scholarly journals Guidelines for precise lime management based on high-resolution soil pH, texture and SOM maps generated from proximal soil sensing data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bönecke ◽  
Swen Meyer ◽  
Sebastian Vogel ◽  
Ingmar Schröter ◽  
Robin Gebbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Proximal Soil Sensing

Abstract Soil acidification is caused by natural paedogenetic processes and anthropogenic impacts but can be counteracted by regular lime application. Although sensors and applicators for variable-rate liming (VRL) exist, there are no established strategies for using these tools or helping to implement VRL in practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide guidelines for site-specific liming based on proximal soil sensing. First, high-resolution soil maps of the liming-relevant indicators (pH, soil texture and soil organic matter content) were generated using on-the-go sensors. The soil acidity was predicted by two ion-selective antimony electrodes (RMSEpH: 0.37); the soil texture was predicted by a combination of apparent electrical resistivity measurements and natural soil-borne gamma emissions (RMSEclay: 0.046 kg kg−1); and the soil organic matter (SOM) status was predicted by a combination of red (660 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 970 nm) optical reflection measurements (RMSESOM: 6.4 g kg−1). Second, to address the high within-field soil variability (pH varied by 2.9 units, clay content by 0.44 kg kg−1 and SOM by 5.5 g kg−1), a well-established empirical lime recommendation algorithm that represents the best management practices for liming in Germany was adapted, and the lime requirements (LRs) were determined. The generated workflow was applied to a 25.6 ha test field in north-eastern Germany, and the variable LR was compared to the conventional uniform LR. The comparison showed that under the uniform liming approach, 63% of the field would be over-fertilized by approximately 12 t of lime, 6% would receive approximately 6 t too little lime and 31% would still be adequately limed.

scholarly journals The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Václav Voltr ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Martin Hruška ◽  
Eduard Pokorný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil organic carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity and health. The current research in soil organic matter (SOM) is focused on individual fragmented approaches and comprehensive evaluation of HWEC and SOC changes. The present state of the soil together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that has been published. Our approach should help to assess the changes in HWEC and SOC content depending on the physico-chemical properties and soil´s management practices (e.g., digestate application, livestock and mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). The one- and multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data were obtained from the various soil´s climatic conditions (68 localities) of the Czech Republic. The Czech farms in operating conditions were observed during the period 2008–2018. The obtained results of ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing in the SOC content, while the HWEC content has decreased. Furthermore, a decline in pH and soil´s saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly digestate application was responsible for this negative consequence across all soils in studied climatic regions. The multivariate linear regression models (MLR) also showed that HWEC content is significantly affected by natural soil fertility (soil type), phosphorus content (−30%), digestate application (+29%), saturation of the soil sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) and the dose of total nitrogen (N) applied into the soil (−20%). Here we report that the labile forms (HWEC) are affected by the application of digestate (15%), the soil saturation (37%), the application of mineral potassium (−7%), soil pH (−14%) and the overall condition of the soil (−27%). The stable components (SOM) are affected by the content of HWEC (17%), soil texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), and input of organic matter and nutrients from animal production (10%). Results also showed that the mineral fertilization has a negative effect (−14%), together with the soil depth (−11%), and the soil texture 0.25–2 mm (−21%) on SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it was confirmed that SOM plays an important role in maintaining resp. improving soil physical, biochemical and biological properties, which is particularly important to ensure the productivity of agroecosystems (soil quality and health) and to future food security.

Inter-relationships of Resistance to Penetration, Moisture and Soil Organic Matter with Irrigated Bean Yield in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Job Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Cassiano Garcia Roque ◽  
Rubens Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Montanari ◽  
Claudinei Martins Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Geostatistical Techniques ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) can be cultivated practically throughout the year in different regions of Brazil, provided there are no water and temperature limitations. This study was carried out in a Quartzarenic Neosol, in the municipality of Cassilândia, state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, in the 2016/2017 agricultural year. This study aimed to establish the linear and spatial interrelations of the penetration resistance (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), and organic matter content (OM) with bean grain yield (GY) in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m soil layers, collected in a mesh of 117 georeferenced points [81 points of the base mesh (6 m spacing among points)] and 36 mesh points with higher density (2 m spacing among points). Data analysis was carried out by statistical and geostatistical techniques that enabled to note that the organic matter content correlates linearly and negatively with penetration resistance, indicating that soil management practices aiming to increase its profile improve its physical conditions and therefore the bean grain development and yield. The gravimetric moisture and soil organic matter content correlate spatially, directly, and linearly with bean grain yield, proving to be the best properties among those surveyed to estimate and increase its agricultural productivity.

scholarly journals Cropland soil organic matter content change in Northeast China, 1985-2005

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmin Yao ◽  
Liming Ye ◽  
Huajun Tang ◽  
Pengqin Tang ◽  
Deying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Content Change

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) content is one of the most important indicators of soil quality and hence the productive capacity of soils. Northeast China (NEC) is the most important region in grain production in China. In this study,we assessed the spatiotemporal change of cropland SOM content in NEC using sampling data of 2005 and survey data of 1985. We also analysed the driving forces behind the SOM content change. Our results showed that SOM content decreased in 39% of all the cropland in NEC, while increase in SOM content was only detected on 16% of the cropland. SOM remained unchanged in nearly half (i.e. 45%) of the cropland. Our results also revealed that cropping intensity and fertilizer application were the two most important factors driving SOM change. Overall, results from this research provided novel details of the spatiotemporal patterns of cropland SOM content change in NEC which was not revealed in earlier assessments. The datasets presented here can be used not only as baselines for the calibration of process-based carbon budget models, but also to identify regional soil quality hotspots and to guide spatial-explicit soil management practices.

scholarly journals Sorption Behavior of Lead (Pb) onto Agricultural Soils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, ‎Pakistan: Potentials for Leaching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Bushra Khan ◽  
Nida Gul ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam

Abstract Lead (Pb) contamination in soil and subsequent transport in groundwater poses severe threats to the food safety and human health. In current study, the effects of soil organic matter on sorption behavior of Pb onto six agricultural soils were investigated by batch sorption experiments and microscopic characterization. Results indicated that Pb sorption onto agricultural soils was dominated by the soil organic matter content and soil texture. The decrease of organic matter content reduced the sorption capacity of Pb onto agricultural soils. Based on soil texture, the Pb sorption was highest in clay soil and lowest in silt type of soil. The overall Pb sorption was in the order of clay > clay loam > silty clay loam ≈ loam > silt loam > silt. The sorption isotherms of measured aqueous and soil phase Pb concentrations were fit well with the linear sorption model. The organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (Log KOC) ranged from 2.90 to 2.99. Linear partition coefficient (Kd) values were positively correlated with the soil properties, such as clay (R2 =0.90), OC (R2 =0.94) and pH (R2 = 0.45); however, weak correlation was found between Kd and soil sand contents (R2 = 0.12). The leachability model showed potential risk of Pb leaching from silt soil with lowest organic matter content. The findings are of significant importance for understanding potential threats of Pb to the soil ecosystem, groundwater, plants, and humans.

scholarly journals SOIL ORGANIC MATTER (SOM): STATUS, TARGET AND CHALLENGES IN NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
J.J. Gairhe ◽  
S. Khanal ◽  
S. Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Fertilizer Use

Changes in soil organic matter (SOM) are slow and difficult to monitor, usually apparent after few decades. Recent changes in the agriculture had its influence on soil, including the soil organic matter content. About 60% of soil in Nepal now have low organic matter content. Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP) was focused more on the concept of green revolution to increase the chemical fertilizer inputs, however, the scenario is changing. Use of organic fertilizers is promoted extensively by government and different organizations with a target of increasing SOM content from 1.92% in 2015 to 4% by 2035. This paper aims at analysing the current status, targeted goal and the challenges faced in the augmentation of the soil organic matter using data available. Achieving this target requires an addition of extra 2.244 ton/ha of organic matter on a yearly basis for 20 years. The average amount of organic matter (2.5-3 ton/ha) applied is lesser than a single season grain harvest. 4.69% of sites had high soil organic matter in fiscal year 075/76 which slipped to 2.64% in 2076/77. The sites with low soil organic matter increased from 12.73% to 15.31%. The causes behind the SOM decline varies according to different agro-ecological zones like soil erosion, residue burning, imbalanced fertilizer use, defective FYM production etc. Findings suggest precise technologies required to be adopted to tackle with the different niche specific causes of soil fertility decline. Despite the complete nutrient content, bulky nature of organic fertilizers sets a major drawback regarding their transportation, distribution and commercialization. Government of Nepal is promoting organic fertilizer use by subsidizing their production cost by 50%. Following integrated nutrient management (INM) techniques, sustainable soil management practices (SSMP) and promotion of use of locally available resources can play a huge role in making the technology sustainable to the farmers.

Predicting soil organic matter content in southwestern Ontario fields using imagery from high-resolution digital cameras

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D.L. Gregory ◽  
J D Lauzon ◽  
I P O’Halloran ◽  
R J Heck
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Image Intensity

The spatial pattern of soil organic matter (SOM) content may provide information for variable-rate fertilizer nitrogen recommendations, but often requires intensive soil sampling to be properly characterized. This study evaluated whether imagery of bare soils obtained using a high-resolution digital camera system may be used to predict SOM content in southwestern Ontario fields. Using the camera system, image intensity was measured in near-infrared (0.70–0.80 µm) and visible red (0.60–0.70 µm), green (0.50–0.60 µm), and blue (0.40–0.50 µm) wavebands underboth controlled and field conditions for soil samples representative of the range in SOM typically found in southwestern Ontario fields. Under controlled conditions, SOM content did not relate well to image intensity measured in any waveband when multiple soil types were used (r2 ≤ 0.39). Without multiple soil types, image intensity in all wavebands related to SOM content for soil samples taken from two of the sites (r2 ≥ 0.53 for both sites). Image intensity measured under field conditions related to SOM content for only one site (r2 ≥ 0.54 for all wavebands). Variability between SOM content and image intensity shown in this study is most likely attributed to the relative variability in SOM content and confounding factors such as surface residue. Key words: Soil organic matter, soil reflectance, high-resolution digital camera, aerial imagery

scholarly journals Tropical agriculture and global warming: impacts and mitigation options

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo P. Cerri ◽  
Gerd Sparovek ◽  
Martial Bernoux ◽  
Willian E. Easterling ◽  
Jerry M. Melillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Sustainability

The intensive land use invariably has several negative effects on the environment and crop production if conservative practices are not adopted. Reduction in soil organic matter (SOM) quantity means gas emission (mainly CO2, CH4, N2O) to the atmosphere and increased global warming. Soil sustainability is also affected, since remaining SOM quality changes. Alterations can be verified, for example, by soil desegregation and changes in structure. The consequences are erosion, reduction in nutrient availability for the plants and lower water retention capacity. These and other factors reflect negatively on crop productivity and sustainability of the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Conversely, adoption of "best management practices", such as conservation tillage, can partly reverse the process - they are aimed at increasing the input of organic matter to the soil and/or decreasing the rates at which soil organic matter decomposes.

scholarly journals Incremento de la materia orgánica del suelo y rendimiento de mango en Luvisoles, Campeche, México

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Juan Medina Méndez ◽  
Víctor Volke Haller ◽  
Arturo Galvis Spínola ◽  
José Isabel Cortés Flores ◽  
Ma. De Jesús Santiago Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content

The objective of this study was to determinate the effect of increasing soil organic matter on fruit yield of mango trees under irrigated conditions, in Luvisols of Campeche State, Mexico. In every 48 commercial orchards and five sites under natural forest vegetation, soil samples were taken in order to determine physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, in orchards sites, leaf sampling was carried out, and data on orchard management practices and fruit yield also were registered. The collected data was analyzed using regression analysis. From soil organic matter content in continues sole maize cropping system under rainfed agriculture or irrigated vegetables, soil organic matter content in mango orchards increased from 3.26% in a period since 1 to 5 years to 5.66% after a period of 16 to 30 years. In soil under natural forest vegetation, organic matter content was 5.36%. Increasing soil organic matter content and tree age, fruit yield increased by 9.5 t/ha after 26 to 30 years under cultivation. 

scholarly journals Impact of Wastes on Some Properties of Soil around an Active Dumpsite in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Opeyemi Akintola ◽  
Gabriel Oladapo Adeyemi ◽  
Oluwayemisi Samuel Olokeogun ◽  
Idayat Adewunmi Bodede
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Recently most farmers in developing country like Nigeria has resulted to the use of solid wastes as compost to replenish the deteriorated soils while some are farming on the abandoned waste dumpsite due to their richness in organic matter. This study assessed the soil nutrient and fertility status by investigating the influence of wastes (if any) on physical and chemical properties of soils in and around Lapite dumpsite for environmental sustainability. Ten soil samples each collected from three locations: dumpsite, downslope and upslope sites at depth of 0-20cm were analyzed for soil texture, bulk density, porosity, electrical conductivity, pH, organic carbon, organic matter content (OMC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni. Significant differences were observed on soil physical: moisture content (18.05-38.11 %); Bulk density (1.01-1.54 g/cm3); porosity (49.09-74.56 %) and chemical properties: : OMC (1.39-5.98 %);TN (0.58-1.60 %); AP(0.35-1.09 %) among others in soils from the studied location sites at p ≤ 0.05; however, no remarkable impact was noticed on soil texture. This study has shown that deposition of wastes has impacted the physical and chemical properties by improving soil organic matter contents and increasing nutrient contents such as exchangeable bases and micronutrient, thus enhancing soil organic matter, fertility and productivity status of the soil for maximum plant growth. However, increase in heavy metal concentrations in dumpsite soils call for incessant assessment and monitoring, thus sorting, reuse and recycling should be encouraged to reduce the metal loads over time.

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