 4000 IU/d. Conclusions: Evidence from RCTs suggests that the supplementation of PCOS patients with continuous low doses of vitamin D (<4000 IU/d) or supplementation with vitamin D as a co-supplement may improve insulin sensitivity in terms of the fasting glucose concentration (supplementation with vitamin D in combination with other micronutrients) and HOMA-IR (supplementation with vitamin D in continuous low daily doses or as co-supplement).

scholarly journals Overexpression of Lnk in the Ovaries Is Involved in Insulin Resistance in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Endocrinology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (10) ◽  
pp. 3709-3718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Hao ◽  
Feng Yuan ◽  
Chenchen Jin ◽  
Zehong Zhou ◽  
Qi Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Sh2 Domain ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) progression involves abnormal insulin signaling. SH2 domain-containing adaptor protein (Lnk) may be an important regulator of the insulin signaling pathway. We investigated whether Lnk was involved in insulin resistance (IR). Thirty-seven women due to receive laparoscopic surgery from June 2011 to February 2012 were included from the gynecologic department of the Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University. Samples of polycystic and normal ovary tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. Ovarian cell lines underwent insulin stimulation and Lnk overexpression. Expressed Lnk underwent coimmunoprecipitation tests with green fluorescent protein-labeled insulin receptor and His-tagged insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and their colocalization in HEK293T cells was examined. Ovarian tissues from PCOS patients with IR exhibited higher expression of Lnk than ovaries from normal control subjects and PCOS patients without IR; mainly in follicular granulosa cells, the follicular fluid and plasma of oocytes in secondary follicles, and atretic follicles. Lnk was coimmunoprecipitated with insulin receptor and IRS1. Lnk and insulin receptor/IRS1 locations overlapped around the nucleus. IR, protein kinase B (Akt), and ERK1/2 activities were inhibited by Lnk overexpression and inhibited further after insulin stimulation, whereas IRS1 serine activity was increased. Insulin receptor (Tyr1150/1151), Akt (Thr308), and ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) phosphorylation was decreased, whereas IRS1 (Ser307) phosphorylation was increased with Lnk overexpression. In conclusion, Lnk inhibits the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-AKT and MAPK-ERK signaling response to insulin. Higher expression of Lnk in PCOS suggests that Lnk probably plays a role in the development of IR.

scholarly journals Genetic Markers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Emphasis on Insulin Resistance

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuzhat Shaikh ◽  
Roshan Dadachanji ◽  
Srabani Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genomic Variants ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women of childbearing age causing not only reproductive but also metabolic anomalies. PCOS women present with ovulatory dysfunction, abnormal hormones, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, and hyperinsulinemia. It is a heterogeneous disorder which results from interaction of multiple genes along with environmental factors. Insulin resistance is a central key element contributing to PCOS pathogenesis and is further aggravated by obesity. Insulin regulates metabolic homeostasis and contributes to ovarian steroidogenesis. Candidate gene analyses have dissected genes related to insulin secretion and action for their association with PCOS susceptibility. Although a large number of genomic variants have been shown to be associated with PCOS, no single candidate gene has emerged as a convincing biomarker thus far. This may be attributed to large amount of heterogeneity observed in this disorder. This review presents an overview of the polymorphisms in genes related to insulin signaling and their association with PCOS and its related traits.

scholarly journals Local Cortisol Elevation Contributes to Endometrial Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 2457-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Qi ◽  
Wangsheng Wang ◽  
Qinling Zhu ◽  
Yaqiong He ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Insulin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context Endometrial insulin resistance (IR) may account for the endometrial dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Objective To investigate whether the abundance of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSDs) 1 and 2 and cortisol as well as the insulin signaling pathway are altered in PCOS endometrium and to clarify the relationship between endometrial IR and local cortisol. Design We measured cortisol and cortisone concentrations, 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2, and core insulin signaling molecules in endometrial biopsies collected from non-PCOS and PCOS with or without IR patients on the seventh day after human chorionic gonadotropin injection. We also studied the effects of cortisol on glucose uptake and the insulin signaling pathway in primary cultured endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). Results The cortisol concentration was elevated, whereas 11β-HSD2 expression was diminished in endometrial biopsies obtained from PCOS with IR patients compared with those from non-PCOS and PCOS without IR patients. The implantation rate was relatively impaired and the endometrial insulin signaling pathway was defective in PCOS with IR patients. In addition, cortisol attenuated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in EECs, which was mediated by inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and glucose transporter type 4 translocation via induction of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN). Conclusions Decreased oxidation of cortisol and defects of insulin signaling in endometrium were observed in PCOS with IR patients. The excessive cortisol level, derived from the reduction of 11β-HSD2, might contribute to the development of endometrial IR by inhibiting the insulin signaling pathway via induction of PTEN expression in EECs.

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