Association of urinary arsenic and sleep disorder in the US population: NHANES 2015–2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humairat H Rahman ◽  
Danielle Niemann ◽  
Korede K Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Arsenic exposure and the seroprevalence of total hepatitis A antibodies in the US population: NHANES, 2003–2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (8) ◽  
pp. 1641-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CARDENAS ◽  
E. SMIT ◽  
J. W. BETHEL ◽  
E. A. HOUSEMAN ◽  
M. L. KILE
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us

SUMMARYWe evaluated the association between urinary arsenic and the seroprevalence of total hepatitis A antibodies (total anti-HAV: IgG and IgM) in 11 092 participants aged ⩾6 years using information collected in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2012). Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated associations between total anti-HAV and total urinary arsenic defined as the sum of arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonate and dimethylarsinate (TUA1). Effect modification by self-reported HAV immunization status was evaluated. Total anti-HAV seroprevalence was 35·1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 33·3–36·9]. Seropositive status was associated with higher arsenic levels and this association was modified by immunization status (P= 0·03). For participants that received ⩾2 vaccine doses or did not know if they had received any doses, a positive dose-response association was observed between increasing TUA1 and odds of total anti-HAV [odds ratio (OR) 1·42, 95% CI 1·11–1·81; and OR 1·75, 95% CI 1·22–2·52], respectively. A positive but not statistically significant association was observed in those who received <2 doses (OR 1·46, 95% CI 0·83–2·59) or no dose (OR 1·12, 95% CI 0·98–1·30). Our analysis indicates that prevalent arsenic exposure was associated with positive total anti-HAV seroprevalence. Further studies are needed to determine if arsenic increases the risk for incident hepatitis A infection or HAV seroconversion.

scholarly journals A clinical trial to evaluate the dayzz smartphone app on employee sleep, health, and productivity at a large US employer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Robbins ◽  
Matthew D Weaver ◽  
Stuart Quan ◽  
Jason P Sullivan ◽  
Mairav C Zion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
The Individual

Sleep deficiency is a hidden cost of our 24-7 society, with 70% of adults in the US admitting that they routinely obtain insufficient sleep. Further, it is estimated that 50-70 million adults in the US have a sleep disorder. Undiagnosed and untreated sleep disorders are associated with diminished health for the individual and increased costs for the employer. Research has shown that adverse impacts on employees and employers can be mitigated through sleep health education and sleep disorder screening and treatment programs. Smartphone applications (app) are increasingly commonplace and represent promising, scalable modalities for such programs. The dayzz app is a personalized sleep training program that incorporates assessment of sleep disorders and offers a personalized comprehensive sleep improvement solution. Using a sample of day workers affiliated with a large institution of higher education, we will conduct a single-site, parallel-group, randomized, waitlist control trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to either use the dayzz app throughout the study or receive the dayzz app at the end of the study. We will collect data on feasibility and acceptability of the dayzz app; employee sleep, including sleep behavioral changes, sleep duration, regularity, and quality; employee presenteeism, absenteeism, and performance; employee mood; adverse and safety outcomes; and healthcare utilization on a monthly basis throughout the study, as well as collect more granular daily data from the employee during pre-specified intervals. Our results will illuminate whether a personalized smartphone app is a viable approach for improving employee sleep, health, and productivity.

An overview of the report of the national commission on sleep disorders research

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (S3) ◽  
pp. 109s-113s ◽  
Author(s):  
T Roth
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Education Program ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Year 2000

SummaryThe National Comission on Sleep Disorder Research evaluated the status of insomnia and other sleep disorders in the US. The Commission found that insomnia is prevalent affecting 20–30 million Americans, has significant morbidity especially related to attention and memory processes and cost the US an estimated $ 15 billion a year. It also estimated that all of these figures should rise significantly by the year 2000. Other sleep disorders (eg, narcolepsy and sleep apnea) although less prevalent have significant costs to patients and society associated with them. The Commission recommended that the US develop a research and education program to develop new insights into the basic mechanisms of sleep disorder. The education program needs to be directed to the general public; medical practitioners, as well as patients.

Association of Urinary Arsenic and Sleep Disorder in the U.S. Population: NHANES 2015-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humairat H Rahman ◽  
Danielle Niemann ◽  
Korede K Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Arsenic is a known carcinogen and neurotoxin and is found in the natural earth crust. Arsenic exposure can develop depression, memory dysfunction, and neurodegenerative disorder. The mechanism of arsenic toxicity on the nervous system is not known. There is a lack of research on the association between arsenic exposure and sleep disturbance in humans. This study aims to investigate the relationship between six types of urinary speciated arsenic exposure and sleep disturbance in adults from the general population using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016 dataset. Sleep disturbance was measured using self-reported questionnaires, asking participants if they had ever told a doctor they had trouble sleeping. We utilized multivariate logistic regression analysis using complex survey procedures to examine the association between six types of urinary arsenic concentration and trouble sleeping. The total sample included 1,611 adults who were 20 years and older. Of the study participants, 30.0% had trouble sleeping. Urinary arsenous acid was associated with an increased odds of had trouble sleeping [odds ratio: 1.47 (95% confidence interval 1.02–2.11). The other five types of urinary speciated arsenic (arsenic acid, arsenobetaine, arsenocholine, dimethylarsinic acid, monomethylacrsonic acid) were not associated with a sleep disorder.

scholarly journals A clinical trial to evaluate the dayzz smartphone app on employee sleep, health, and productivity at a large US employer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0260828
Author(s):  
Rebecca Robbins ◽  
Matthew D. Weaver ◽  
Stuart F. Quan ◽  
Jason P. Sullivan ◽  
Mairav Cohen-Zion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
The Individual

Sleep deficiency is a hidden cost of our 24–7 society, with 70% of adults in the US admitting that they routinely obtain insufficient sleep. Further, it is estimated that 50–70 million adults in the US have a sleep disorder. Undiagnosed and untreated sleep disorders are associated with diminished health for the individual and increased costs for the employer. Research has shown that adverse impacts on employees and employers can be mitigated through sleep health education and sleep disorder screening and treatment programs. Smartphone applications (app) are increasingly commonplace and represent promising, scalable modalities for such programs. The dayzz app is a personalized sleep training program that incorporates assessment of sleep disorders and offers a personalized comprehensive sleep improvement solution. Using a sample of day workers affiliated with a large institution of higher education, we will conduct a single-site, parallel-group, randomized, waitlist control trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to either use the dayzz app throughout the study or receive the dayzz app at the end of the study. We will collect data on feasibility and acceptability of the dayzz app; employee sleep, including sleep behavioral changes, sleep duration, regularity, and quality; employee presenteeism, absenteeism, and performance; employee mood; adverse and safety outcomes; and healthcare utilization on a monthly basis throughout the study, as well as collect more granular daily data from the employee during pre-specified intervals. Our results will illuminate whether a personalized smartphone app is a viable approach for improving employee sleep, health, and productivity. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04224285.

Serum folate levels and urinary arsenic methylation profiles in the US population: NHANES, 2003–2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Xu ◽  
Yan Zhong ◽  
Melinda C. Power ◽  
Brandie D. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Folate ◽  
Arsenic Methylation ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
The Us

The Eleventh Circuit Holds that Agreements in which Pharmaceutical Companies Pay Generic Companies Not to Compete May be Valid

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Amy Garrigues
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Patent Holder ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Antitrust Laws ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Appeals Court ◽  
Two Sides

On September 15, 2003, the US. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit held that agreements between pharmaceutical and generic companies not to compete are not per se unlawful if these agreements do not expand the existing exclusionary right of a patent. The Valley DrugCo.v.Geneva Pharmaceuticals decision emphasizes that the nature of a patent gives the patent holder exclusive rights, and if an agreement merely confirms that exclusivity, then it is not per se unlawful. With this holding, the appeals court reversed the decision of the trial court, which held that agreements under which competitors are paid to stay out of the market are per se violations of the antitrust laws. An examination of the Valley Drugtrial and appeals court decisions sheds light on the two sides of an emerging legal debate concerning the validity of pay-not-to-compete agreements, and more broadly, on the appropriate balance between the seemingly competing interests of patent and antitrust laws.

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