Computation of Microcanonical Entropy at Fixed Magnetization Without Direct Counting

Substantial progress has been made in double beta decay experiments in the past few years, including the beginning of sensitive new searches for neutrinoless double beta decay, and several additional positive detections of the two-neutrino mode by geochemical, radiochemical, and direct-counting techniques. This review discusses the recent experimental activity.

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Seasonality of Chesapeake Bay Bacterioplankton Species

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.68.11.5488-5497.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 68 (11) ◽

pp. 5488-5497 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

J. F. Heidelberg ◽

K. B. Heidelberg ◽

R. R. Colwell

Keyword(s):

Chesapeake Bay ◽

Vibrio Vulnificus ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Patchy Distribution ◽

Direct Count ◽

Large Fluctuations ◽

Percent Composition ◽

Vibrio Mimicus ◽

Direct Counting ◽

Choptank River

ABSTRACT Bacteria, γ-subclass of Proteobacteria, Vibrio-Photobacterium, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae-Vibrio mimicus, and Vibrio cincinnatiensis in water samples collected from the Choptank River in Chesapeake Bay from 15 April to 16 December 1996 were enumerated using a fluorescent oligonucleotide direct-counting (FODC) procedure. FODC results obtained using a Bacteria taxon-specific probe ranged from one-third the number of to the same number as that obtained by the acridine orange direct count (AODC) procedure. The abundance of individual taxa (per liter) ranged from 0.25 × 1010 to 2.6 × 1010 Bacteria, 0.32 × 108 to 3.1 × 108 γ-Proteobacteria, 0.2 × 108 to 2.1 × 108 Vibrio-Photobacterium, 0.5 × 107 to 10 × 107 V. vulnificus, 0.2 × 106 to 6 × 106 V. cholerae-V. mimicus, and 0.5 × 105 to 8 × 105 V. cincinnatiensis. The occurrence of all taxa monitored in this study was higher in summer; however, these taxa made up a larger proportion of the Bacteria when the water temperature was low. Large fluctuations in species abundance as well as in percent composition of Vibrio-Photobacterium occurred from week to week, indicating that localized blooms of these taxa occur. The cross-Choptank River transect sample profile of V. vulnificus and V. cholerae-V. mimicus varied significantly in abundance, and trans-Choptank River transect samples revealed a patchy distribution.

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Results Concerning the Evolution of Bacterial Population during the Malolactic Fermentation

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:4005 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ionel POPESCU-MITROI ◽

Marin GHEORGHIŢĂ ◽

Felicia STOICA

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Population ◽

Alcoholic Fermentation ◽

Malolactic Fermentation ◽

Bacterial Density ◽

Red Wines ◽

Decline Phase ◽

Population Evolution ◽

Counting Methods ◽

Direct Counting ◽

Lactic Bacteria

During this experiment, the evolution of inner lactic bacteria microflora was monitored, during a spontaneous and conducted malolactic fermentation developed in the fall of the year 2006 at red wines obtained in Minis – Maderat wine yard. Thereby was monitored the bacterial population evolution, immediately after finishing the alcoholic fermentation (before developing the malolactic fermentation), through standard cultural method and through direct counting methods (counting with Thoma board and counting through Breed method). Results show that wines, at the end of alcoholic fermentation present bacterial loads between 102 and 104 cells/ml, after which in the exponential growing phase of the lactic bacteria registered at 5 days after sowing the selected malolactic bacteria, the bacterial density of wines to grow to 106 – 107 cells/ml, and at the end of malolactic fermentation, which matches the decline phase of lactic bacteria, the bacterial density of wines to get back to 105 cells/ml.

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Kinetics of Fertilization in the Sea Urchin: A Comparison of Methods

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.52.2.455 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 455-468

Author(s):

R. PRESLEY ◽

P. F. BAKER

Keyword(s):

Sea Urchin ◽

Uranyl Nitrate ◽

Sea Water ◽

Fertilization Rate ◽

The Other ◽

Jelly Coat ◽

Cortical Responses ◽

Direct Counting ◽

Further Development ◽

Kinetics Of

1. A method is described for the direct counting of male pronuclei in recently fertilized sea-urchin eggs. 2. Using this method, fertilization rate determinations were made to compare 30% artificial sea water (A.S.W.), isotonic KCl, sea water containing lauryl sulphate, calcium-free and magnesium-free A.S.W. containing EDTA, and sea water containing uranyl nitrate, as agents blocking fertilization but permitting further development of previously fertilized eggs. 3. 30% A.S.W. was found to be less satisfactory than the other agents, lacking instant effect, and tending to promote polyspermy. The other agents all gave sigmoid rate curves, that of uranyl nitrate lagging 15-25 sec. behind the others. 4. Evidence was found that uranyl nitrate acts at a later stage in fertilization than the other agents. 5. Sigmoid rate curves were found, except with 30% A.S.W., when eggs with the bulk of the jelly coat removed, and nicotine-treated eggs, were fertilized. 6. Analysis of sperm distribution among eggs from samples fertilized for more than 40 sec. confirmed that re-fertilization takes place at a lower rate than primary fertilization. 7. The processes blocked by KCl and uranyl nitrate were found to precede the cortical responses to fertilization, and the termination of nicotine sensitivity.

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Non-Concordance of Radiocarbon and Amino Acid Racemization Deduced Age Estimates on Human Bone

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s003382220000597x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 647-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

R E Taylor

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Aspartic Acid ◽

Human Bone ◽

Amino Acid Racemization ◽

Aspartic Acid Racemization ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Direct Counting ◽

Organic Fractions ◽

Skeletal Samples ◽

Age Estimates

Radiocarbon determinations, employing both decay and direct counting, were obtained on various organic fractions of four human skeletal samples previously assigned ages ranging from 28,000 to 70,000 years on the basis of their D/L aspartic acid racemization values. In all four cases, the 14C values require an order of magnitude reduction in age.

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(Invited) Full Atomistic Kinetic Monte Carlo with Direct Counting Approach for Ion Dynamics in Electrochemical Cells

ECS Meeting Abstracts ◽

10.1149/ma2018-01/11/958 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Kinetic Monte Carlo ◽

Electrochemical Cells ◽

Ion Dynamics ◽

Counting Approach ◽

Direct Counting

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Class-I human leukocyte alleles in leprosy patients from Southern Brazil

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822011000500018 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 616-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Danilo Santana Alessio Franceschi ◽

Luiza Tamie Tsuneto ◽

Priscila Saamara Mazini ◽

William Sergio do Sacramento ◽

Pâmela Guimarães Reis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Leukocyte ◽

Hla Class I ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Class I ◽

Control Group ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Hla Genotyping ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Direct Counting

INTRODUCTION: The present study was designed to investigate a possible role of HLA (histocompatibility leucocyte antigen) class-I alleles (HLA-A, -B, and -C) in leprosy patients from Southern Brazil. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-five patients with leprosy and 450 individuals for the control group were involved in this research. HLA genotyping was performed through PCR-SSO protocols (One Lambda, USA); the frequency of these alleles was calculated in each group by direct counting, and the frequencies were then compared. RESULTS: There was an association between HLA-A*11 (6.9% vs 4.1%, p=0.0345, OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.05-2.81), HLA-B*38 (2.7% vs. 1.1%, p=0.0402, OR=2.44, 95% CI=1.05-5.69), HLA-C*12 (9.4% vs. 5.4%, p=0.01, OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.17-2.82), and HLA-C*16 (3.1% vs. 6.5%, p=0.0124, OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.26-0.85) and leprosy per se. In addition, HLA-B*35, HLA-C*04, and HLA-C*07 frequencies were different between lepromatous (LL) and tuberculoid (TT) patients. However, after adjusting for the number of alleles compared, Pc values became nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Although our results do not support the previous findings that HLA class-I alleles play a role in leprosy pathogenesis, we suggest new studies because of the importance of the association between the HLA and KIR in the innate immune response to leprosy.

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Estimated population size of two South American sea lion male haulouts from the northern coast of Argentina

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2015-0147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gisela Giardino ◽

Julián Bastida ◽

M. Agustina Mandiola ◽

Ricardo Bastida ◽

Diego Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Population Size ◽

Wild Population ◽

South American ◽

Northern Coast ◽

Sea Lion ◽

South American Sea Lion ◽

Conservation Measures ◽

Real Size ◽

Direct Counting ◽

Management And Conservation

AbstractKnowledge of the real size of any wild population is an essential tool to take management and conservation measures and even more so when the population studied may have potential conflicts with humans. Because of this, the objective of this study was to estimate the population size of two South American sea lion male haul-outs using mark-resighting techniques. The results showed that on average, the estimated total number of animals tripled the number of animals recorded by direct counting. These findings demonstrate that it is necessary to continue researching population estimate methods to apply when taking conservation measures in the future.

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