scholarly journals Biodiversity and ecosystem services in urban areas for smart adaptation to climate change: “Do you Kyoto”?

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change

scholarly journals Households’ Adaptation to Climate Change Hazards in Semi-Arid Region of Mopani, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Yusuf Jimoh ◽  
Peter Bikam ◽  
Hector Chikoore ◽  
James Chakwizira ◽  
Emaculate Ingwani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

New climate change realities are no longer a doubtful phenomenon, but realities to adapt and live with. Its cogent impacts and implications’ dispositions pervade all sectors and geographic scales, making no sector or geographic area immune, nor any human endeavor spared from the associated adversities. The consequences of this emerging climate order are already manifesting, with narratives written beyond the alterations in temperature and precipitation, particularly in urban areas of semi-arid region of South Africa. The need to better understand and respond to the new climate change realities is particularly acute in this region. Thus, this chapter highlights the concept of adaptation as a fundamental component of managing climate change vulnerability, through identifying and providing insight in respect of some available climate change adaptation models and how these models fit within the premises and programmes of sustainable adaptation in semi-arid region with gaps identification. The efforts of governments within the global context are examined with households’ individual adaptation strategies to climate change hazards in Mopani District. The factors hindering the success of sustainable urban climate change adaptation strategic framework and urban households’ adaptive systems are also subjects of debate and constitute the concluding remarks to the chapter.

scholarly journals North central Victoria – climate change and land-use: potentials for third century in a timeless land

2010 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mansergh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Use And Management

For the 21st century, scenarios of future climate under global warming suggest that Bassian-Eyrean bioclimatic region of northern Victoria, centred on the North Central Catchment Management Authority (NCCMA), will become markedly warmer and drier. Significant climate change is a real possibility midcentury and some basic bio-physical attributes underpinning the current ecology, land-use and management will be altered. Societal adaptation to climate change will include enhancing landscape resilience and changes to the mix of inter-related ecosystem services. The increasing understanding of these inter-relationships will allow for the creation of a more holistic quantification and production of landscape services. In combination, these challenge the past land-use paradigm on the driest, inhabited continent. Following the mid-19th century gold rushes, land-use in the NCCMA represented the epitome of the colonial land-use paradigm through clearing for agriculture and pastoralism. Victoria has long had the highest percentage private land of any Australian state. The NCCMA catchment is the most denuded of native vegetation, with the smallest percentage of public land and conservation reserves, and is now the centre of a continental concentration of bioregions under high environmental stress. The original primacy of agriculture was fulfilled, sometimes under adverse circumstances, but resultant landscape legacies persist within the relative economic decline of Australian agriculture. The amelioration of these within a future land stewardship that is water-stressed, carbon constrained and prone to extreme weather events is a major challenge. Exploring landscape adaptation, the simple questions arise: From what? To what? This contribution examines broad land-use in the NCCMA in the long term context of climate change and adaptation, land-use and the perceived valuation of ecosystem services from the landscape. The increasing realisation of the interconnectedness of these phenomena and the necessity for ecologically sustainable agriculture provide enhanced drivers for the evolution of new landscape meanings in the context of an inter-generational equity and climate change response.

scholarly journals Filipino Farmers’ Awareness and Adaptation to Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p8
Author(s):  
Genalyn Panganiban Lualhati ◽  
Shiela R. Lumbaga ◽  
Nazarene Carlo M. Pagaspas ◽  
Ma. Fatima N. Quimio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Government

In the Philippines, agriculture plays a vital role because this sector can contribute a lot in the development of the economy. The value of documenting the agriculture growth annually and the problems encountered is being done by the government particularly, the Department of Agriculture (DA) to come up with interventions or programs to support the Filipino farmers, both in rural and urban areas. Hence, this study focused on determining the farmers’ awareness on climate change and their adaptation strategies in one municipality in Batangas Province. By employing mixed method through self-made questionnaire and focus group discussion, this study revealed that respondents are highly aware on climate change and the best strategy to use in adapting to climate change was conservation agriculture. The study offered recommendations that different authorities can employ to strengthen the farmer’s awareness and adaptation on climate change.

scholarly journals Urban Adaptation to Climate Change: geographers and wicked problems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Wicked Problems ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Academic Practice ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Urban Adaptation

 This paper explores the importance of adaptation to climate change impacts in urban areas. The complexity of existing and likely impacts poses unique challenges to all aspects of society, from state to polity and economy. These in turn pose methodological challenges to academic practice, demanding the integration of macro and micro perspectives and pure and applied research. The paper argues that geographers can make significant contributions to this scholarship. 

scholarly journals Adaptation to climate change in urban areas: Climate-greening London, Rotterdam, and Toronto

Climate Law ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen-Lydeke P. Mees ◽  
Peter P. J. Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
Training Programmes

This article aims to gain insight into the governance capacity of cities to adapt to climate change through urban green planning, which we will refer to as climate-greening. The use of green space is considered a no-regrets adaptation strategy, since it not only absorbs rainfall and moderates temperature, but simultaneously can contribute to the sustainable development of urban areas. However, green space competes with other socio-economic interests that also require space. Urban planning can mediate among competing demands for land use, and, as such, is potentially useful for the governance of adaptation. Through an in-depth case study of three frontrunners in adaptation planning (London, Rotterdam, and Toronto), the governance capacity for climate-greening urban areas is analysed and compared. The framework we have developed utilizes five sub-capacities: legal, managerial, political, resource, and learning. The overall conclusion from the case studies is that the legal and political subcapacities are the strongest. The resource and learning sub-capacities are relatively weak, but offer considerable growth potential. The managerial sub-capacity is constrained by compartmentalization and institutional fragmentation, two key barriers to governance capacity. These are effectively blocking the mainstreaming of adaptation in urban planning. The biggest opportunities to enhance governance capacity lie in the integration of adaptation considerations into urban-planning processes, the establishment of links between adaptation and mitigation policies, investment in training programmes for staff and stakeholders in adaptation planning, and providing infrastructure for learning processes.

Climate Change Resilience in Viticulture: Knowledge transfer and ecosystem services of adaptation strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Reiss ◽  
Barbara Bernard ◽  
Eckhard Jedicke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change

<p>The Rheingau is one of the 13 designated German wine-growing regions and produces the highest proportion of Riesling in Germany. The effects of climate change on air temperature and precipitation can already be seen in phenological observations. The result is an earlier beginning of the budding, flowering and maturing dates. If the date of the beginning of the wine harvest for Riesling in the period 1961-1990 was on October 17 on average, the time in the period 1981-2010 shifted five days to the beginning of the month to October 12. In 2019, the harvest yield was significantly lower than the average of the past ten wine harvests. A consequence of increasing drought and heat in summer, more sunburn damage, but also increasingly late frosts and hailstorms. An evaluation of climatic variables for the near future (2050) relevant to viticulture performed for the individual phenological phases indicated critical changes. An increasing probability of the occurrence of tropical nights (minimum air temperature ≥ 20°C) which would potentially endanger the character of the Riesling and an increased probability of humid conditions during maturation, with the danger of higher pest load is to be expected. Higher, increasing evaporation rates will further reduce the availability of soil water in the growing and especially in the maturing phase. A systematic and regional-specific adaptation strategy for the Rheingau is still lacking. In addition, viticulture produces monoculture agro-ecosystem and causes specific environmentally problems, like soil erosion, loss of biodiversity and nitrate leaching relating to surface and groundwater eutrophication. The KliA-Net project launched in the middle of 2019 to address these problems together with the effects of climate change and to find sustainable, nature-based and landscape-integrative solutions. The aim of the project is to establish local and, above all, inter-communal cooperation and to develop it into joint action for adaptation to climate change. The resulting impulses lead to measures to reduce climate damage under the premise of climate protection, sustainable management and the best possible provision of ecosystem services. We will present the overall theoretical framework and the integrated approach to demonstrate that the concept of Terroir reflects the interactions between people and nature. Here, the concept of Vinecology was adapted, as the integration of ecological and viticultural principles and practices; it contextualizes sustainable land management within the specific agricultural sector and serves as an entry point to biodiversity conservation in an economically and biologically important biome integrated in its adjacent landscape. Concrete measures for climate adaptation in viticulture compiled in a catalogue, which is divided into 5 areas of action: viticulture, soil protection, water, biodiversity and landscape. These represent the different vinecological scales (landscape, vineyard, plant). This catalogue forms the basis for the transfer of knowledge between science, winegrowers, communal politics, administration and NGOs. Furthermore, we also contextualize related ecosystem services to indicate benefits resulting from a concrete measure. We hypothesize, that this is a way to harmonize objectives in nature conservation, soil and water protection and sustainable economic development.</p>

Decision strategies for handling the uncertainty of future extreme rainfall under the influence of climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Gregersen ◽  
K. Arnbjerg-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Robust Decisions

Several extraordinary rainfall events have occurred in Denmark within the last few years. For each event, problems in urban areas occurred as the capacity of the existing drainage systems were exceeded. Adaptation to climate change is necessary but also very challenging as urban drainage systems are characterized by long technical lifetimes and high, unrecoverable construction costs. One of the most important barriers for the initiation and implementation of the adaptation strategies is therefore the uncertainty when predicting the magnitude of the extreme rainfall in the future. This challenge is explored through the application and discussion of three different theoretical decision support strategies: the precautionary principle, the minimax strategy and Bayesian decision support. The reviewed decision support strategies all proved valuable for addressing the identified uncertainties, at best applied together as they all yield information that improved decision making and thus enabled more robust decisions.

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