Palynomorph distribution in a mangrove ecosystem along environmental and salinity gradient: a tool for palaeoecological reconstruction

Reliability of grass phytoliths for discriminating different deltaic sub-environments has been assessed on the modern surface sediments collected along the salinity gradient of the Sunderbans delta, India. It has been observed that grass phytolith assemblages can successfully distinguish different deltaic sub-environments especially the true mangrove zones from the mangrove associate and non-mangrove zones with minor overlaps, which further corroborated with the results of discriminant analysis (DA). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) performed on the surface grass phytolith data show that salinity is the most crucial environmental parameter influencing grass phytolith distribution in the deltaic sub-environments. The potential of modern grass phytolith data in reconstructing past deltaic environmental changes has been further assessed on a late Quaternary fossil phytolith spectra from the Sunderbans spanning a sedimentary record for the last ~13.6 ka. A true mangrove environment with discernible tidal influence has been revealed between 13.6 and 3.9 ka. Absence of true mangrove–indicator grass phytoliths between ~3.9 and 2.2 ka further suggests disappearance of mangrove vegetation from this part of the Sunderbans which might have recolonized during ~2.2–0.8 ka. A mangrove associated or non-mangrove environment with little or no tidal influence came into existence in the study area since 0.8 ka onwards. A comparison with some earlier records suggests that the present grass phytolith-based palaeoenvironmental data shows conformity with the past dynamics in mangrove ecosystem in the east coast of India in respect to relative sea level changes.

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Osmotic and Turgor Relations of Three Mangrove Ecosystem Species

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9890477 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 477 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

F Rada ◽

G Goldstein ◽

A Orozco ◽

M Montilla ◽

O Zabala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Relations ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Salinity Gradient ◽

Rhizophora Mangle ◽

Mangrove Ecosystem ◽

Dry Season ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Conocarpus Erectus ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Leaf Tissues

The water relations of three mangrove ecosystem species, Rhizophora mangle, Conocarpus erectus and Coccoloba uvifera were investigated in an intertidal zone of the Venezuelan coast. The influence of a salinity gradient (from seashore to inland) and seasonal fluctuations in salinity were studied. Daily courses of leaf water and osmotic potentials and other water relations characteristics were estimated from pressure-volume curves. All species exhibited a decrease in osmotic potential of leaf tissues during the dry season when salinity levels increased in ground water. This osmotic adjustment was due to changes in either the symplasmic water fraction, the osmotically active solutes in leaf cells, or both. Changes in cell wall elasticity were also observed. The cell walls were more rigid during the dry season in all three species. Rhizophora mangle, the species that grows closest to the sea, had much more rigid cell walls than the other two species. The adaptive significance of these mechanisms for turgor maintenance and water uptake in mangrove habitats is discussed.

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Dependency of Air Heating and Cooling for Karbala Buildings on a Salinity Gradient Solar Pond Area

10.33329/aus.2019.n26.4.29 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 206-214

Keyword(s):

Salinity Gradient ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Solar Pond ◽

Air Heating

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Environmental controls on estuarine nitrifying communities along a salinity gradient

Aquatic Microbial Ecology ◽

10.3354/ame01847 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (2) ◽

pp. 167-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M Monteiro ◽

J Séneca ◽

L Torgo ◽

DFR Cleary ◽

NCM Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salinity Gradient ◽

Environmental Controls

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Species Density and Lead (Pb) Pollution in Mangrove Ecosystem, South Kalimantan

Jurnal Biodjati ◽

10.15575/biodjati.v5i1.7411 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 70-81

Author(s):

Anang Kadarsah ◽

Dafiuddin Salim ◽

Sadang Husain ◽

Marta Dinata

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Ph Value ◽

Coal Mines ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Mangrove Ecosystem ◽

Organic Content ◽

Species Density ◽

Pb Pollution ◽

Mangrove Ecosystems

Its crucial to get information about lead (Pb) heavy metal pollution from mining and oil palm plantation on species density in mangrove ecosystem, to anticipate its impacts. This study aimed is to compare the types and densities of vegetation in mangrove ecosystems allegedly due to mining in Setarap village, Tanah Bumbu Regency and oil palm plantations in Kuala Tambangan Village, Tanah Laut Regency. We also analysis the condition of waters (TDS, pH and DO) and organic content in sediments to acquire data from the South Kalimantan mangrove ecosystems. The results showed there were four species of true mangroves (Avicennia alba, Acanthus ebracteatus, Nypa fruticans and Rhizophora apiculate) could live well in the environment affected by mining or oil palm plantations. The species density for trees was low (933 ind/ha) for mangroves affected by coal mines, while those affected by oil palm plantations had higher densities (1,067 ind/ha). pH value of waters in affected area by coal mining showed more acidic value (pH 5.76) especially at the back, while those by palm oil plantations are more acidic (pH 6) in the estuary. Organic matter content in sediments affected by coal mines was in the range of 0.61-6.59%, while those affected by oil palm plantations showed higher values (0.12-2.19%). Lead heavy metal content (Pb) in waters affected by coal mines was 0.031-0.056 mg/L, while the area affected by oil palm plantations was of higher value (0.110-0.128 mg/L). Lead (Pb) levels in sediments indicate higher values than waters, which reach 3.512-6.046 mg/Kg (affected by coal mines), and in areas affected by oil palm plantations reaching 6.658-6.66 mg/Kg. The general conclusion is that vegetation densities in areas affected by coal mines are lower than oil palm plantations. The level of lead (Pb) pollution in the sediments is higher than in the waters.

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Mangrove Ecosystem Conditions In The Coast Teluk Pria Laot After Tsunami And Rehabilitation Efforts

Jurnal Segara ◽

10.15578/segara.v7i2.55 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Dini Purbani ◽

M. Boer ◽

Marimin . ◽

I Wayan Nurjaya ◽

F. Yulianda

Keyword(s):

Mangrove Ecosystem

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PROFIL KERAGAMAN VEGETASI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI DESA TAMUKU KABUPATEN LUWU UTARA

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.26858/jptp.v5i0.8564 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Suhendra Purnawan ◽

Subari Yanto ◽

Ernawati S.Kaseng

Keyword(s):

Survey Methods ◽

Mangrove Ecosystem ◽

Line Transect ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Vegetation Diversity ◽

Line Transect Survey ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Mangrove Vegetation ◽

Data Collection Technique ◽

The Impact

This study aims to describe the profile of vegetation diversity in the mangrove ecosystem in Tamuku Village, Bone-Bone-Bone District, North Luwu Regency. This research is a qualitative research using survey methods. The data collection technique uses the Quadrant Line Transect Survey technique. The data analysis technique uses the thinking flow which is divided into three stages, namely describing phenomena, classifying them, and seeing how the concepts that emerge are related to each other. The results of this study are the profile of mangrove vegetation in Tamuku Village, which is still found 16 varieties of true mangrove vegetation and 7 varieties of mangrove vegetation joined in the coastal area of Tamuku Village, Bone-Bone District, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The condition of mangrove vegetation in Tamuku Village is currently very worrying due to human activities that cause damage such as the project of normalization of flow, opening of new farms, disposal of garbage, water pollution due to chemicals, and exploitation of mangrove forests for living needs. The impact is ecosystem damage and reduced vegetation area as a place to grow and develop mangroves.

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