A novel glucosyltransferase involved in steroid saponin biosynthesis in Solanum aculeatissimum

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Kohara ◽  
Chiharu Nakajima ◽  
Kimiko Hashimoto ◽  
Toshihiko Ikenaga ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Solanum Aculeatissimum

Geographical variations in fatty acid and steroid saponin biosynthesis in Dioscorea zingiberensis rhizomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 113779
Author(s):  
Lixiu Hou ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Ziyu Tong ◽  
Xincheng Yuan ◽  
Jiali Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Dioscorea Zingiberensis ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Geographical Variations

Characterization and engineering of glycosyltransferases responsible for steroid saponin biosynthesis in Solanaceous plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Kohara ◽  
Chiharu Nakajima ◽  
Shigeo Yoshida ◽  
Toshiya Muranaka
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

scholarly journals A candidate gene identified in converting platycoside E to platycodin D from Platycodon grandiflorus by transcriptome and main metabolites analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinglong Su ◽  
Yingying Liu ◽  
Lu Han ◽  
Zhaojian Wang ◽  
Mengyang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Platycodin D ◽  
Polysaccharide Content ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Polysaccharide Synthesis ◽  
Experimental Use

AbstractPlatycodin D and platycoside E are two triterpenoid saponins in Platycodon grandiflorus, differing only by two glycosyl groups structurally. Studies have shown β-Glucosidase from bacteria can convert platycoside E to platycodin D, indicating the potential existence of similar enzymes in P. grandiflorus. An L9(34) orthogonal experiment was performed to establish a protocol for calli induction as follows: the optimal explant is stems with nodes and the optimum medium formula is MS + NAA 1.0 mg/L + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L to obtain callus for experimental use. The platycodin D, platycoside E and total polysaccharides content between callus and plant organs varied wildly. Platycodin D and total polysaccharide content of calli was found higher than that of leaves. While, platycoside E and total polysaccharide content of calli was found lower than that of leaves. Associating platycodin D and platycoside E content with the expression level of genes involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis between calli and leaves, three contigs were screened as putative sequences of β-Glucosidase gene converting platycoside E to platycodin D. Besides, we inferred that some transcription factors can regulate the expression of key enzymes involved in triterpernoid saponins and polysaccharides biosynthesis pathway of P. grandiflorus. Totally, a candidate gene encoding enzyme involved in converting platycoside E to platycodin D, and putative genes involved in polysaccharide synthesis in P. grandiflorus had been identified. This study will help uncover the molecular mechanism of triterpenoid saponins biosynthesis in P. grandiflorus.

β-Amyrin Synthase1 Controls the Accumulation of the Major Saponins Present in Pea (Pisum sativum)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vernoud ◽  
Ludivine Lebeigle ◽  
Jocelyn Munier ◽  
Julie Marais ◽  
Myriam Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Pea Seed

Abstract The use of pulses as ingredients for the production of food products rich in plant proteins is increasing. However, protein fractions prepared from pea or other pulses contain significant amounts of saponins, glycosylated triterpenes which can impart an undesirable bitter taste when used as an ingredient in foodstuffs. In this paper, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene involved in saponin biosynthesis during pea seed development, by screening mutants obtained from two Pisum sativum TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) populations in two different genetic backgrounds. The mutations studied are located in a gene designated PsBAS1 (β-amyrin synthase1) which is highly expressed in maturing pea seeds and which encodes a protein previously shown to correspond to an active β-amyrin synthase. The first allele is a nonsense mutation, while the second mutation is located in a splice site and gives rise to a mis-spliced transcript encoding a truncated, non-functional protein. The homozygous mutant seeds accumulated virtually no saponin without affecting seed nutritional or physiological quality. Interestingly, BAS1 appears to control saponin accumulation in all other tissues of the plant examined. These lines represent a first step in the development of pea varieties lacking bitterness off-flavours in their seeds. Our work also shows that TILLING populations in different genetic backgrounds represent valuable genetic resources for both crop improvement and functional genomics.

scholarly journals Full-Length Transcriptome Sequences by A Combination of Sequencing Platforms Applied to Isoflavonoid and Triterpenoid Saponin Biosynthesis of Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minzhen Yin ◽  
Shanshan Chu ◽  
Tingyu Shan ◽  
Liangping Zha ◽  
Huasheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Smrt Sequencing ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sequencing Platforms

Abstract Background: Astragalus mongholicus Bunge is an important medicinal plant and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for a long history, which is rich in isoflavonoids and triterpenoid saponins. Although these active constituents in A. mongholicus have been discovered for a long time, the molecular genetic basis of the isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis pathways is virtually unknown due to the lack of a reference genome. The combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing to analyze genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants has been widely recognized.Results: In this study, NGS, SMRT sequencing, and targeted compounds were combined to investigate the association between isoflavonoids and triterpenoid saponins and gene expression in roots, stems and leaves of A. mongholicus. A total of four main isoflavonoids and four astragalosides (belong to triterpenoid saponins) were measured, and 44 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of nine gene families, 44 DEGs of 16 gene families that encode for enzymes involved in isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis were identified, separately. Additionally, transcription factors (TFs) associated with isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis were analyzed, including 72 MYBs, 53 bHLHs, 64 AP2-EREBPs and 11 bZIPs. The above transcripts exhibit different expression trends in different organs.Conclusions: Our study provides important genetic information for the essential genes of isoflavonoid and triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis in A. mongholicus, and provides a basis for developing its medicinal value.

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH DELIMA (Punica granatum L.) DENGAN METODE UJI WARNA

Media Farmasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Muthmainnah B
Keyword(s):  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Telah dilakukan penelitian skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) yang diperoleh dari Desa Ongkoe Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder meliputi flavanoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, saponin dan tanin pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.). Penelitian diawali dengan pengolahan buah delima (Punica granatum L.) menjadi simplisia serbuk dengan melalui tahap sortasi basah, pencucian, pengeringan dan sortasi kering. Selanjutnya penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dengan perbandingan 1:3 selama 5 hari dengan metode ekstraksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi simplisia serbuk buah delima (Punica granatum L.) dengan menggunakan metode maserasi (perendaman) dengan pelarut etanol 70% sedangkan identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan skrining fitokimia dengan uji warna menggunakan berbagai pereaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin sedangkan pada uji steroid diperoleh hasil yang negatif. Kesimpulannya yaitu ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) mengandung flavanoid,alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin.

scholarly journals Structure and Location Studies on Key Enzymes in Saponins Biosynthesis of Panax notoginseng

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6121
Author(s):  
Pengguo Xia ◽  
Yujie Zheng ◽  
Zongsuo Liang
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Squalene Epoxidase ◽  
Protein Fusion ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Saponin Biosynthesis

Panax notoginseng is one of the most widely used traditional herbs for the treatment of various diseases, in which saponins were the main active components. At present, the research of P. notoginseng mainly focused on the discovery of new compounds and pharmacology. However, there were few studies on the molecular mechanism of the synthesis of secondary metabolites of P. notoginseng. In our study, four coding sequences (CDS) encoding the key enzymes involved in saponin biosynthesis were cloned, namely farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS), squalene synthase (SS), squalene epoxidase (SE), and dammarenediol-II synthase (DS), which contained open reading frame (ORF) of 1029 bp, 1248 bp, 1614 bp, and 2310 bp, and coded 342, 415, 537, and 769 amino acids, respectively. At the same time, their domains, secondary structures, three-dimensional structures, and phylogenetics trees were analyzed by kinds of bioinformatics tools. Their phylogenetics relationships were also analyzed. In addition, GFP (Green fluorescent protein) fusion genes were constructed by the plasmid transformation system to determine the subcellular localization. The results of subcellular localization showed that FPS, SE, and DS were mainly located in cytomembrane and its surrounding, while SS was located both in cytoplasm and cytomembrane. Our findings provided data demonstrating the expression patterns of genes involved in saponin biosynthesis and would facilitate efforts to further elucidate the biosynthesis of the bioactive components in P. notoginseng.

Steroidal saponin production in callus cultures of Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq.

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ikenaga ◽  
R. Handayani ◽  
T. Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Steroidal Saponin ◽  
Solanum Aculeatissimum
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