Modulation of structural carbohydrates, phenol compounds and lignin content in Eucalyptus urophylla cuttings grown under boron, copper and zinc induced-deficiency

New Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liamara Santos Masullo ◽  
Vitória Duarte Derisso ◽  
Gislene Roberta Manarim ◽  
Alexandre de Vicente Ferraz ◽  
José Henrique Tertulino Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Phenol Compounds ◽  
Copper And Zinc

Effects of sample preparation on NIR spectroscopic estimation of chemical properties of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein ◽  
José Tarcísio Lima ◽  
Gilles Chaix
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Least Squares Regression

Abstract Many studies have successfully applied near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to estimate important wood traits. Some of them have reported the effects of wood surfaces on NIR spectra information and their influence on the performance of the predictive model. However, limited information is available concerning the effect of sample preparation on the model performance to estimate chemical properties in Eucalyptus wood. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the milling procedure, particle size, and quality of the solid wood surface on the performance of the partial least squares regression to predict chemical properties of Eucalyptus urophylla wood by NIR spectroscopy. Adequate models were built to predict klason lignin content, acid-soluble lignin content, and syringyl-to-guaiacyl ratio in Eucalyptus urophylla wood. Sample preparation strongly influences the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of these predictive models. The effect of the sample presentation (solid or milled wood) was stronger than the effect of the particle size difference between thin and thick powder. The best calibrations were developed using NIR spectra measured on wood powder (RDP values from 1.99 to 2.97), but satisfactory calibrations were developed from NIR spectra measured on solid samples (RPD values from 1.68 to 2.16).

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND ENERGETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla CLONES SUBJECT TO WIND DAMAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio José Vinha Zanuncio ◽  
Amélia Guimarães Carvalho ◽  
Angelica de Cassia Oliveira Carneiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Maria Fernanda Vieira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Energetic Characterization ◽  
G Ratio

ABSTRACT Wind damages are common in forest plantations and the use of this wood can minimize losses. The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and the energetic potential of wood and charcoal from trees subject to wind damage. Eight (A to H) two-years-old Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones were selected in a region where wind damage is frequent. The basic density, calorific value, chemical composition of wood and calorific value, immediate chemistry and gravimetric yield of charcoal were determined for all clones. Materials with high lignin content and low S/G ratio had higher gravimetric yield. The energy density of wood and charcoal showed high relationship with the basic and apparent relative density, respectively. All materials showed potential for bioenergy, but the clone E stood out with higher gravimetric yield and energy density.

Ca++-ATPase activity in the hepatopancreas cells of Oniscus asellus

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 820-821
Author(s):  
G.M. Vernon ◽  
A. Surace ◽  
R. Witkus
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Molt Cycle ◽  
Copper And Zinc

The hepatopancreas consists of a pair of bilobed tubules comprised of two epithelial cell types. S cells are absorptive and accumulate metals such as copper and zinc. Ca++ concentrations vary between the S and B cells and during the molt cycle. Roer and Dillaman implicated Ca++-ATPase in calcium transport during molting in Carcinus maenas. This study was undertaken to compare the localization of Ca++-ATPase activity in the S and B cells during intermolt.

Silicification of wood-cell walls

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
S. E. Keckler ◽  
D. M. Dabbs ◽  
N. Yao ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Inorganic Precursors

Cellular organic structures such as wood can be used as scaffolds for the synthesis of complex structures of organic/ceramic nanocomposites. The wood cell is a fiber-reinforced resin composite of cellulose fibers in a lignin matrix. A single cell wall, containing several layers of different fiber orientations and lignin content, is separated from its neighboring wall by the middle lamella, a lignin-rich region. In order to achieve total mineralization, deposition on and in the cell wall must be achieved. Geological fossilization of wood occurs as permineralization (filling the void spaces with mineral) and petrifaction (mineralizing the cell wall as the organic component decays) through infiltration of wood with inorganics after growth. Conversely, living plants can incorporate inorganics into their cells and in some cases into the cell walls during growth. In a recent study, we mimicked geological fossilization by infiltrating inorganic precursors into wood cells in order to enhance the properties of wood. In the current work, we use electron microscopy to examine the structure of silica formed in the cell walls after infiltration of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS).

Does the kappa number method accurately reflect lignin content in nonwood pulps?

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
Sabrina Burkhardt
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Klason Lignin ◽  
Organic Functional Groups ◽  
Pulp Properties ◽  
Wood Pulps ◽  
Hexenuronic Acid

The traditional kappa number method was developed in 1960 as a way to more quickly determine the level of lignin remaining in a completed or in-progress pulp. A significantly faster approach than the Klason lignin procedure, the kappa number method is based on the reaction of a strong oxidizing agent (KMnO4) with lignin and small amounts of other organic functional groups present in the pulp, such as hexenuronic acid. While the usefulness of the kappa number for providing information about bleaching requirements and pulp properties has arguably transformed the pulp and paper industry, it has been mostly developed for kraft, sulfite, and soda wood pulps. Nonwood species have a different chemical makeup than hardwood or softwood sources. These chemical differ-ences can influence kappa and Klason measurements on the pulp and lead to wide ranges of error. Both original data from Sustainable Fiber Technologies’ sulfur and chlorine-free pulping process and kappa and Klason data from various nonwood pulp literature sources will be presented to challenge the assumption that the kappa number accurately represents lignin content in nonwood pulps.

COPPER AND ZINC INDUCED CHANGES IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
K. SANKAR GANESH ◽  
P. SUNDARAMOORTHY
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Induced Changes

Heavy metals are one of the most important pollutants released to the aquatic environment by the various industrial activities. The use of these wastewater for irrigation results accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants. So, the present investigation deals with the various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/l) of copper and zinc on germination studies of soybean. The different concentrations of copper and zinc were used for germination studies. The seedlings were allowed to grow upto seven days. The studied morphological traits increased at 5 mg/l concentration and these parameters are gradually decreased with the increase of copper and zinc concentrations.

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