scholarly journals Leaf gas exchange and grain yield of common bean exposed to spermidine under water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Torabian ◽  
M. R. Shakiba ◽  
A. Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab ◽  
M. Toorchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange

Long-term liming improves soil fertility and soybean root growth, reflecting improvements in leaf gas exchange and grain yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 126308
Author(s):  
João William Bossolani ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Moretti ◽  
Ariani Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Soybean Root

Soybean Leaf Gas‐Exchange Responses to Carbon Dioxide and Water Stress

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Allen ◽  
R. R. Valle ◽  
J. W. Mishoe ◽  
J. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Soybean Leaf

scholarly journals Combining Ability for Agromorphological and Physiological Traits in Different Gene Pools of Common Bean Subjected to Water Deficit

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Mendonça Arruda ◽  
Vânia Moda-Cirino ◽  
Alessandra Koltun ◽  
Douglas Mariani Zeffa ◽  
Getúlio Takashi Nagashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Group I

Water stress is one of the main limiting factors for common bean crops, negatively affecting grain yield and seed quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inheritance of agromorphological and physiological traits related to drought tolerance in order to identify promising combinations. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a partial diallel scheme between three drought-tolerant genotypes (IAPAR 81, BAT 477. and SEA 5), and nine cultivars widely grown in Brazil (BRS Estilo, IAC Alvorada, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Uirapuru, IPR Nhambu, BRS Esteio, IPR Garça, BRS Radiante, and DRK 18), in a randomized block design with four replicates. The plants were grown in pots with substrate under 80% of pot capacity until they reached the stage R5, when water supply was restricted to 30% for 20 days in the pots under stress treatment. A wide variability for the agromorphological and physiological traits was observed. Water deficit reduced plant performance for most agromorphological traits and altered their physiological metabolism. Additive and non-additive effects are involved in the genetic control of the majority of agromorphological and physiological traits both under water stress and control (well-watered) conditions. The parental genotypes BAT 477 (group I) and IAC Alvorada, IPR Uirapuru, and BRS Esteio (group II) may be included in breeding programs aiming at improving drought tolerance in common bean since they present high positive general combining abilities for agromorphological traits. The crosses IAPAR 81 × IPR Campos Gerais, and SEA 5 × BRS Radiante resulted in the best combinations considering grain yield per plant and total dry biomass, when cultivated under water deficit.

scholarly journals Differential responses between mature and young leaves of sunflower plants to oxidative stress caused by water deficit

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1290-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Cechin ◽  
Natália Corniani ◽  
Terezinha de Fátima Fumis ◽  
Ana Catarina Cataneo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Gas Exchange Characteristics

The effects of water stress and rehydration on leaf gas exchange characteristics along with changes in lipid peroxidation and pirogalol peroxidase (PG-POD) were studied in mature and in young leaves of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), which were grown in a greenhouse. Water stress reduced photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration (E) in both young and mature leaves. However, the amplitude of the reduction was dependent on leaf age. The intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was increased in mature leaves but it was not altered in young leaves. Instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) in mature stressed leaves was reduced when compared to control leaves while in young stressed leaves it was maintained to the same level as the control. After 24h of rehydration, most of the parameters related to gas exchange recovered to the same level as the unstressed plants except gs and E in mature leaves. Water stress did not activated PG-POD independently of leaf age. However, after rehydration the enzyme activity was increased in mature leaves and remained to the same as the control in young leaves. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased by water stress in both mature and young leaves. The results suggest that young leaves are more susceptible to water stress in terms of gas exchange characteristics than mature leaves although both went through oxidative estresse.

Late Season Water Stress in Cotton: II. Leaf Gas Exchange and Assimilation Capacity

Crop Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Faver ◽  
T. J. Gerik ◽  
P. M. Thaxton ◽  
K. M. El‐Zik
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF THREE WOODY SPECIES SEEDLINGS UNDER WATER STRESS, IN SOIL WITH AND WITHOUT ORGANIC MATTER

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da Assunção Machado Rocha ◽  
Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda ◽  
Marlos Alves Bezerra ◽  
Francisca Edineide Lima Barbosa ◽  
Hernandes de Oliveira Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
African Mahogany

ABSTRACT The low availability of water in the soil is one of the limiting factors for the growth and survival of plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of physiological processes in early growth of guanandi (Calophyllum brasilense Cambess), African mahogany (Khayai vorensis A. Chev) and oiti (Licaniato mentosa Benth Fritsch) over a period of water stress and other of rehydration in the soil with and without addition of organic matter. The study was conducted in a greenhouse and the experimental design was completely randomised into a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, comprising three species (guanandi, African mahogany, and oiti), two water regimes (with and without water restriction) and two levels of organic fertilisation (with and without the addition of organic matter). Irrigation was suspended for 15 days in half of the plants, while the other half (control) continued to receive daily irrigation, the soil being maintained near field capacity for these plants. At the end of the stress period, the plants were again irrigated for 15 days to determine their recovery. Water restriction reduced leaf water potential and gas exchange in the three species under study, more severely in soil with no addition of organic matter. The addition of this input increased soil water retention and availability to the plants during the suspension of irrigation, reducing the detrimental effects of the stress. During the period of rehydration, there was strong recovery of water status and leaf gas exchange. However recovery was not complete, suggesting that some of the effects caused by stress irreversibly affected cell structures and functions. However, of the species being studied, African mahogany displayed a greater sensitivity to stress, with poorer recovery.

scholarly journals The influence of water stress on plant hydraulics, gas exchange, berry composition and quality of Pinot Noir wines in Switzerland

OENO One ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Zufferey ◽  
Jean-Laurent Spring ◽  
Thibaut Verdenal ◽  
Agnès Dienes ◽  
Sandrine Belcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Plant Hydraulics ◽  
Berry Composition

<p><strong>Aims : </strong>The aims of this study were to investigate the physiological behavior (plant hydraulics, gas exchange) of the cultivar Pinot Noir in the field under progressively increasing conditions of water stress and analyze the effects of drought on grape and wine quality.</p><p><strong>Methods and results : </strong>Grapevines of the variety <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Pinot Noir (clone 9-18, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (irrigation treatments) over the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor plant water status (leaf and stem water potentials and relative carbon isotope composition (d<sup>13</sup>C) in must sugars). Leaf gas exchange (net photosynthesis A and transpiration E), leaf stomatal conductance (gs), specific hydraulic conductivity in petioles (K<sub>petiole</sub>), yield components, berry composition at harvest, and organoleptic quality of wines were analyzed over a 7-year period, between 2009 and 2015, under relatively dry conditions in the canton of Wallis, Switzerland. A progressively increasing water deficit, observed throughout the season, reduced the leaf gas exchange (A and E) and gs in non-irrigated vines. The intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE<sub>i</sub>, A/gs) increased during the growing season and was greater in water-stressed vines than in well-watered vines (irrigated vines). This rise in WUE<sub>i</sub> was correlated with an increase in d<sup>13</sup>C in must sugars at harvest. Drought led to decreases in K<sub>petiole</sub>, E and sap flow in stems. A decrease in vine plant vigor was observed in vines that had been subjected to water deficits year after year. Moderate water stress during ripening favored sugar accumulation in berries and caused a reduction in total acidic and malic contents in must and available nitrogen content (YAN). Wines produced from water-stressed vines had a deeper color and were richer in anthocyanins and phenol compounds compared with wines from well-watered vines with no water stress. The vine water status greatly influenced the organoleptic quality of the resulting wines. Wines made from non-irrigated vines with a water deficit presented more structure and higher-quality tannins. They were also judged to be more full-bodied and with blended tannins than those made from irrigated vines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions : </strong>Grape ripening and resulting Pinot Noir wines were found to be largely dependent on the water supply conditions of the vines during the growing season, which influenced gas exchange and plant hydraulics.</p><p><strong>Significance and impact of the study : </strong>Plant water status constitutes a key factor in leaf gas exchange, canopy water use efficiency, berry composition and wine quality.</p>

scholarly journals CROP WATER STRESS INDEX FOR PREDICTING YIELD LOSS IN COMMON BEAN

Irriga ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-695
Author(s):  
Carlos Quiloango-Chimarro ◽  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Jéfferson de Oliveira Costa ◽  
Rafael Gomez-Arrieta
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Stress Index ◽  
Water Stress Index ◽  
Crop Water Stress

The crop water stress index (CWSI), an index derived from canopy temperature, has been widely studied as a physiological indicator of plant water status to optimize irrigation in common beans. However, it is not clear how this index could contribute to yield prediction as a decision support tool in irrigation management. This paper aimed to use the CWSI for predicting yield loss in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) subjected to water stress under drip irrigation. A rain shelter experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five replications. The indeterminate growth cultivar TAA Dama was subjected to three irrigation treatments: 100% of the field capacity (FC), 75 and 50% FC from 20 days after sowing (DAS) until the end of the crop cycle. Grain yield was reduced by 42% under 50% FC treatment. Furthermore, stomatal conductance was reduced under this treatment, whereas the CWSI and canopy temperature increased as irrigation levels decreased. The relationship between grain yield and CWSI (R2=0.76, RSME=2.35g) suggests that canopy temperature data could be used to forecast grain yield losses. In conclusion, farmers can have a low-cost, effective technique for making water management decisions in common bean.

Late Season Water Stress in Cotton: II. Leaf Gas Exchange and Assimilation Capacity

Crop Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Faver ◽  
T. J. Gerik ◽  
P. M. Thaxton ◽  
K. M. El‐Zik
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Assimilation Capacity
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