Occurrence of Cu and Cr in the sedimentary humic substances and pore water from a typical sugar cane cultivation area in São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glaucia Pantano ◽  
Mariele Barboni Campanha ◽  
Altair Benedito Moreira ◽  
Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin O. Willis

Moderately dense woodland (cerradão) grew in two isolated patches of bushy savanna (cerrado) in central São Paulo over 23 years of bird censuses. Various uncommon birds were lost and some forest species were permanently gained. Fall and winter fruits attract long and short-distance migrants. Woodpeckers and some birds that nest in their holes seem to disappear during tree growth. Some birds in weedy areas nearby disappeared when the pastures replaced these areas, however sugar cane reduced the numbers of birds even more up to the point when some areas became pastures once more. Even travel-prone species disappear with vegetation growth in cerrado protected fragments, and therefore "metapopulations" may not survive over time, only in space.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Landulfo ◽  
Maria Paulete M. P. Jorge ◽  
Gerhard Held ◽  
Roberto Guardani ◽  
Juliana Steffens ◽  
...  

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. de A. Cunha ◽  
A. C. S. da Costa ◽  
B. Maset Filho ◽  
D. C. P. Casarini

With the intention of understanding the dynamics of some of the constituents of vinasse, and to evaluate the risks of groundwater pollution due to sugarcane irrigation with this wastewater, a study was carried out from October 1984 to June 1985 in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Vinasse was sprinkled at a rate of 800 m3/ha by a hydraulic big gun. This applied 804.76 kg/ha of potassium and 305.86 kg/ha of nitrogen. The leaching of K and NO3. was measured by the use of tensiometers and tension lysimeters installed at various depths. It was concluded that the methodology is acceptable as a procedure for field research. Potassium and nitrate did not leach as expected. After 6 months, only 0.34 kg/ha of potassium and 0.41 kg/ha of nitrate had leached to below 120 cm. The roles of soil and plants were very important in preventing groundwater pollution. The soil retained part of the applied potassium, and the sugar-cane plants absorbed a large part of the N and K applied to the soil.


2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 116926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda F. Giubbina ◽  
Caroline Scaramboni ◽  
Bruno S. De Martinis ◽  
Daniely Godoy-Silva ◽  
Igrayne N.P.D. Mello ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-260
Author(s):  
Jang Yu-Woon ◽  
Sang-Sub Ha ◽  
Gang-Woong Lee ◽  
Kyung-Won Chung

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Kern Junqueira ◽  
Edmilson Ricardo Gonçalves ◽  
Lucas Manuel Cabral Teixeira

Termites are key components of soil fauna, playing an essential role in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. However, they can cause significant economic losses in commercial plantations, such as sugar cane. Therefore, the correct identification of termite species is critical for pest control. Here, we evaluated the species richness, abundance and functional groups of termites in sugarcane plantations in 53 cities throughout the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We also analyzed the influence of macroclimatic variables on termite species distribution and functional groups. We found 22 taxa of two families, of which the most frequent species were Termitidae (96.51%). Within this family, Apicotermitinae had the highest frequency of occurrence (37.12%), followed by Termitinae (30.57%), Syntermitinae (27.95%), and Nasutitermitinae (0.8 %). The other family, Rhinotermitidae, had the lowest frequency (3.5%), being represented only by Heterotermes sulcatus Mathews. We classified Neocapritermes opacus Hagen (29.26%), Apicotermitinae sp.2 (24.89%), Cornitermes cumulans Kollar (13.10%), and Apicotermitinae sp.1 (6.99%) as common taxa. The remaining 18 species were classified as rare. The most common functional group was humus-feeders (37%), followed by wood-feeders (34%), grass-litter feeders (25%), and intermediate feeders (4%). Climate influenced the distribution of common species, humus-feeders and grass-litter feeders. Regarding the pest status of termites in sugar cane plantations, we suggest that the exasperated use of pesticide in the last decades has reduced the abundance of species considered pests (e.g. Heterotermes) and reinforce the importance of ecological approaches for determining the best pest control methods.Comunidades de Cupins em Cultivos de Cana-de-Açúcar no Estado de São Paulo: Uma Abordagem EcológicaResumo. Os cupins são importantes componentes da fauna de solo, atuando na decomposição da matéria orgânica e ciclagem de nutrientes. Porém, em cultivos de cana-de-açúcar, podem provocar perdas econômicas significativas. A correta identificação das espécies de cupins é um ponto crítico para o controle daquelas que adquiriram e/ou que podem atingir o status de praga. Este trabalho objetivou identificar a riqueza, a abundância e os grupos funcionais destes insetos em canaviais de 53 municípios do estado de São Paulo. Paralelamente, avaliou se as variáveis macroclimáticas influenciam a distribuição das comunidades de cupins e dos grupos funcionais. A riqueza obtida foi de 22 táxons. Da família Termitidae (96,51%), a maior frequência de ocorrência foi da subfamília Apicotermitinae (37,12%), seguindo-se Termitinae (30,57%), Syntermitinae (27,95%) e Nasutitermitinae (0,8%). A família Rhinotermitidae (3,5%) esteve representada apenas por Heterotermes sulcatus Mathews. Quatro táxons foram considerados comuns em canaviais, Neocapritermes opacus Hagen (29,26%), Apicotermitinae sp.2 (24,89%), Cornitermes cumulans Kollar (13,10%) e Apicotermitinae sp.1 (6,99%) e os 18 restantes foram classificados como raros. O grupo funcional mais frequente foi o dos humívoros (37%), seguido por xilófagos (34%), comedores de serrapilheira (25%) e intermediários (4%). O clima influenciou a distribuição das espécies comuns, bem como dos grupos funcionais dos humívoros e dos comedores de serrapilheira. Sugere-se que o uso intensivo de pesticidas nas últimas décadas reduziu a abundância de espécies até então consideradas praga em cana-de-açúcar (ex. Heterotermes), o que reforça a importância dos estudos ecológicos para a definição de métodos de controle mais adequados.


2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Maria Alves Chaud ◽  
Edeli Simioni Abreu ◽  
Maria Beatriz Riverón Acosta ◽  
Isabela Rosier Olimpio Pereira ◽  
Ananda Joanni Maffei ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 506-507 ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Maria Tadini ◽  
Glaucia Pantano ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Toffoli ◽  
Barbara Fontaine ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luceli de Souza ◽  
Maria J. de O. Campos

The composition and diversity of bees in an agricultural area in Rio Claro, state of São Paulo, Brazil, were studied from May 2003 to June 2004, using Moericke traps. The collection site, an area with 58.08 hectares, is characterized by grain production and direct planting, with 70% of the surrounding area planted with sugar cane. During the study, 456 bees were collected, distributed among 20 genera, pertaining to the families Andrenidae (4.8%), Apidae (40.8%) and Halictidae (54.4%). Specimens of genera Dialictus (38%) and Diadasia (30%) predominated in this area. The species diversity, assessed using the Shannon and Simpson indices, were H’=1.88 and 1/ D= 4.15, respectively, and the Evenness index was 0.61.


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