The Association of Gestational Weight Gain with Birth Weight in Obese Pregnant Women by Obesity Class and Diabetic Status: A Population-Based Historical Cohort Study

Abstract BACKGROUND: This study evaluate the influence of weight gain of pregnant women under different clinical conditions (Tobacco, Diabetes mellitus (DM), Hypertension, Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and Control) on the birth weight of newborns. METHODS: This is an observational, longitudinal study nested in a prospective controlled cohort and conducted from 2011 to 2016 in three hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre (Brazil). Sociodemographic, prenatal (maternal gestational weight gain, among others) and perinatal (birth weight) data from 372 mother-child pairs were analyzed. Pearson's correlation was used to verify the relationship between gestational weight gain and birth weight. Multivariate regression was performed to determine the association between maternal weight gain in the presence of various health conditions and birth weight. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in gestational weight gain in different health condition groups (p=0.092). However, women in the Hypertension group had a tendency to gain more weight (p = 0.097). Mothers in the intrauterine growth restriction group gained less weight. A positive correlation was observed between gestational weight gain and birth weight in the Tobacco (p = 0.003) and Control (p =0.001) groups, which remained positive only in the Control group after adjustment (p<0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Only weight gain in pregnant women without clinical changes during pregnancy seemed to influence the weight of the newborn. It is assumed that other factors, such as metabolic or nutritional, present among smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive or with intrauterine growth restriction pregnant women have different modulations on the intrauterine environment and, therefore, exert a different influence on fetal growth.

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Interaction Between Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain to Newborn Outcomes: Results From the VDPM Cohort Study in Indonesia

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab046_067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 770-770

Author(s):

Dyah Ayu Larasati Kisworo Putri ◽

Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto ◽

Arif Sabta Aji

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Newborn Outcomes

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction between pre-pregnancy body mass index (PP BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), and newborn outcomes among pregnant mothers in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Methods This VDPM cohort study was conducted from September 2017 to March 2018 in West Sumatra, Indonesia. We obtained 195 healthy mother-infant pairs. GWG status created by comparing PP BMI and GWG guidelines based on the World Health Organization (WHO). Newborn birth weight, birth length, and head circumference were taken immediately after delivery as pregnancy outcomes. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze bivariate and multivariate analysis to assess the interaction between PP BMI and gestational weight gain in pregnancy outcomes with adjusting potential confounders. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered as a significant association. Results Of the 195 mother-infant pairs (Mean 29.66 years) included in the main sample, Most of the mothers had 46.7% normal PP BMI with most of them had an inadequate GWG status during pregnancy with 53.3%. Adequate and excessive GWG statuses were 34.4% and 12.3%, respectively. There was a significant association between PP BMI and GWG (p < 0.01). This study had no interaction between PP BMI and GWG to the newborn outcomes (p > 0.05). Adverse newborn outcomes were not statistically significant among groups. However, mothers who had inadequate GWG status may have significant lower birth weight and head circumference compared to normal and excessive GWG status (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study had no interaction between PP BMI and GWG status to newborn outcomes. However, the GWG status associated with newborn outcomes in birth weight and head circumference level. Further prospective studies with a larger number are required to confirm this finding. Funding Sources Indonesian Danone Institute Foundation.

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Gestational Weight Gain among Healthy Pregnant Women from Asia in Comparison with Institute of Medicine (IOM) Guidelines-2009: A Systematic Review

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2019/3849596 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Priyanka Arora ◽

Bani Tamber Aeri

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Age ◽

The United States ◽

Asian Women ◽

Institute Of Medicine ◽

Gestational Weight

In 1990, Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) ranges for women in the United States primarily to improve infant birth weight. Changes in key aspects of reproductive health of women of child bearing age, a rising prevalence of obesity, and noncommunicable diseases prompted the revision of IOM guidelines in 2009. However, there is no such recommendation available for Asian women. This systematic review assesses the utility of IOM-2009 guidelines among Indian and other Asian pregnant women in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. 624 citations were identified using PubMed and Google Scholar, out of which 13 were included. Prospective/retrospective studies of healthy Asian women with a singleton pregnancy which specifically examined fetal-maternal outcomes relative to IOM-2009 guidelines were included. Results. Majority of pregnant Indian women achieved less GWG than the recommendations whereas a mixed trend was noticed among the other Asian pregnant women. The most common fetal-maternal complications among the excessive GWG women were found to be macrosomia, large for gestational age and caesarean section followed by gestational diabetes and hypertension, whereas low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm birth, was found to be associated with low GWG women. The findings highlight the need for appropriate GWG limits across the different body mass index levels specifically for Indians and other Asian population. However, there are not enough publications regarding the utility of IOM-2009 guidelines among the Indian and other Asian women. Thus, higher-quality researches are warranted in future to further validate the findings of the present review.

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