scholarly journals Secret Hunger: The Case of Anorexia Nervosa

Topoi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Sociological Studies

Abstract Anorexia nervosa is currently classed as a mental disorder. It is considered as a puzzling condition, scarcely understood and recalcitrant to treatment. This paper reviews the main hypotheses relating to the aetiology of anorexia nervosa. In particular, it focuses on family and sociological studies of anorexia. By reflecting on the hypotheses provided within these domains, and on the questions that these studies leave unanswered, this paper suggests that anorexic behaviour is understandable and rational, if seen in light of ordinary moral values.

scholarly journals Hidden substance: mental disorder as a challenge to normatively neutral accounts of autonomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Freyenhagen ◽  
Tom O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Functional Tests

AbstractMental capacity and autonomy are often understood to be normatively neutral – the only values or other norms they may presuppose are those the assessed person does or would accept. We show how mental disorder threatens normatively neutral accounts of autonomy. These accounts produce false positives, particularly in the case of disorders (such as depression, anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia) that affect evaluative abilities. Two normatively neutral strategies for handling autonomy-undermining disorder are explored and rejected: a blanket exclusion of mental disorder, and functional tests requiring consistency, expression of identity, reflective non-alienation or lack of compulsion. Finally, we suggest ways in which substantivist alternatives to neutrality can be made more promising through increased transparency, democratic contestability of conditions for capacity and autonomy, and a historically sensitive caution concerning restrictions of liberty.

scholarly journals GANGGUAN MAKAN ANOREXIA NERVOSA DAN BULIMIA NERVOSA PADA REMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hetty Krisnani ◽  
Meilanny Budiarti Santoso ◽  
Destin Putri
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRAKMasa remaja merupakan masa perubahan dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi adalah perubahan komposisi tubuh, terutama akumulasi lemak tubuh pada remaja puteri. Dengan adanya akumulasi lemak tubuh tersebut, ada anggapan bahwa mereka tidak memiliki tubuh semenarik yang diinginkan. Hal ini akan mendorong remaja puteri mencari jalan keluar agar memiliki tampilan fisik yang ideal, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan perubahan kebiasaan makan yang umumnya menyimpang. Kebiasaan makan yang tidak benar itu dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya gangguan makan atau eating disorder yang dapat berdampak buruk bagi remaja. Eating disorders (ED) merupakan gangguan mental yang meskipun berhubungan dengan pola makan dan berat badan, gangguan tersebut bukanlah mengenai makanan, tetapi mengenai perasaan dan ekspresi diri. Pada umumnya, penderita ED adalah mereka yang memiliki kepercayaan diri rendah. Terdapat dua macam ED, yaitu anorexia nervosa dan bulimia nervosa. Kedua gangguan tersebut mempunyai tujuan yang sama, yaitu menguruskan badan. ABSTRACTAdolescence is a time of dramatic change in a person. One of the changes that occur are changes in body composition, especially the accumulation of body fat in girls. Given the accumulation of body fat, there is the assumption that they do not have a body as attractive as desired. This will encourage the girls find a way out in order to have the ideal physical appearance, one is to change eating habits are generally distorted. Improper eating habits can result in eating disorders or disordered eating can be bad for teens. Eating disorders (ED) is a mental disorder even though associated with diet and weight, the disorder is not about food, but about feelings and self-expression. In general, patients with ED are those who have low confidence. There are two kinds of ED, namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Both of these disorders have the same goal, which is to lose weight.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Care in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for AN in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Thought Patterns

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder, affecting mainly females in society. Understanding partially the factor of the disorder, researchers also designed several therapies to alleviate AN. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which focuses on changing thought patterns of patients, and addressing inappropriate behaviors, is one of the beneficial therapies. In China, females whose disorder are caused by environmental factors are highly recommended to have CBT. To successfully realize the use of CBT to AN, we have to understand the strategy and treatment.

scholarly journals Yakut Mentality Studies in Psychology and Related Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-706
Author(s):  
N. D. Eliseeva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Impact

The article provides an analysis of various studies conducted in the sphere of Yakut mentality within the framework of psychology and related sciences. The history of the study of Yakut mentality is divided into three periods, i.e. pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and Russian, which demonstrate a strong historical continuity. The first pre-revolutionary studies of Yakut mentality were purely ethnographic and benefited from numerous political exiles. The ethnographic essays of that period featured the structure and characteristics of the Yakut family and the attitude to the surrounding social and natural world, as well as spiritual and moral values. During the Soviet period, sociological studies of migration processes and interethnic perception became more relevant. Pre-revolutionary and soviet studies became the basis for further research in philosophy, pedagogy, and psychology after the collapse of the USSR. Modern studies revealed a change in Yakut mentality under the impact of historical and social events. In spite of these changes, the following features of traditional Yakut mentality have survived: respect for nature, an expanded understanding of the family concept, gender-role features, and inter-ethnic tolerance. However, the ethnic identity of the Chukchi, the Evens and the Evenks has changed.

scholarly journals Moral values and environmental responsibility for future generations: case study of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 07028
Author(s):  
Dina Kazantseva ◽  
Elena Tkach ◽  
Irina Sokolovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Psychological Coping ◽  
Russian Citizen

Annotation. Spiritual and moral values and motives are historically the basis of the mental matrix of the Russian citizen, determining the development and acting as a psychological coping mechanism in a crisis. In the modern world, it is spiritual values and motives that are being transformed. Mental protection of a personality based on the integrity of primal archetypes of the collective unconscious, creating mental traits and identity is interrupted, which leads to destructive changes, specifically, deprivation, alienation, deviance. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to identify the features of the transformation of spiritual and moral values of modern Russians. In the course of four sociological studies in 2007, 2009, 2010, 2019 in the regions of Russia, the values of schoolchildren (15-17 years), students (17-22 years), working youth (23-29 years) were studied. The research was based on personal, activity oriented, systemic and subjective approaches. It resulted in the consideration of the dynamics of personal values’ changes from 2007 to 2019, revealing the integrity of basic, spiritual, and moral values, which are fundamental for the personality formation of a Russian living in a particular historical and geographical environment.

scholarly journals GANGGUAN MAKAN ANOREXIA NERVOSA DAN BULIMIA NERVOSA PADA REMAJA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Hetty Krisnani ◽  
Meilanny Budiarti Santoso ◽  
Destin Putri
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRAKMasa remaja merupakan masa perubahan dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi adalahperubahan komposisi tubuh, terutama akumulasi lemak tubuh pada remaja puteri. Dengan adanya akumulasi lemak tubuh tersebut, ada anggapan bahwa mereka tidak memiliki tubuh semenarik yang diinginkan. Hal ini akan mendorong remaja puteri mencari jalan keluar agar memiliki tampilan fisik yang ideal, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan perubahan kebiasaan makan yang umumnya menyimpang. Kebiasaan makan yang tidak benar itu dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya  gangguan makan atau eating disorder yang dapat berdampak buruk bagi remaja.  Eating disorders (ED) merupakan gangguan mental yang meskipun berhubungan dengan pola makan dan berat badan, gangguan tersebut bukanlah mengenai makanan, tetapi mengenai perasaan dan ekspresi diri. Pada umumnya, penderita ED adalah mereka yang memiliki kepercayaan diri rendah. Terdapat dua macam ED, yaitu anorexia nervosa dan bulimia nervosa. Kedua gangguan tersebut mempunyai tujuan yang sama, yaitu menguruskan badan. ABSTRACTAdolescence is a time of dramatic change in a person. One of the changes that occur are changes in body composition, especially the accumulation of body fat in girls. Given the accumulation of body fat, there is the assumption that they do not have a body as attractive as desired. This will encourage the girls find a way out in order to have the ideal physical appearance, one is to change eating habits are generally distorted.  Improper eating habits can result in eating disorders or disordered eating can be bad for teens. Eating disorders (ED) is a mental disorder even though associated with diet and weight, the disorder is not about food, but about feelings and self-expression. In general, patients with ED are those who have low confidence. There are two kinds of ED, namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Both of these disorders have the same goal, which is to lose weight.

scholarly journals Why use predictive processing to explain psychopathology? The case of anorexia nervosa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Gadsby ◽  
Jakob Hohwy
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Statistical Learning ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
The Core ◽  
Prediction Error Minimization ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning ◽  
Processing Framework

Predictive processing accounts are increasingly called upon to explain mental disorder. They seem to provide an attractive explanatory framework because the core idea of prediction error minimization can be applied to simultaneously account for several perceptual, attentional and reasoning deficits often implicated in mental disorder. However, it can be unclear how much is gained by such accounts: the proffered explanations can appear to have several weaknesses such as being too liberal, too shallow, or too wedded to formal notions of statistical learning. Here, we taxonomise the relatively unrecognised variety of explanatory tools under the framework and discuss how they can be employed to provide substantial explanations. We then apply the framework to anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder that is characterised by a complex set of perceptual, reasoning and decision-making problems. We conclude that the predictive processing framework is a valuable type of explanation for psychopathology.

Starving to death and the anorexic frame of mind

2022 ◽  
pp. 136346152110666
Author(s):  
Jennifer Radden
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Medical Epistemology ◽  
Epistemic Warrant

Because some forms of self-starvation such as hunger striking are exempt from attributions of pathology, and due to incomplete understanding of its etiology, anorexia nervosa (AN) is and must presently be defined by psychological criteria as well as behavioral and bodily measures. Although opaque, typical motivational frames of mind in AN lack the apparent cognitive and volitional dysfunction usually indicating disorder. In contrast to other conditions that exhibit more evident dysfunction, this distinguishes AN from the perspective of medical epistemology: the opacity of AN motivation jeopardizing the epistemic warrant for assigning it to the category of a mental disorder (and so influencing decisions over diagnosis and recovery). This seems to invite non-medical approaches to its prevention and care.

Special, radical, failure of reduction in psychiatry

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Ross
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Gambling Addiction ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Special Radical ◽  
Intentional Relationships

AbstractUse of network models to identify causal structure typically blocks reduction across the sciences. Entanglement of mental processes with environmental and intentional relationships, as Borsboom et al. argue, makes reduction of psychology to neuroscience particularly implausible. However, in psychiatry, a mental disorder can involve no brain disorder at all, even when the former crucially depends on aspects of brain structure. Gambling addiction constitutes an example.

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