Analytical study on the primary and secondary organic carbon and elemental carbon in the particulate matter at the high-altitude Monte Curcio GAW station, Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha Moretti ◽  
Antonella Tassone ◽  
Virginia Andreoli ◽  
Francesco Carbone ◽  
Nicola Pirrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Secondary Organic Carbon

scholarly journals Emission Factors for Biofuels and Coal Combustion in a Domestic Boiler of 18 kW

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Marianna Czaplicka ◽  
Ewelina Cieślik ◽  
Bogusław Komosiński ◽  
Tomasz Rachwał
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Total Particulate Matter

The differences in the pollutant emissions from the combustion of bituminous coal and biofuels (wood, straw, and miscanthus pellets) under real-world boiler operating conditions were investigated. The experiments were performed on an experimental installation that comprised an 18 kW boiler, used in domestic central heating systems, equipped with a retort furnace, an automatic fuel feeder, a combustion air fan, and a fuel storage bin. The emission factors of gaseous pollutants, particulate matter, organic carbon, elemental carbon, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as some PAH concentration ratios for coal and biofuel combustion, were determined. The obtained results indicate that fuel properties have a strong influence on the emission factors of gaseous and carbonaceous pollutants. The total particulate matter (PM) emissions from the biofuel combustion were about 5-fold lower than those from the coal burned in the same boiler. The emission factors of the total carbons from the biofuel combustion were between 10 and 20 times lower than those from the coal combustion. The mean organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) emission factors, based on the burned fuel, were 161–232 and 42–221 mg/kg for the biofuels and 1264 and 3410 g/kg for the coal, respectively. The obtained results indicate that molecular diagnostic ratios, based on the concentration of PAHs, vary significantly, depending on the fuel type.

scholarly journals Decreasing concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols in China from 2003 to 2013

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Judith C. Chow ◽  
John G. Watson ◽  
Jiamao Zhou ◽  
Suixin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Northern Cities ◽  
Secondary Organic Carbon ◽  
Emission Changes ◽  
Carbon Concentrations

AbstractCarbonaceous aerosols were characterized in 19 Chinese cities during winter and summer of 2013. Measurements of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) levels were compared with those from 14 corresponding cities sampled in 2003 to evaluate effects of emission changes over a decade. Average winter and summer OC and EC decreased by 32% and 17%, respectively, from 2003 to 2013, corresponding to nationwide emission control policies implemented since 2006. The extent of carbon reduction varied by season and by location. Larger reductions were found for secondary organic carbon (SOC, 49%) than primary organic carbon (POC, 25%). PM2.5 mass and total carbon concentrations were three to four times higher during winter than summer especially in the northern cities that use coal combustion for heating.

scholarly journals Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 10325-10338 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Mkoma ◽  
K. Kawamura ◽  
P. Q. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples of PM2.5 and PM10 were collected at a rural site in Tanzania, East Africa, in 2011 during wet and dry seasons and were analysed for carbonaceous components, levoglucosan, mannosan and water-soluble inorganic ions. The contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to the organic carbon (OC) and particulate matter (PM) mass were estimated to be 46–52% and 87–13%, respectively. The mean mass concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 28 ± 6 μg m−3 and 47 ± 8 μg m−3 in wet season, and 39 ± 10 μg m−3 and 61 ± 19 μg m−3 in dry season, respectively. Total carbon (TC) accounted for 16–19% of the PM2.5 mass and 13–15% of the PM10 mass. On average, 86 to 89% of TC in PM2.5 and 87 to 90% of TC in PM10 was OC, of which 67–72% and 63% was found to be water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. We found that concentrations of levoglucosan and mannosan (specific organic tracers of pyrolysis of cellulose) well correlated with non-sea-salt potassium (nss-K+) (r2 = 0.56–0.75), OC (r2 = 0.75–0.96) and WSOC (r2 = 0.52–0.78). The K+ / OC ratios varied from 0.06 to 0.36 in PM2.5 and from 0.03 to 0.36 in PM10 with slightly higher ratios in dry season. Mean percent ratios of levoglucosan and mannosan to OC were found to be 3–4% for PM2.5 and PM10 in both seasons. We found lower levoglucosan / K+ ratios and higher K+ / EC (elemental carbon) ratios in the biomass-burning aerosols from Tanzania than those reported from other regions. This feature is consistent with the high levels of potassium reported in the soils of Morogoro, Tanzania, suggesting an importance of direct emission of potassium by soil resuspension although K+ is present mostly in fine particles. It is also likely that biomass burning of vegetation of Tanzania emits high levels of potassium that may be enriched in plant tissues. The present study demonstrates that emissions from mixed biomass- and biofuel-burning activities largely influence the air quality in Tanzania.

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