On the effect of lava viscosity on the magnetic fabric intensity in alkaline volcanic rocks

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hrouda ◽  
M. Chlupáčová ◽  
K. Schulmann ◽  
J. Šmíd ◽  
P. Závada
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Lebedev ◽  
Olesya Usanova ◽  
Tanya Fadeeva ◽  
Florian Lhuillier ◽  
Baha Eid ◽  
...  

<p class="db9fe9049761426654245bb2dd862eecMsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt (OChVB),  located in the north-eastern part of Russia, is a unique volcanic structure, which has been formed over a wide time interval from Aptian (K1) to Cenomanian (K2) [Tihomirov, 2018]. Age of its formation nearly coincides with the occurrence of the Cretaceous geomagnetic superchron of normal polarity. Thus, the volcanic formations of the OChVB represent a promising object to study the characteristics of the geomagnetic field during the Cretaceous superchron (direction, paleointensity, secular variations) needed to test various models explaining superchrons’s existence .</span></p> <p class="db9fe9049761426654245bb2dd862eecMsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">During the reconnaissance field work of the summer 2019 we have sampled volcanic rocks in 9 sections each includes from 8 to 30 sites corresponding either to lava flow or to tuff layers.</span></p> <p class="db9fe9049761426654245bb2dd862eecMsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Up to date we have carried out AF demagnetization, petromagnetic and AMS studies. Demagnetisations studies demonstrate that the rocks contain paleomagnetic record of the ancient (primary?) magnetization of good to excellent quality. Petromagnetic experiments indicate that the main magnetic mineral in majority of studied volcanics is titanomagnetite with pseudo-single domain grain size. We use the magnetic fabric derived from AMS studies to test either the modern attitude (slight dipping up to 10-15˚) of studied rocks is due to primary paleorelief or the rocks have experienced some tectonic deformations.</span></p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Simon-Muzas ◽  
Antonio M Casas-Sainz ◽  
Ruth Soto ◽  
Elisabet Beamud ◽  
Belén Oliva-Urcia ◽  
...  

<p>This work presents preliminary paleomagnetic results from the Cadí basin, one of the Pyrenean Late-Carboniferous-Permian basins.</p><p>These basins are the consequence of a complex tectonic evolution. At the outset, they were controlled by an extensional or transtensional regime during the progressive dismantling of the Variscan chain that gradually changed to a strike-slip fault regime. Afterwards, during Pyrenean compression (Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic) most of these basins were inverted and transported southwards as a part of the basement units. All of them are characterized by a similar subsidence pattern interpreted as graben or half-graben continental troughs. In a close relationship with its genesis, during Late-Carboniferous-Permian times, several magmatic events took place. Because of that, fluvio-lacustrine sediments present lateral changes to volcanic and volcanoclastic deposits and materials are sometimes cut by intrusions.</p><p>The studied zone, the Cadí basin, is located at the eastern Pyrenees, south of the Axial Zone, and shows a high variability of Late-Carboniferous-Permian volcanic products in E-W continuous outcrops that reach several hundred meters of thickness with a good preservation and exposition. The Late Carboniferous-Permian evolution of the Cadí basin was strongly controlled by tectonics and volcanism. In order to characterize this stage and its volcanic rocks, we applied in a previous work the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) technique to determine the primary magnetic fabric of lava flows and volcanoclastic materials. A dominant WNW-ESE direction of the magnetic lineation was recognized related to the paleoflow direction. Paramagnetic minerals and magnetite were recognized as the main carriers of the AMS.</p><p>In this work we present the paleomagnetic results from 15 sites (about 150 specimens) in volcanic, volcanoclastic and intrusive materials sampled along four N-S cross sections. The obtained results indicate that the carrier of the magnetization are both magnetite and haematite. The thermal demagnetization of samples shows a paleomagnetic component with unblocking temperatures from 480ºC with reversed polarity and very low inclination after bedding correction. In some sites a normal polarity component is also recognized. These results seem to be coherent with a magnetization coetaneous with the emission and deposition of these materials during Permian times. In cases where the samples record a normal component is important to take into account the complex structural situation of these outcrops.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 821-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago R Moncinhatto ◽  
Maurício B Haag ◽  
Gelvam A Hartmann ◽  
Jairo F Savian ◽  
Wilbor Poletti ◽  
...  

SUMMARY Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility is a petrofabric tool used to estimate the alignment of minerals at the site-scale, the imbrication between the magnetic foliation and the emplacement surface being an indicator of flow direction. However, despite numerous studies examining the flow direction in pyroclastic deposits and lava flows, the effect of magnetic mineralogy and the domain state of ferromagnetic phases on the magnetic fabric remains poorly understood. This paper describes the magnetic mineralogy and its influence on the magnetic fabric of Plio-Pleistocene lava flows and ignimbrites of the Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex in the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone, Argentina. Rock magnetism, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and anhysteretic remanent magnetization and petrographic observations were performed on 30 sites of the volcanic complex. Results revealed the extrusive and pyroclastic rocks present varied magnetic mineralogy, formed in different stages of the magmatic evolution. Magnetic mineralogy variations strongly affect the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data in volcanic rocks and associated ignimbrites, providing ‘scattered’ fabrics when late Ti-rich titanomagnetite phases dominate the fabric, and ‘inverse’ or ‘intermediate’ fabrics when single-domain grains are present. ‘Normal’ fabrics are typically found when early crystallized pure magnetite is present. Our results highlight the complexity in the interpretation of magnetic anisotropy data in volcanic rocks and ignimbrites.


Author(s):  
Gejing Li ◽  
D. R. Peacor ◽  
D. S. Coombs ◽  
Y. Kawachi

Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) have led to many new insights into the structural and chemical characteristics of very finegrained, optically homogeneous mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks. Chemical compositions obtained by electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) on such materials have been shown by TEM/AEM to result from beam overlap on contaminant phases on a scale below resolution of EMPA, which in turn can lead to errors in interpretation and determination of formation conditions. Here we present an in-depth analysis of the relation between AEM and EMPA data, which leads also to the definition of new mineral phases, and demonstrate the resolution power of AEM relative to EMPA in investigations of very fine-grained mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks.Celadonite, having end-member composition KMgFe3+Si4O10(OH)2, and with minor substitution of Fe2+ for Mg and Al for Fe3+ on octahedral sites, is a fine-grained mica widespread in volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic sediments which have undergone low-temperature alteration in the oceanic crust and in burial metamorphic sequences.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document