In Vitro Evaluation of Drug Content in and Drug Release Kinetics from Stents with Different Types of Polymer Coating

The objective of the present study was to produce extended release nateglinide nanosponges for oral delivery. Preparation of nanosponges leads to solubility enhancement. Nateglinide is a BCS Class II drug, having low solubility. So, to increase the solubility of nateglinide it is formulated into nanosponges. Nanosponges using ethyl cellulose as a polymer and dichloromethane as a cross-linker were prepared successfully by ultra-sound assisted synthesis method. The effects of different drug: placebo ratios on the physical characteristics of the nanosponges as well as the drug content and in vitro drug release of the nanosponges were investigated. Particle size analysis and surface morphology of nanosponges were performed. The scanning and transmission electron microscopy of nanosponges showed that they were spongy in nature. The particle size was found to be in the range 46.37 - 97.23 nm out of which particle size of the optimized formulation was 51.79 nm and the drug content was found to 79.43 %. The optimized nanosponge formulations were selected for preparing nanosponge tablets for extended drug delivery by oral route. These tablets were prepared using xanthan gum and PVP K-30 and were evaluated by pre-compression and post-compression parameters. The nateglinide nanosponges tablet formulation were studied for different parameters using Design Expert Software. All formulations were evaluated for in vitro drug release analyzed according to various release kinetic models and it was found that it follows zero order release kinetics.

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FLUCONAZOLE NANOGEL: FABRICATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2021v13i4.40531 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 272-277

Author(s):

DIVYA ◽

INDERBIR SINGH ◽

UPENDRA NAGAICH

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Drug Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Flow Index ◽

In Vitro Evaluation

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop and in vitro evaluation of prepared fluconazole nanogel for seborrheic dermatitis Methods: Fluconazole nanogel was formulated to act against seborrheic dermatitis. The fluconazole nanoparticles were prepared by a simplified evaporation method and evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, and percent in vitro drug release. The nanogel was also characterized based on parameters like particle size, percent entrapment efficiency, shape surface morphology, rheological properties, in vitro release R² = 0.9046, and release kinetics. Results: The nanoparticle with a combination of Eudragit RS and Tween 80 showed the best result with particle size in the range of 119.0 nm to 149.5 nm, with a cumulative percent drug release of 95 % up to 18 h. The formulated nanogel with optimum concentration of HPMC authenticate with particle size 149.50±0.5 with maximum drug release (92.13±0.32) %. Conclusion: Different percentages of polymers (ethyl-cellulose, eudragit, and tween 80) are used as variable components in the formulation of nanogel. The optimized batch showed good physical properties (flow index, spreadability, and viscosity) along with rapid drug release. Therefore, it can be concluded that nanogel containing fluconazole has potential application in topical delivery.

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Development and Characterization of Ofloxacin & Prednisolone Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (Nlc) for Topical Route

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.33140/jpr.04.01.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Drug Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Prolonged Release ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Drug Content

Aim: The present study was designed to develop and characterize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) of Ofloxacin and Prednisolone for topical use in case of infections associated with inflammation. Materials and Methods: Ofloxacin was obtained as gift sample from Mankind Pharma Ltd, VillKyarta, P.O. Misserwal, Poonta Sahib, Sir Mour. H.P. Whereas Prednisolone was purchased from Yarrow chem., Mumbai. It was evaluated for its pre-formulation studies (organoleptic properties, melting point, solubility, compatibility, max. wavelength of absorption). NLCs were prepared through melt-emulsification followed by ultra-sonication technique. Further optimized batch of NLCs was incorporated into Gel. Formulated NLCs were evaluated in terms of morphological characteristics, particle size (Polydispersity Index), drug content, In-vitro drug release (using egg membrane), drug release kinetics (Ritger-Peppas diffusion method). Finally, gel containing NLCs was studied by physical characteristics, pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, In-vitro drug release and its kinetics. Results and Discussion: In pre-formulation study, drugs were found having the similar properties as described in Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP). SEM photomicrograph revealed that NLCs were spherical with more or less smooth surface; particle size 512.3-1703 nm and PDI- 0.399-0.742 (ofloxacin) and particle size 539.3-1736.7 nm and PDI- 0.335 - 0.711 (prednisolone);drug content was found in range of 56.7 - 75.6% for ofloxacin and 65.9 – 81.8% for prednisolone. NLC1 demonstrated maximum release rate with 83.37±1.70% and NLC8 73.96±0.53%.NLC6 was best fitted in Korsmeyer - peppas model as the regression coefficients were 0.960, 0.964, 0.977, 0.950, 0.980 & 0.987 respectively and prednisolone NLC 9 (0.953) and they were close to 1. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prepared NLCs had prolonged release effects with good potential for topical delivery of NLC based gel formulation of ofloxacin& prednisolone.

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Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of Drug Release Kinetics from Aceclofenac Matrix Tablets using Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v8i1.5332 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abul Kalam Lutful Kabir ◽

Bishyajit Kumar Biswas ◽

Abu Shara Shasur Rouf

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Sustained Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Release Mechanism ◽

Matrix Tablet ◽

Drug Content ◽

Compressibility Index

The objective of this study was to develop a sustained release matrix tablet of aceclofenac usinghydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K15M and HPMC K100M CR) in various proportions as release controllingfactor by direct compression method. The powders for tableting were evaluated for angle of repose, loose bulkdensity, tapped bulk density, compressibility index, total porosity and drug content etc. The tablets were subjected tothickness, weight variation test, drug content, hardness, friability and in vitro release studies. The in vitro dissolutionstudy was carried out for 24 hours using United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) 22 paddle-type dissolution apparatus inphosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The granules showed satisfactory flow properties, compressibility index and drug contentetc. All the tablets complied with pharmacopoeial specifications. The results of dissolution studies indicated that theformulations F-2 and F-3 could extend the drug release up to 24 hours. By comparing the dissolution profiles with themarketed product, it revealed that the formulations exhibited similar drug release profile. From this study, a decreasein release kinetics of the drug was observed when the polymer concentration was increased. Kinetic modeling of invitro dissolution profiles revealed the drug release mechanism ranges from diffusion controlled or Fickian transport toanomalous type or non-Fickian transport, which was only dependent on the type and amount of polymer used. Thedrug release followed both diffusion and erosion mechanism in all cases. The drug release from these formulationswas satisfactory after 3 months storage in 40°C and 75% RH. Besides, this study explored the optimum concentrationand effect of polymer(s) on acelofenac release pattern from the tablet matrix for 24 hour period.Key words: Aceclofenac; sustained release; hydrophillic matrix; HPMC; direct compression.DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i1.5332Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(1): 23-30, 2009 (June)

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APPLICATION OF NOVEL NATURAL POLYMER FOR CONTROLLING THE RELEASE OF FENOVERINE FROM CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2017v9i2.16318 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ajit Kulkarni ◽

Trushali Mandhare ◽

Nagesh Aloorkar

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Drug Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Methyl Cellulose ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

Natural Polymer ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Dissolution Studies ◽

Drug Content

Objective: To explore a novel natural polymer, pullulan for controlling the release of fenoverine from matrix tablets and to elucidate the release kinetics of fenoverine from pullulan and HPMC matrices.Methods: In this study we formulated monolithic matrix tablets containing of fenoverine as controlled-release tablets by direct compression using pullulan, HPMC (Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) K4M and HPMC K100M polymers and evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation drug content, in vitro drug release characteristics and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry) study.Results: All the formulations showed compliance with pharmacopoeial standards. FTIR and DSC study indicated the absence of interaction between fenoverine and excipients. The formulation was optimized on the basis of acceptable tablet properties and in vitro drug release. The results of dissolution studies indicated that the formulation F5 [drug to polymer 1: 0.35] exhibited highest % cumulative drug release of 96.82±0.75 % at the end of 12 h. Optimised batch F5 showed super case II transport mechanism and followed zero order release kinetics. Short-term stability studies of the optimized formulation indicated that there were no significant changes observed in hardness, drug content and in vitro dissolution studies at the end of three months period. Similarity factor f2 was found to be 89, which indicated similar dissolution profiles before and after stability study.Conclusion: Based on above results we conclude that pullulan can be used as a polymer for retarding the release of drug from matrix formulations.Keywords: Pullulan, Fenoverine, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, Controlled release, In vitro

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