Doubting Pritchard’s account of hinge propositions

Author(s):  
Jonathan Nebel
Keyword(s):  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 309-325
Author(s):  
John Greco

A promising idea in the recent literature is that the concept of knowledge serves to govern the flow of actionable information within a community of information sharers. In this connection, several authors have argued that knowledge is the “norm of assertion,” while others have explored the distinctive role of testimony in the transmission of knowledge. This paper investigates the role of “common knowledge” in such a community, and compares it to Wittgenstein’s notion of “hinge propositions” in On Certainty. Wittgenstein’s thinking is evaluated in this context, and an account of common knowledge along Wittgensteinian lines is considered. I do not here endorse the account of common knowledge that results. Rather, I consider some of the advantages and disadvantages of what looks to be a promising approach.


Author(s):  
Anderson Luis Nakano
Keyword(s):  
De Se ◽  

Este artigo revisita o clássico problema dos nomes próprios vazios, ou ainda, problema dos enunciados existenciais singulares negativos. Partindo de um parentesco deste problema com o problema (ou paradoxo) do falso, o artigo mostra, em um primeiro momento, como Aristóteles introduz uma distinção entre “nome” e “declaração” com o intuito de separar as condições de sentido das condições de verdade de um enunciado, abrindo assim a possibilidade para que um discurso seja falso sem ser, por isso, destituído de sentido. Em seguida, o artigo mostra como a ideia de que o sentido é anterior à verdade é radicalizada no Tractatus de Wittgenstein, radicalização que tem, como uma de suas consequências, a necessidade de se distinguir entre nomes próprios ordinários (que serão tratados como equivalentes a descrições) e nomes próprios logicamente genuínos, para os quais sequer se coloca a questão da existência ou não-existência. Em um terceiro momento, a atenção se volta à obra de Kripke a fim de mostrar como este, ao negar que os nomes próprios da linguagem ordinária sejam equivalentes a descrições, vai chegar, em sua análise dos enunciados existenciais negativos, à recusa daquilo que Aristóteles e Wittgenstein punham como pressuposto, a saber, a anterioridade do sentido de um enunciado em relação à sua verdade ou falsidade. A partir disso, algumas conclusões um tanto quanto paradoxais são extraídas da análise de Kripke para estes enunciados. Por fim, o artigo busca fornecer uma via para entendê-las por meio de uma comparação, ainda que bastante breve, desses enunciados com aquilo que Wittgenstein chama, na sua última obra, de proposições fulcrais (hinge propositions).


Author(s):  
Nuno Venturinha ◽  

This paper explores central themes of Duncan Pritchard’s epistemology intimately related to the Wittgensteinian idea of a “hinge epistemology”. The first section calls attention to the eminently empirical character of our “hinges”. The second section focuses on Pritchard’s notion of “arational hinge commitments”, more specifically his distinction between the pair “über hinge commitments”/“über hinge propositions” and the pair “personal hinge commitments”/“personal hinge propositions”. The third section brings to the discussion Timothy Williamson’s view of “inexact knowledge” and examines another pair of notions introduced by Pritchard, namely “antiskeptical hinge commitments”/“antiskeptical hinge propositions”. I conclude with a reevaluation of the diagnosis made by Pritchard that, confronted with a sceptical scenario, our “epistemic angst” can be surpassed if we follow Wittgenstein’s teaching in On Certainty about the “structure of rational evaluation”, but that an “epistemic vertigo” can never be ultimately dispelled. My argument is that in a moral scenario there is no room for vertigo.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 274-308
Author(s):  
Hans-Johann Glock

This paper is devoted to the role hinge propositions play or should play in epistemology and meta-philosophy. It starts by distinguishing different ways in which propositions can be basic or fundamental and by arguing that the foundational status of hinge propositions cannot be reduced to any of the others. The second part maintains that hinges have anti-sceptical potential, provided that one combines Wittgenstein’s critique of sense with Moore’s method of differential certainty. The final part briefly considers implications of the idea of hinge propositions for two debates in which they have not featured so far—once concerning peer disagreement, the other the role of intuitions in philosophy.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Agata Orłowicz

<p>The thesis puts forward a new interpretation of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s On Certainty and contrasts it with the standard reading of the book, also known in literature as the Framework Reading. The Framework Reading sees hinge propositions, that is our most basic and indubitable beliefs, as framing our practice of talking about the world, and, therefore, external to this practice. As such, they are seen as not truth-apt, purely regulative in character and our relation to them as non-epistemic. According to the interpretation put forward in this thesis, we should instead see hinges as uncontroversially correct moves in our practice of talking about the world, and, therefore, we should see them as obviously true and playing both a regulative and a descriptive role.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 346-366
Author(s):  
Annalisa Coliva

Abstract In this paper I argue that, contrary to what several prominent scholars of On Certainty have claimed, Wittgenstein did not maintain that simple mathematical propositions like “2 × 2 = 4” or “12 × 12 = 144,” much like G. E. Moore’s truisms, could be examples of hinge propositions. In particular, given his overall conception of mathematics, it was impossible for him to single out these simpler mathematical propositions from the rest of mathematical statements, to reserve only to them a normative function. I then maintain that these mathematical examples were introduced merely as objects of comparison to bring out some peculiar features of the only hinges he countenanced in On Certainty, which were all outside the realm of mathematics. I then close by gesturing at how the distinction between mathematical hinges and non-hinges could be exemplified and by exploring its consequences with respect to (Wittgenstein’s) philosophy of mathematics.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaul Tor

Following the lead of Duncan Pritchard’s “Wittgensteinian Pyrrhonism,” this paper takes a further, comparative and contrastive look at the problem of justification in Sextus Empiricus and in Wittgenstein’sOn Certainty. I argue both that Pritchard’s stimulating account is problematic in certain important respects and that his insights contain much interpretive potential still to be pursued. Diverging from Pritchard, I argue that it is a significant and self-conscious aspect of Sextus’ sceptical strategies to call into question large segments of our belief systemen masseby exposing as apparently unjustifiable fundamental propositions which are closely related in their linchpin role to Wittgenstein’s hinge propositions. In the first instance, the result is a more complex account of both a deeper affinity between Wittgenstein’s approach to hinge propositions and Sextus’ approach to what I termarchaipropositions and a divergence between the two. In the second instance, I suggest how the comparison withOn Certaintycan be illuminating for the interpreter of Sextus. In particular, it can help us to see how the Pyrrhonist’s everyday conduct—common assumptions to the contrary notwithstanding—involves rational procedures of justification, in line with a naturalism reminiscent of Wittgenstein. Furthermore, it can help us to reflect on the Pyrrhonist’s attitude to what Wittgenstein would have called her ‘worldview’. Throughout, I suggest that the comparison with Wittgenstein is interesting, although it must be cashed out differently, not only on the interpretation—or, perhaps, strand—of ancient Pyrrhonism which has the sceptic exempt ordinary beliefs from her suspension of judgement, but also on the interpretation (or strand) which has her disavow all beliefs categorically.


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