Does Piped Water Improve Happiness? A Case from Asian Rural Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1329-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phumsith Mahasuweerachai ◽  
Siwarut Pangjai
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Piped Water

scholarly journals Does sense of ownership matter for rural water system sustainability? Evidence from Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara J. Marks ◽  
Kyle Onda ◽  
Jennifer Davis
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water System ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sense Of Ownership ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
System Sustainability

Community sense of ownership for rural water infrastructure is widely cited as a key factor in ensuring sustainable service delivery, but no empirical investigation has evaluated the relationship between sense of ownership and sustainability outcomes. This study examines the association between system sustainability and sense of ownership among households and water committees, using primary data collected throughout 50 rural communities with piped water systems in Kenya. Data sources include in-person interviews with 1,916 households, 312 water committee members and 50 system operators, as well as technical assessments of water systems. Using principal components analysis we create composite measures of system sustainability (infrastructure condition, users' confidence, and ongoing management), and of water committees' and households' sense of ownership for the system. All else held constant, infrastructure condition is positively associated with water committee members' sense of ownership, whereas users' confidence and system management are positively associated with households' sense of ownership. These findings stand in contrast with much of the published literature on rural water planning, which assumes homogeneity of ownership feelings across all members of a community and which suggests a consistent and positive association between households' sense of ownership and sustainability.

Digital Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-203
Author(s):  
Gedala Mulliah Naidoo ◽  
Magdalene Kevisha Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
South African ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Presence ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Digital Pedagogy

The South African basic education sector has been looking at adopting technology as part of their digital pedagogy; however, progress was slow since this was an overly ambitious transformation. Schools in rural communities lack infrastructure and basic needs like electricity, piped water, and ablutions. The COVID-19 phenomenon brought about the locking down, and physical distancing has further ensured that normal operations had to cease. The educational sector had to also cease physical engagement and turn to online teaching. A qualitative research method was used for this research. This chapter focuses on how teaching practices have been adapted to digital pedagogy and barriers play in successful teaching on digital platforms. The constructivism, two-way communication model, and scaffolding to provide conceptualised this research. Therefore, as part of a future study, it would be interesting to see how basic education maintains a digital teaching presence post-COVID-19 lockdown.

scholarly journals Joint water supply projects in rural Cameroon: partnership or profiteering? Lessons from the Mautu–Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) project

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidelis Folifac ◽  
Susan Gaskin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Development Corporation ◽  
Rural Cameroon ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Performance

The Government of Cameroon's lack of priority for rural water supply has motivated rural communities to harness their internal capacity and networks for self-help community water supply projects. The emerging paradigm of joint water supply projects between communities in rural Cameroon and large corporations, with both parties as principal beneficiaries (unlike self-help projects where the principal beneficiary is the community), is examined. Our findings, based on the Mautu community and the Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) joint project, suggest that this paradigm can be an attractive alternative for rural communities to gain access to piped water systems. However, to ensure long term performance of the rural community's distribution network, the more experienced corporate partner should negotiate a fair agreement, integrate capacity building for operation and maintenance, and include future growth and increased demand in the design of the community's network. Significant inequity during design of the supply to the two partners can lead to the dysfunction of the community system and trigger the perception of profiteering by the corporate partner resulting in subsequent vandalism. It is recommended that such joint partnerships be regulated and that local institutions working with rural communities should educate them on available support services.

scholarly journals Short communication: Microfibre pollution hotspots in river sediments adjacent to South Africa’s coastline

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1 January) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie De Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Coast Region

River sediment samples collected in the lower reaches of catchments along South Africa’s coastline have microfibre levels ranging from 0 to 567 fibres/dm3. This range is similar to those of sandy beach sediments along the coast. Much higher microfibre levels are observed in KwaZulu-Natal and the Wild Coast region, compared to the Cape South Coast. There is a significant positive relationship between river sediment microfibre levels, and the percentage of households in the catchment area that do not have access to piped water. The implication is that rural communities that rely on rivers as their primary or only source of water, including for directly washing clothes in, may be significantly contributing to microfibre pollution of freshwater aquatic ecosystems. If microfibre pollution is found to have ecosystem or human health implications such as chemical toxicity or fibre-induced mesothelioma, this will be detrimental to river biota and these communities.

scholarly journals Rural communities' preferences for arsenic mitigation options in Bangladesh

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Ahmad ◽  
Bishwanath Goldar ◽  
Smita Misra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Activated Alumina ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Survey Results

In the context of arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh, this paper analyses rural people's preferences for arsenic-free drinking water options. A particular focus is on rural households' willingness to pay for piped water supply which can provide a sustainable solution to the arsenic problem, and how the preference for piped water supply compares with that for various other household/community-based arsenic mitigation technologies. The analysis is based on data collected in a survey of over 2700 households in rural Bangladesh. Six arsenic mitigation technologies were selected for the study: three-kolshi (pitcher) method, activated alumina method (household-based and community-based), dugwell, pond sand filter and deep tubewell (handpump). The survey results indicate that, after taking into consideration the initial and recurring costs, convenience, associated risks and the advantages and disadvantages of each selected technology, the preference of the rural people is overwhelmingly in favor of deep tubewells, followed by the three-kolshi method. The analysis reveals a strong demand for piped water in both arsenic-affected and arsenic-free rural areas, and scope of adequate cost recovery. Between piped water and other arsenic mitigation technologies, the preference of the rural people is found to be predominantly in favor of the former.

scholarly journals Rural Water Collection Patterns: Combining Smart Meter Data with User Experiences in Tanzania

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Will Ingram ◽  
Fayyaz Ali Memon
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Water Collection ◽  
Sub Saharan

Water collection from piped water distribution systems (PWSs) in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa is not understood in much detail. Here, distances travelled to distribution points (DPs), volumes collected, times of day of collection, and the relationship between location of DP and volume dispensed are investigated in a rural community in Tanzania using a combination of novel smart pre-payment meters and results from surveys and interviews. Continuous availability of water through pre-payment smart meters is shown to eliminate queue time, freeing time for farming or schooling, and enhance revenue collection for service provision. 97% of users use DPs as a main source of drinking water as opposed to unimproved alternative sources, and 42% live further than 400 m from a DP. Collection occurs across daylight with greater volumes dispensed in the afternoon–evening due to free time from economic activities and children returning from school. A low mean daily collection of 47 L per household from DPs is approximated. Volume dispensed across different DPs over time shows no clear pattern. However, the volume dispensed is indicated by the number of households that use each DP. Increasing PWS capacity can accommodate for variable collection patterns, and help improve sustainability of rural water supply.

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