scholarly journals Accumulation of valuable secondary metabolites: phenolic acids and flavonoids in different in vitro systems of shoot cultures of the endangered plant species—Eryngium alpinum L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kikowska ◽  
Barbara Thiem ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
In Vitro Systems

scholarly journals Protocol for efficient micropropagation of spring gentian and sand jurinea

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
H. Cvrčková ◽  
P. Máchová ◽  
J. Dostál ◽  
J. Malá
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
Primary Explants

Protocols for the in vitro propagation of two endangered plant species in the Czech Republic, Gentiana verna L. and Jurinea cyanoides (L.) Rchb., were established. In G. verna, the induction of organogenesis on vegetative shoots was successful on the basal 6% agar WPM medium with 200 mg&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1</sup>of glutamine, 200 mg&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1 </sup>of casein hydrolysate, 30 g&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1 </sup>of sucrose, 0.2 mg&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1 </sup>of BAP, and 0.1 mg&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1 </sup>of IBA. The multiplication of primary explants was achieved on 6% agar basal MS medium with the same concentrations of substances mentioned above. In J. cyanoides, the induction of organogenesis and multiplication of its vegetative shoots were successful on MS medium with the same concentration of added substances used in G. verna. On the basal MS medium of 1/3 concentration with 3 mg&middot;l<sup>&ndash;1 </sup>of IBA 70&ndash;75% rooting efficiency of G. verna microcuttings and 40% rooting efficiency of J. cyanoides microcuttings were reached. The mortality during acclimatization did not exceed 20% for G. verna and 25% for J. cyanoides. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf Ex Holmes: An Endemic and Critically Endangered Plant Species of the Western Himalaya

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Shah Rafiq ◽  
Nasir Aziz Wagay ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo ◽  
Sumaira Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
Chilling Treatment

Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes, a highly valued medicinal plant, is a critically endangered plant species with restricted global distribution. Because there is no published report on the in vitro micropropagation of A. chasmanthum, the present study was undertaken to contribute to the development of an efficient micropropagation protocol for its conservation. Seeds collected from the wild showed enhanced germination after being given a chilling treatment (−4 °C and −20 °C) for different durations (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). Seeds given a chilling treatment of −4 °C for 10 days showed enhanced germination rates of 47.59 ± 0.53% with a mean germination time of 10.78 ± 0.21 days compared to seeds kept at room temperature when grown in an MS basal medium. Nodes, leaves and stems, taken from 20–40-day-old seedlings, were used as an explant for micropropagation. An MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, Kn), auxins (2,4-D, NAA), and an additive adenine sulphate were tested for callusing, direct shoot regeneration and rooting. Only nodal explants responded and showed direct multiple shoot regeneration with 7 ± 0.36 shoots with an elongation of 5.51 ± 0.26 cm in the MS medium supplemented with BAP 0.5 mg/L, and with a response time (RT) of 10.41 ± 0.51 days and a percentage culture response of 77.77 ± 2.77%. Rhizome formation was observed after 8 weeks, with the highest culture response of 36.66 ± 3.33% in the MS basal media with an RT of 43.75 ± 0.50 days. These rhizomes showed a 60% germination rate within 2 weeks and developed into plantlets. The present in vitro regeneration protocol could be used for the large-scale propagation and conservation of A. chasmanthum.

scholarly journals Production of Δ7-Sterols from In Vitro Root Cultures of Endangered Gypsophila trichotoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Petranka Zdraveva ◽  
Pavlinka Popova ◽  
Aleksandar Shkondrov ◽  
Ilina Krasteva ◽  
Iliana Ionkova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Data Book

Species from the genus Gypsophila are known for their medicinal, industrial and decorative applications. G. trichotoma Wend. is an endangered plant species for the Bulgarian flora according to the Red Data Book. Δ7-Sterols, which are unusual and rare in the plant kingdom, are present in the roots of this species. In previous studies different in vitro cultures were established from aerial parts of the species. The objective of this study was to explore the possibility for production of Δ7-sterols from in vitro cultured roots of G. trichotoma. The root cultures were grown on six modified MS media and the quantity of sterols was analyzed. These findings will serve to solve the important matter of the role of nutrients on sterols biosynthesis.

Caffeoylquinic Acids with Potential Biological Activity from Plant In vitro Cultures as Alternative Sources of Valuable Natural Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 2817-2842
Author(s):  
Ewa Skała ◽  
Joanna Makowczyńska ◽  
Joanna Wieczfinska ◽  
Tomasz Kowalczyk ◽  
Przemysław Sitarek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Transformed Roots ◽  
Transgenic Roots ◽  
Plant In Vitro Cultures

Background: For a long time, the researchers have been looking for new efficient methods to enhance production and obtain valuable plant secondary metabolites, which would contribute to the protection of the natural environment through the preservation of various plant species, often rare and endangered. These possibilities offer plant in vitro cultures which can be performed under strictly-controlled conditions, regardless of the season or climate and environmental factors. Biotechnological methods are promising strategies for obtaining the valuable plant secondary metabolites with various classes of chemical compounds including caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) and their derivatives. CQAs have been found in many plant species which are components in the daily diet and exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hepato- and neuroprotective, anti-hyperglycemic, anticancer, antiviral and antimicrobial activities. They have also been found to offer protection against Alzheimer’s disease, and play a role in weight reduction and lipid metabolism control, as well as modulating the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase involved in glucose metabolism. Methods: This work presents the review of the recent advances in use in vitro cultures of various plant species for the alternative system to the production of CQAs and their derivatives. Production of the secondary metabolites in in vitro culture is usually performed with cell suspension or organ cultures, such as shoots and adventitious or transformed roots. To achieve high production of valuable secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures, the optimization of the culture condition is necessary with respect to both biomass accumulation and metabolite content. The optimization of the culture conditions can be achieved by choosing the type of medium, growth regulators or growth conditions, selection of high-productivity lines or culture period, supplementation of the culture medium with precursors or elicitor treatments. Cultivation for large-scale in bioreactors and genetic engineering: Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation and expression improvement of transcriptional factor or genes involved in the secondary metabolite production pathway are also efficient strategies for enhancement of the valuable secondary metabolites. Results: Many studies have been reported to obtain highly productive plant in vitro cultures with respect to CQAs. Among these valuable secondary metabolites, the most abundant compound accumulated in in vitro cultures was 5-CQA (chlorogenic acid). Highly productive cultures with respect to this phenolic acid were Leonurus sibiricus AtPAP1 transgenic roots, Lonicera macranthoides and Eucomia ulmoides cell suspension cultures which accumulated above 20 mg g-1 DW 5-CQA. It is known that di- and triCQAs are less common in plants than monoCQAs, but it was also possible to obtain them by biotechnological methods. Conclusion: The results indicate that the various in vitro cultures of different plant species can be a profitable approach for the production of CQAs. In particular, an efficient production of these valuable compounds is possible by Lonicera macranthoides and Eucomia ulmoides cell suspension cultures, Leonurus sibiricus transformed roots and AtPAP1 transgenic roots, Echinacea angustifolia adventitious shoots, Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed plants, Lavandula viridis shoots, Sausera involucrata cell suspension and Cichorium intybus transformed roots.

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