scholarly journals School Segregation Across the World: Has Any Progress Been Made in Reducing the Separation of the Rich from the Poor?

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gutiérrez ◽  
John Jerrim ◽  
Rodrigo Torres
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Poor Students ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

AbstractThe segregation of secondary school students into different schools has important implications for educational inequality, social cohesion and intergenerational mobility. Previous research has demonstrated how between-school segregation varies significantly across countries, with high levels of segregation occurring in central European nations that ‘track’ children into different schools and much lower levels in Scandinavia. This paper contributes to this literature by examining whether industrialised countries have made any progress in reducing levels of between-school segregation over time. Using six waves of data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), this work shows how the segregation of rich and poor students has remained broadly unchanged across OECD countries. This is despite major economic and political events occurring during this period, along with the introduction of numerous policy initiatives designed to reduce socioeconomic gaps. Therefore, the conclusions indicate that structural factors are likely to be the main drivers of between-school segregation (e.g. neighbourhood segregation or long-standing school admission policies) and that education policymakers may need to be much more radical if they are to foster greater levels of integration between the rich and the poor.

Gender, Parental Characteristics, and Financial Knowledge of High School Students: Evidence From Multicountry Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca G. Chambers ◽  
Carlos J. Asarta ◽  
Elizabeth N. Farley-Ripple
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Financial Knowledge ◽  
Literacy Assessment ◽  
School Students ◽  
International Student Assessment

This study examines the gender gap in financial literacy by using the Financial Literacy Assessment from the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The analysis focuses on the influence of parents on their children's understanding of financial concepts, utilizing multilevel modeling procedures to examine variance among students, within schools, and within countries. Based on data from 18 countries, results suggest that a gender gap in financial knowledge favoring male high school students is present and that parents may influence their children's financial knowledge.

Mexico education figures highlight need for reform

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
School Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Poor State ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Equity And Efficiency

Subject The state of Mexican education. Significance The OECD released its Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015 report on December 6. The triennial study evaluates the quality, equity and efficiency of school systems, and the latest assesses to what extent 15-year-old pupils have the necessary knowledge and skills to participate in modern societies. Impacts The report will trigger mutual accusations of responsibility for the poor state of education between supporters and opponents of reform. The effectiveness of reform will see uneven implementation and outcomes in different states. Consequently, Mexico will perform poorly in the next PISA test, to be published in 2018.

scholarly journals Literature Circle and Critical Reading Across EYL Learning Strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rachmajanti .
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Literature Circle

The results of survey of Program of International Student Assessment (PISA), it was evident that in 2009 Indonesian lower secondary school students’ literacy ranked 57 out of 65 countries obtaining 396 (compared to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/OECD scoring 493), and in 2013 achieved the same score while OECD increased, 496 (Indonesia Curriculum Document, 2013). Inasmuch as the empirical evidence, and a few studies on this, the study was conducted aiming at improving students’ critical reading through literature circle strategy adopting a quasi experimental design by comparing two strategies, conventional and literature circle, for two intact groups in post test at primary school implementing a blended curriculum (Tuckman, 1978; Creswell, 2008). The subjects were composed of 42 students of Grade 5, 5 A for the control group and 5B for the experimental one. The instruments used consisted of posttest for the critical reading competence, observation sheet, underlying relevant documents, interview guide, and questionnaire, and all were validated and tried out. Based on the results of t-test (.002<.05), it revealed that in the significance level of.05 the null hypothesis was rejected meaning that literature circle strategy was verified effective and meaningful in improving the students’ critical reading, specifically in making judgments and producing a summary. It is recommended that the strategy should be implemented as early as primary school, especially for the upper classes to improve their critical thinking for future life.   Keywords: Literature circle strategy, critical reading, across learning strategies, English for Young Learners

Schooling and Equity in Israel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yariv Feniger ◽  
Yossi Shavit ◽  
Shir Caller
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Graduation Rates ◽  
International Student ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Arab State ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
State Schools

Education in Israel is compulsory and free, from the age of three to the end of secondary school (12th grade). Compulsory education culminates in matriculation examinations that serve as the main criterion for enrollment in higher education. Although Israel is geographically small, and ethnic and religious subpopulations live in close proximity to one another, they are highly segregated both residentially and in schools. The Jewish and Arab school sectors are almost completely separate. Most Arab students study in Arab state schools, where the language of instruction is Arabic and the staff are Arab. Jewish students study in state, state religious, or independent ultra-Orthodox schools. The high degree of economic inequality in Israel is reflected in educational inequality, which is the highest among the countries participating in the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Inequalities between social strata are affected in part by the economic circumstances of families in early childhood. Inequality in educational achievement is particularly evident between Jews and Arabs but it is also prominent within each of these two societies. The public educational system is centralized and curricula are standardized, but religious Jewish groups enjoy considerable organizational and curricular autonomy. Arab state schools, in contrast, do not enjoy similar autonomy. Rapid expansion of higher education has contributed to a dramatic increase in graduation rates in all social categories but large gaps remain, especially along ethnoreligious lines, in graduation rates, fields of study, and quality of institutions attended.

Assessing local socioeconomic desegregation: The effects of successive decrees regulating school choice in the Belgian French-speaking community

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-268
Author(s):  
Julien Danhier ◽  
Nathanaël Friant
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Educational System ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
School Enrolment ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
The Government

Assuming that free school choice is one of the parameters contributing to segregation in the Belgian educational system, the government implemented decrees to alter school enrolment policies in order to regulate school choice. In this study, two statistical approaches (a ‘Lorenz’ index and a multilevel one) have been used to measure the evolution of segregation from 2006 to 2015 exploiting two databases (administrative student count and the Programme for International Student Assessment). The results do not provide any support to the claim that there has been a reduction in school segregation, and they stress that the decrees are inefficient concerning this objective.

Modeling Educational Inequalities: Class, Academic Achievement, and Regional Differences in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ela Ataç
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
International Student ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Entrance Examination ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
National University

As it has been realized that education is a key to a long-term economic growth and to reducing social and economic disadvantages, educational inequality and its reflections in the geography have become some of the major issues in many countries. Turkey is in many ways a good example to analyze the relations between class, education, and regional inequalities where education is strongly a class-related issue and there has also been a strong dimension of “geography” as far as the educational provision and performance are considered. The purpose of the article is to contribute to two debates on the relation of education and inequality in Turkey. One is a specific and practical way of understanding about the effect of socioeconomic backgrounds of the students on their educational achievement. The other is an understanding on causal relations based on socioeconomic variables and geographical variations and how these lead to or indeed are partly caused by regional inequalities in Turkey. Using the datasets of PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) database, the datasets of National University Entrance Examination and Census, the article finds that for Turkish students where (the region and the place of residence) and with whom (socioeconomic qualifications of parents) they live are the powerful indicators of academic achievement.

scholarly journals LITERASI MATEMATIKA SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PROGRAMME FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT (PISA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Janet Trineke Manoy ◽  
Marinda Rosita Sari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Mathematical Literacy ◽  
School Students ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Date Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Process

contenxts. This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy of class X high school students in solving PISA questions. Date collection wa carried out using tests and interviews. 2 questions level 4dan level 6 are given to students. Date analysis is based on PISA mathematical process indicators namely formulating, applying, and interpreting. The results showed that: in the process of formulating, students mentioned important information in the problem, how to slove it and what concepts would be used, as well as what was know and asked in the problem. In the process of applying students to design and implement strategies according to the information they have made, draw the required objects according to the questions given. In the process of interpreting, students explain the reasons why the conclusions they get are in accordance with the context of the problem given.

scholarly journals PROFILE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH HIGH MATHEMATICS ABILITY IN SOLVING SHAPE AND SPACE PROBLEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulia Putra ◽  
Rita Novita
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
International Student ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
School Students ◽  
Space Problem ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Mathematics Ability ◽  
Class Viii

This study aimed to describe the profile of secondary school students with high mathematics ability in solving shape and space problem in PISA (Program for International Student Assessment). It is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach, in which the subjects in this study were students of class VIII SMP N 1 Banda Aceh. The results show that in solving the problem PISA on  shape and space, high mathematics ability students were able to identify the problem by making the information known from PISA issues related to the shape and space content.Keyword: Profile, Problem Solving, Task of PISA DOI: dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.61.20

Research on Globalization and Education

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Spring
Keyword(s):  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
International Testing

Research on globalization and education involves the study of intertwined worldwide discourses, processes, and institutions affecting local educational practices and policies. The four major theoretical perspectives concerning globalization and education are world culture, world systems, postcolonial, and culturalist. The major global educational discourses are about the knowledge economy and technology, lifelong learning, global migration or brain circulation, and neoliberalism. The major institutions contributing to global educational discourses and actions are the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the World Trade Organization, the United Nations, and UNESCO. International testing, in particular the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), and instruction in English as the language of commerce are contributing to global uniformity of national curricula. Critics of current global trends support educational alternatives that will preserve local languages and cultures, ensure progressive educational practices that will protect the poor against the rich, and protect the environment and human rights.

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