Predicting soil organic matter content in southwestern Ontario fields using imagery from high-resolution digital cameras

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D.L. Gregory ◽  
J D Lauzon ◽  
I P O’Halloran ◽  
R J Heck
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Image Intensity

The spatial pattern of soil organic matter (SOM) content may provide information for variable-rate fertilizer nitrogen recommendations, but often requires intensive soil sampling to be properly characterized. This study evaluated whether imagery of bare soils obtained using a high-resolution digital camera system may be used to predict SOM content in southwestern Ontario fields. Using the camera system, image intensity was measured in near-infrared (0.70–0.80 µm) and visible red (0.60–0.70 µm), green (0.50–0.60 µm), and blue (0.40–0.50 µm) wavebands underboth controlled and field conditions for soil samples representative of the range in SOM typically found in southwestern Ontario fields. Under controlled conditions, SOM content did not relate well to image intensity measured in any waveband when multiple soil types were used (r2 ≤ 0.39). Without multiple soil types, image intensity in all wavebands related to SOM content for soil samples taken from two of the sites (r2 ≥ 0.53 for both sites). Image intensity measured under field conditions related to SOM content for only one site (r2 ≥ 0.54 for all wavebands). Variability between SOM content and image intensity shown in this study is most likely attributed to the relative variability in SOM content and confounding factors such as surface residue. Key words: Soil organic matter, soil reflectance, high-resolution digital camera, aerial imagery

scholarly journals Organic-Matter Activity of Some Typical Soils of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Fernando Abruña-Rodríguez ◽  
José Vicente-Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Close Association ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Considerable Portion

The exchange capacity of the organic matter in typical soils of Puerto Rico was evaluated from: (1) The variation in the exchange capacity of soil samples following destruction of the organic matter, (2) titration curves of extracted organic matter, (3) and the correlations between exchange capacity and organic-matter content of soil samples. The first method was the most practical and gave fairly accurate results. The second method gave results which were in all cases too high. The third method, though probably the most accurate, is impractical. Results obtained with the first and third methods were similar. The exchange capacity of the organic matter varied rather widely, but was generally between 100 and 150 m.e. per 100 gm. On the average it accounted for about 25 percent of the total exchange capacity of the soils studied. The organic matter removed by flotation had the highest exchange capacity and the more readily oxidizable portions generally appeared to be the most active. This suggests the importance of conserving the more readily lost portions of the soil organic matter. A considerable portion of the soil organic matter was extremely resistant to oxidation, had a narrow C:N ratio, and apparently little exchange capacity. This suggests a close association between the organic matter and the inorganic soil colloids. The marked resistance to oxidation of a considerable portion of the organic matter may partly explain the high contents found even in continuously cultivated soils in Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT OF MAIN SOIL ORDERS IN KURDISTAN REGION USING TWO DIFFERENT METHODS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoshnaw & Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Equation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Dry Combustion

This study was conducted to compare between two methods of soil organic matter determination for main soil orders in Kurdistan region/Iraq, for this purpose forty-five soil samples were taken then the organic matter was determined using chemical (Walkley-Black (wet) method and loss-on-ignition method (dry) combustion method. The results indicated the significant correlation (r = 0.88**) between the studied methods It means there is good adjustment to convert organic matter by loss-on-ignition method (dry) to Walkley-Black (wet) method organic matter by this linear equation (organic matter by loss-on-ignition =1.651* Walkley-Black method organic matter +2.1877) this equation can be used to convert organic matter by two methods for Mollisols(M), Vertisols(V) and Aridisols(A) in Hawler(H), Sulaimani(S) and Duhok(D) governorates, this equation is very important and economic to determine and convert dry method to wet method, the amount of organic matter for M, V, A was recorded the highest value (49.5, 24.8, 20 gkg-1) respectively for Mollisols, Vertisols, and Aridisols at Hawler (H), Sulaimani (S), and Duhok(D) respectively for (DM5, SV4, DA1) in Duhok Mollisols, Sulaimani Vertisols and Duhok Aridisol respectively for walk- black (wet) method, the highest value for dry method organic matter in Mollisols, Vertisols, Aridisols was recorded (97.6, 77.9, 50.3 g kg-1) for soil orders (MD3, VD4, AD4) respectively.

Movement and Distribution of Pyrazon in Soil

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Smith ◽  
W. F. Meggitt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Residue

Two months after 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone (pyrazon) application (2.7 kg/ha), 80 to 100% of the total residue (1.3 to 4.2 μg/g) was in the upper 5 cm of soil. Herbicide movement occurred in soils that contained 3.8% organic matter or less. Pyrazon did not move below 10 cm or accumulate in soil as a result of movement. Adsorption of pyrazon was related to soil organic matter content (r = 0.90) and accounted for differences in herbicide movement previously observed. Calculations of pyrazon movement, based on soil organic matter content, coincided with depths of movement observed under field conditions.

scholarly journals Soil properties during transition from conventional to organic farming system in Kavre District, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Biboss Maharjan ◽  
Anon Chaulagain ◽  
Parikrama Sapkota ◽  
Dhurva P. Gauchan ◽  
Janardan Lamichanne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Farming System

 The aim of this study was to investigate the response of soil physical and chemical properties during the transition from conventional to organic farming system. Soil samples were collected from five different farms: “Hasera organic farm” under 10 years of organic farming, “Everything organic nursery” under 5 years of organic farming, “Grameen Krishi” under 3 years of transition from conventional to organic, “Gautamshree farm” under 1 years of transition from conventional to organic and “Kuntabeshi farm” under IPM practice as reference. Soil bulk density, moisture content, texture, NPK, CEC and soil organic matter was evaluated in soil samples collected at 0-15 cm. Soil organic matter (5.45%) was highest in Hasera farm, whereas lowest bulk density (1.02gcm-3) was also in Hasera farm. Lowest soil organic matter content was found in Gautamshree farm. Soils of all farms were under loam texture. Soil macronutrients were highest in Grameen Krishi farm. The overall pH value of all soil samples was slightly acidic to acidic.Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 13, No. 1, 2017, Page: 76-84

scholarly journals Guidelines for precise lime management based on high-resolution soil pH, texture and SOM maps generated from proximal soil sensing data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bönecke ◽  
Swen Meyer ◽  
Sebastian Vogel ◽  
Ingmar Schröter ◽  
Robin Gebbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Proximal Soil Sensing

Abstract Soil acidification is caused by natural paedogenetic processes and anthropogenic impacts but can be counteracted by regular lime application. Although sensors and applicators for variable-rate liming (VRL) exist, there are no established strategies for using these tools or helping to implement VRL in practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide guidelines for site-specific liming based on proximal soil sensing. First, high-resolution soil maps of the liming-relevant indicators (pH, soil texture and soil organic matter content) were generated using on-the-go sensors. The soil acidity was predicted by two ion-selective antimony electrodes (RMSEpH: 0.37); the soil texture was predicted by a combination of apparent electrical resistivity measurements and natural soil-borne gamma emissions (RMSEclay: 0.046 kg kg−1); and the soil organic matter (SOM) status was predicted by a combination of red (660 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 970 nm) optical reflection measurements (RMSESOM: 6.4 g kg−1). Second, to address the high within-field soil variability (pH varied by 2.9 units, clay content by 0.44 kg kg−1 and SOM by 5.5 g kg−1), a well-established empirical lime recommendation algorithm that represents the best management practices for liming in Germany was adapted, and the lime requirements (LRs) were determined. The generated workflow was applied to a 25.6 ha test field in north-eastern Germany, and the variable LR was compared to the conventional uniform LR. The comparison showed that under the uniform liming approach, 63% of the field would be over-fertilized by approximately 12 t of lime, 6% would receive approximately 6 t too little lime and 31% would still be adequately limed.

scholarly journals Geophysical estimation of shallow permafrost distribution and properties in an ice-wedge polygon-dominated Arctic tundra region

Geophysics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. WA247-WA263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Dafflon ◽  
Susan Hubbard ◽  
Craig Ulrich ◽  
John Peterson ◽  
Yuxin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Ice Content

Shallow permafrost distribution and characteristics are important for predicting ecosystem feedbacks to a changing climate over decadal to century timescales because they can drive active layer deepening and land surface deformation, which in turn can significantly affect hydrologic and biogeochemical responses, including greenhouse gas dynamics. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments-Arctic, we have investigated shallow Arctic permafrost characteristics at a site in Barrow, Alaska, with the objective of improving our understanding of the spatial distribution of shallow permafrost, its associated properties, and its links with landscape microtopography. To meet this objective, we have acquired and integrated a variety of information, including electric resistance tomography data, frequency-domain electromagnetic induction data, laboratory core analysis, petrophysical studies, high-resolution digital surface models, and color mosaics inferred from kite-based landscape imaging. The results of our study provide a comprehensive and high-resolution examination of the distribution and nature of shallow permafrost in the Arctic tundra, including the estimation of ice content, porosity, and salinity. Among other results, porosity in the top 2 m varied between 85% (besides ice wedges) and 40%, and was negatively correlated with fluid salinity. Salinity directly influenced ice and unfrozen water content and indirectly influenced the soil organic matter content. A relatively continuous but depth-variable increase in salinity led to a partially unfrozen saline layer (cryopeg) located below the top of the permafrost. The cryopeg environment could lead to year-round microbial production of greenhouse gases. Results also indicated a covariability between topography and permafrost characteristics including ice-wedge and salinity distribution. In addition to providing insight about the Arctic ecosystem, through integration of lab-based petrophysical results with field data, this study also quantified the key controls on electric resistivity at this Arctic permafrost site, including salinity, porosity, water content, ice content, soil organic matter content, and lithologic properties.

scholarly journals Soil nitrogen supply of peat grasslands estimated by degree days and soil organic matter content

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
J. Pijlman ◽  
G. Holshof ◽  
W. van den Berg ◽  
G. H. Ros ◽  
J. W. Erisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Supply
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