scholarly journals Factor Structure of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale in Treatment Seeking Adults with Eating Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Nordgren ◽  
Elin Monell ◽  
Andreas Birgegård ◽  
Johan Bjureberg ◽  
Hugo Hesser
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation

AbstractThe Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is extensively used as a measure of emotion (dys-)regulation ability in both clinical and nonclinical populations. This is the first study to examine the factor structure of both the original 36-item and short 16-item version of the DERS in adults with eating disorders and to test measurement invariance across diagnostic subgroups. The factor structure of the scale was examined using confirmatory factor analysis in a psychiatric sample of adults with eating disorders (N = 857). Four primary factor structures were fitted to the data: (1) a unidimensional model, (2) a six-factor correlated-traits model, (3) a higher-order factor solution, and (4) a bifactor model. Measurement invariance was tested for diagnostic subgroups of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and associations between factors and eating pathology were examined in each diagnostic group. Results indicated that a modified bifactor solution fitted the data adequately for both the 36-item and 16-item version of the DERS. A general factor explained most of the variance (86%) and reliability was high for the general factor of DERS (total) but lower for the subscales. Measurement invariance of the bifactor model was supported across diagnostic subgroups and test of factor means reveled that bulimia nervosa had a higher factor mean than anorexia nervosa on the general factor. The general factor accounted for a significant proportion of variance in eating pathology. Our results support the use of the total scale of both the 36-item and 16-item version among adults with eating disorders.

Measurement Invariance of Three Brief Emotion Regulation Questionnaires in People With and Without a History of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Kiekens ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Mark Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
History Of

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the factor structure and measurement invariance of three brief emotion regulation questionnaires in samples of young adults (17–30 years) with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI; n = 705–836). Results revealed configural, full metric, and full scalar invariance for the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale – Short Form (DERS-SF) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire – Short (CERQ-S). In addition, the CERQ-S also showed full residual error invariance. In contrast, the proposed factor structure of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) was not confirmed in either sample. Further, we observed that some items function differently for people who self-injure and people who do not, which could result in artificial differences being reported in use of cognitive reappraisal. While the current findings offer confidence that observed differences using the DERS-SF and CERQ-S reflect reliable discrepancies in emotion regulation processes between people who self-injure and do not, the validity of statistical inferences using the ERQ could not be ensured and need further psychometric evaluation.

scholarly journals Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Gender of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in Adolescent Psychiatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Keller ◽  
Inken Kirschbaum-Lesch ◽  
Joana Straub
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Specific Factors

The revised version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) is one of the most frequently applied questionnaires not only in adults, but also in adolescents. To date, attempts to identify a replicable factor structure of the BDI-II have mainly been undertaken in adult populations. Moreover, most of the studies which included minors and were split by gender lacked confirmatory factor analyses and were generally conducted in healthy adolescents. The present study therefore aimed to determine the goodness of fit of various factor models proposed in the literature in an adolescent clinical sample, to evaluate alternative solutions for the factor structure and to explore potential gender differences in factor loadings. The focus was on testing bifactor models and subsequently on calculating bifactor statistical indices to help clarify whether a uni- or a multidimensional construct is more appropriate, and on testing the best-fitting factor model for measurement invariance according to gender. The sample comprised 835 adolescent girls and boys aged 13–18 years in out- and inpatient setting. Several factor models proposed in the literature provided a good fit when applied to the adolescent clinical sample, and differences in goodness of fit were small. Exploratory factor analyses were used to develop and test a bifactor model that consisted of a general factor and two specific factors, termed cognitive and somatic. The bifactor model confirmed the existence of a strong general factor on which all items load, and the bifactor statistical indices suggest that the BDI-II should be seen as a unidimensional scale. Concerning measurement invariance across gender, there were differences in loadings on item 21 (Loss of interest in sex) on the general factor and on items 1 (Sadness), 4 (Loss of pleasure), and 9 (Suicidal Thoughts) on the specific factors. Thus, partial measurement invariance can be assumed and differences are negligible. It can be concluded that the total score of the BDI-II can be used to measure depression severity in adolescent clinical samples.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders and Non-suicidal Self-injury: Cluster Analysis Considering Eating Pathology, Emotion Dysregulation, and Negative Urgency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sónia Ferreira Gonçalves ◽  
Sofia Ramalho ◽  
Bárbara Machado ◽  
Ana Isabel Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Purpose:Research on the interplay between eating pathology, difficulties in emotion regulation and negative urgency is needed to better inform and tailor the current intervention approaches for patients with eating disorders and non-suicidal self-injury. The current study aimed to investigate the phenotypic characterization of patients with eating disorders and history of lifetime non-suicidal self-injury when considering eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating 73 patients with eating disorders and history of lifetime non-suicidal self-injury (14-55 years; 68 Female). A cluster analysis (K-means) was performed using eating pathology, difficulties in emotion regulation and negative urgency. Differences between clusters were explored on sociodemographic/psychological variables, distribution of the DSM-5 eating disorder diagnostics and past/current non-suicidal self-injury engagement Results: Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (n = 29) (moderate severity) was characterized by high levels of eating pathology, but moderate emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Cluster 2 (n = 29) (high severity) was characterized by the highest scores in eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency. Within this cluster there was the highest prevalence of patients with current non-suicidal self-injury. Cluster 3 (n = 15) (low severity) was characterized by the lowest levels of eating pathology, emotion dysregulation and negative urgency and included more patients with past non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion: The three distinctive profiles highlights the importance of emotion dysregulation and negative urgency as a personalized treatment target for eating disorders patients with current NSSI. Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Maciel Cancian ◽  
Lucas André Schuster de Souza ◽  
Victória Helena Pesenti e Silva ◽  
Wagner de Lara Machado ◽  
Margareth da Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation

Abstract Introduction: Emotion regulation can be defined as the process by which individuals manage their emotional experience. It has been demonstrated that deficits in this ability are associated with various psychiatric disorders. In this direction, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was developed to measure difficulties in emotion regulation. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the DERS. Method: A total of 377 individuals from the general population, selected by convenience, completed a sociodemographic form, the adapted Brazilian Portuguese DERS and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Factor structure, reliability, and concurrent validity of the adapted version of the instrument were investigated. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis replicated the six-factor structure originally proposed for the instrument and confirmed the acceptability of a hierarchical model where all DERS subscales loaded on a general emotion dysregulation factor. Internal consistency indicators had adequate values for the general factor and subscales. The positive association between DERS and DASS-21 scores supports the instrument's concurrent validity. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Brazilian version of the DERS is reliable both as a general measure of difficulties in emotion regulation and as a measure of the constituents of this construct. Future research should investigate the psychometric properties of the scale in clinical and nonclinical populations, with equal gender proportions and diverse backgrounds, and preferably employing longitudinal designs.

Pharmacotherapy for Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan McElroy ◽  
Anna I. Guerdjikova ◽  
Nicole Mori ◽  
Paul E. Keck
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Night Eating Syndrome ◽  
Night Eating

This chapter addresses the pharmacotherapy of the eating disorders (EDs). Many persons with EDs receive pharmacotherapy, but pharmacotherapy research for EDs has lagged behind that for other major mental disorders. This chapter first provides a brief rationale for using medications in the treatment of EDs. It then reviews the data supporting the effectiveness of specific medications or medication classes in treating patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other potentially important EDs, such as night eating syndrome (NES). It concludes by summarizing these data and suggesting future areas for research in the pharmacotherapy of EDs.

Epidemiology and Course of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Keel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
The Public ◽  
Purging Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Health Significance

The epidemiology of eating disorders holds important clues for understanding factors that may contribute to their etiology. In addition, epidemiological findings speak to the public health significance of these deleterious syndromes. Information on course and outcome are important for clinicians to understand the prognosis associated with different disorders of eating and for treatment planning. This chapter reviews information on the epidemiology and course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and two forms of eating disorder not otherwise specified, binge eating disorder and purging disorder.

Pharmacotherapy of the Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 416-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. McElroy ◽  
Anna I. Guerdjikova ◽  
Anne M. O’Melia ◽  
Nicole Mori ◽  
Paul E. Keck
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Night Eating Syndrome ◽  
Night Eating

Many persons with eating disorders (EDs) receive pharmacotherapy, but pharmacotherapy research for EDs has lagged behind that for other major mental disorders. In this chapter, we first provide a brief rationale for using medications in the treatment of EDs. We then review the data supporting the effectiveness of specific medications or medication classes in treating patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder (BED), and other potentially important EDs, such as night eating syndrome (NES) and sleep-related eating disorder (SRED). We conclude by summarizing these data and suggesting future areas for research in the pharmacotherapy of EDs.

scholarly journals The experiences and strategies of parents’ of adults with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Karlstad ◽  
Cathrine Fredriksen Moe ◽  
Mari Wattum ◽  
Berit Støre Brinchmann
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Adult Daughters ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Category

Abstract Background Caring for an individual with an eating disorder involves guilt, distress and many extra burdens and unmet needs. This qualitative study explored the experiences of parents with adult daughters suffering from anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa and the strategies they adopted. A subsidiary aim of the study was to explore the relationship between the caregivers’ perceived need for professional support and the support they reported receiving in practice from the health services. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 mothers and fathers from across Norway. Data collection, coding and analysis was conducted using the principles of constructivist grounded theory in an iterative process. The main concern shared by participants was identified by this process and their “solution” to the main concern then formed the content of the core category. Results ″Wearing all the hats″ emerged as the core category, indicating that the parents have to fulfil several roles to compensate the lack of help from health services. The three subcategories: “adapting to the illness”, “struggling for understanding and help” and “continuing to stay strong” described how the participants handled their situation as parents of adult daughters with eating disorders. Conclusions In daily life, the parents of adults with eating disorders have to attend to a wide range of caregiver tasks to help their ill daughters. This study suggests that the health services that treat adults with eating disorders should be coordinated, with a professional carer in charge. The parents need easy access to information about the illness and its treatment. They also need professional support for themselves in a demanding situation.

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