Discovery of molecular markers for Fusarium wilt via transcriptome sequencing of chickpea cultivars

Genomics is a discipline in genetics that studies the genome composition of organisms and the precise structure of genes and their expression and regulation. Genomics research has resolved many problems where other biological methods have failed. Here, we summarize advances in aquatic plant genomics with a focus on molecular markers, the genes related to photosynthesis and stress tolerance, comparative study of genomes and genome/transcriptome sequencing technology.

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Temperature Response of Chickpea Cultivars to Races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, Causal Agent of Fusarium Wilt

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0365 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 365-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Blanca B. Landa ◽

Juan A. Navas-Cortés ◽

María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco ◽

Jaacov Katan ◽

Baruch Retig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Temperature Response ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

High Level ◽

Moderately Resistant ◽

Chickpea Cultivars

Use of resistant cultivars and adjustment of sowing dates are important measures for management of Fusarium wilt in chickpeas (Cicer arietinum). In this study, we examined the effect of temperature on resistance of chickpea cultivars to Fusarium wilt caused by various races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Greenhouse experiments indicated that the chickpea cultivar Ayala was moderately resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris when inoculated plants were maintained at a day/night temperature regime of 24/21°C but was highly susceptible to the pathogen at 27/25°C. Field experiments in Israel over three consecutive years indicated that the high level of resistance of Ayala to Fusarium wilt when sown in mid- to late January differed from a moderately susceptible reaction under warmer temperatures when sowing was delayed to late February or early March. Experiments in growth chambers showed that a temperature increase of 3°C from 24 to 27°C was sufficient for the resistance reaction of cultivars Ayala and PV-1 to race 1A of the pathogen to shift from moderately or highly resistant at constant 24°C to highly susceptible at 27°C. A similar but less pronounced effect was found when Ayala plants were inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 6. Conversely, the reaction of cultivar JG-62 to races 1A and 6 was not influenced by temperature, but less disease developed on JG-62 plants inoculated with a variant of race 5 of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris at 27°C compared with plants inoculated at 24°C. These results indicate the importance of appropriate adjustment of temperature in tests for characterizing the resistance reactions of chickpea cultivars to the pathogen, as well as when determining the races of isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Results from this study may influence choice of sowing date and use of chickpea cultivars for management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea.

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Breeding for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt of Tomato: A Review

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12111673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1673

Author(s):

Jessica Chitwood-Brown ◽

Gary E. Vallad ◽

Tong Geon Lee ◽

Samuel F. Hutton

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Host Resistance ◽

R Gene ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

R Genes ◽

Wild Tomato Species ◽

Tomato Species ◽

Mapping Gene ◽

Tomato Breeding

For over a century, breeders have worked to develop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars with resistance to Fusarium wilt (Fol) caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Host resistance is the most effective strategy for the management of this disease. For each of the three Fol races, resistance has been introgressed from wild tomato species, predominately in the form of R genes. The I, I-2, I-3, and I-7 R genes have each been identified, as well as the corresponding Avr effectors in the fungus with the exception of Avr7. The mechanisms by which the R gene protein products recognize these effectors, however, has not been elucidated. Extensive genetic mapping, gene cloning, and genome sequencing efforts support the development of tightly-linked molecular markers, which greatly expedite tomato breeding and the development of elite, Fol resistant cultivars. These resources also provide important tools for pyramiding resistance genes and should support the durability of host resistance.

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