scholarly journals Spatial differences and driving forces of land urbanization in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqin Lin ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Shaojian Wang ◽  
Dai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Land Urbanization

scholarly journals The characteristics of spatial expansion and driving forces of land urbanization in counties in central China: A case study of Feixi county in Hefei city

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252331
Author(s):  
Huafu Jiao ◽  
Xiangxiang Zhang ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Xianzhong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Central City ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatial Process ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
City Region ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Land Urbanization

Urbanization in Central and Western China has attracted increasing attention in the advent of new-type urbanization in China and the age of ‘Global Urbanism’. Although land urbanization is at the epicenter of Chinese urbanization, its process and driving forces in counties beyond the Eastern coastal areas are less known. This paper therefore seeks to investigate the spatial expansion and driving forces of land urbanization in Feixi county, a relatively advanced county neighboring Hefei city proper in Anhui province in Central China. Based on the land-use change survey data, remote sensing interpretation data, and statistical yearbook data of Feixi county from 2002 to 2016, it is revealed that the overall scale of urban land in Feixi county increased remarkably, though with obvious temporal and geographical variants. The year 2009 appears to be the cutting line between quantity-based land urbanization and quality-based land urbanization. Land urbanization rate is sensitive to both geographical distance and traffic accessibility to Hefei city proper. Driving forces of land urbanization in Feixi county are summarized as: (1) central city expansion, (2) government-led industrial park construction, and (3) large industrial projects along traffic corridors. A better understanding of urbanization in Feixi county cannot be fulfilled without taking into account the wider spatial process in Hefei city and the Yangtze River Delta city-region.

scholarly journals The Driving Forces Underlying Spatiotemporal Lake Extent Changes in the Inner Tibetan Plateau During the Holocene

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Liu ◽  
David Madsen ◽  
Xiaojian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Spatial Differences

The Inner Tibetan Plateau (ITP), the central and western part of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), covers about one-fourth of the entire TP and contains more than 800 endorheic lakes larger than 1 km2. These lakes are important water reservoirs and sensitive to TP climate changes. They regulate regional water circulations, and further influence local ecosystems. Many lakes in ITP are surrounded by conspicuous paleoshorelines indicating much higher past lake levels. Previous studies found that lakes in the western ITP (west of ∼86°E) apparently expanded to higher levels than those to the east during the Holocene high lake level stage, however, there is no in-depth study on the reasons for the spatial differences of high lake levels within the ITP. In this study, we first identify Holocene lake level (or lake extent) changes over the ITP by combining published lake level variation data with our reconstruction of Dagze Co lake level variations. We then investigate spatial differences in the magnitude of lake expansions and explore the underlying forces driving these differences using the transient climate evolution of the last 21 ka (TraCE-21ka) and Kiel Climate Model (KCM) simulation results. We find that lakes in the ITP expanded to their highest levels during the early Holocene when the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) greatly intensified. After the mid-Holocene, lake levels fell as a result of the weakening of the ISM. The early Holocene northward shift of the westerly jet and a positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) resulted in the intensification of southwesterly winds on the southwest TP flank. Concurrently, westerly winds over the TP weakened, causing a differential increase in water vapor transport to the ITP with higher precipitation levels in the southwestern ITP and lower levels to the northeast. These wind-driven differential precipitation levels caused lakes in the southwestern ITP to expand to higher levels than those in the central, northern and northeastern ITP. During the early Holocene, expansion of lakes in the northwestern ITP was enhanced by an increase in glacier melt water besides the increased summer rainfall associated with the intensified ISM.

scholarly journals Co-Evolution of Emerging Multi-Cities: Rates, Patterns and Driving Policies Revealed by Continuous Change Detection and Classification of Landsat Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2905
Author(s):  
Maochou Liu ◽  
Shuguang Liu ◽  
Ying Ning ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Rubén Valbuena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
The Cost

The co-evolution of multi-cities has emerged as the primary form of urbanization in China in recent years. However, the processes, patterns, and coordination are not well characterized and understood, which hinders the understanding of the driving forces, consequences, and management of polycentric urban development. We used the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to integrate all available Landsat 5, 7, and 8 images and map annual land use and land cover (LULC) from 2001 to 2017 in the Chang–Zhu–Tan urban agglomeration (CZTUA), a typical urban agglomeration in China. Results showed that the impervious surface in the study area expanded by 371 km2 with an annual growth rate of 2.25%, primarily at the cost of cropland (169 km2) and forest (206 km2) during the study period. Urban growth has evolved from infilling being the dominant type in the earlier period to mainly edge-expansion and leapfrogging in the core cities, and from no dominant type to mainly leapfrogging in the satellite cities. The unfolding of the “cool center and hot edge” urban growth pattern in CZTUA, characterized by higher expansion rates in the peripheral than in the core cities, may signify a new form of the co-evolution of multi-cities in the process of urbanization. Detailed urban management and planning policies in CZTUA were analyzed. The co-evolution of multi-cities principles need to be studied in more extensive regions, which could help policymakers to promote sustainable and livable development in the future.

scholarly journals Land Financialization, Uncoordinated Development of Population Urbanization and Land Urbanization, and Economic Growth: Evidence from China

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyang Ji ◽  
Xiaoxin Guo ◽  
Shihu Zhong ◽  
Lina Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Credit Guarantees ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Population Urbanization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Urbanization

In recent years, it has become common practice for Chinese local governments to inject land assets into financing platform companies and use them as mortgage or credit guarantees to obtain bank loans and issue urban investment bonds, which is known as “land financialization”. This study investigates the impact and mechanism of land financialization on the uncoordinated development of population urbanization and land urbanization in China. Theoretical analysis and empirical analysis results based on the data of prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2015 demonstrate that land financialization by local governments is a significant cause of the uncoordinated development of population urbanization and land urbanization, and the pressure of urban economic development will strengthen this negative impact. Extended analysis further reveals that in areas where population urbanization and land urbanization are uncoordinated, land financialization, while promoting urban spatial expansion, will lower land use efficiency and have an inverted U-shaped influence on economic growth due to a weak agglomeration effect. The above conclusion shows that urbanization driven by debt-based investment is unsustainable. Efforts should be made to establish a financialization system that propels sound urbanization and to build a stable input linkage between land financialization and the supply of urban public service.

scholarly journals Determinizing the contributions of human activities and climate change on greening in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cao ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Lin Huang ◽  
Mei Pan ◽  
Taoli Huhe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nonlinear Responses ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Region Scale

AbstractChina accounts for 25% of the global greening. There are temporal and spatial differences of China’s greening and intrinsic driving forces. Thus, it is crucial to determinize the contributions of human activities and climate change on greening at region scale. The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region (BTHR) is one of the most active areas with human activities in China. It is necessary to explore negative or positive impacts of human activities on the regional greening or browning under climate change. A time series of annual vegetation coverage from satellite data was selected to quantify regional greening in the BTHR from 2000 to 2019 and their responses to climate change and human activities. Results showed generally widespread greening over the last 20 years at an average increased rate of 0.036 decade−1 in vegetation coverage (P < 0.01). Overall warmer and wetter climate across the BTHR were positively correlated with regional greening. The positive effects of human activities on greening accounted for 48.4% of the BTHR, especially the benefits of ecological restoration projects and the agricultural activities. Increases in vegetation coverage had resulted from the combined effects of climate change and human activities. Climate change had a stronger influence on vegetation coverage than human activities. Contributions of climate change to greening and browning was about 74.1% and < 20%, respectively. The decrease in vegetation coverage was mainly the results of the inhibition of human activities. More detailed socioeconomic and anthropogenic datasets are required for further analysis. Further research consideration would focus on the nonlinear responses of vegetation to climate change.

Urbanisation and the geographic concentration of industrial SO2 emissions in China

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 3579-3596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai He ◽  
Xiuzhen Shi ◽  
Xinhao Wang ◽  
Yuwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Geographic Concentration ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Abatement Policies ◽  
China’S Economy

This paper studies the mechanisms linking urbanisation and industrial SO2 emissions using panel data that enable us to trace the environmental impact of the urban transformation of China’s economy from a rural to a largely urban society. We provide evidence of stylised facts on spatial patterns and temporal changes of industrial SO2 emissions in China. Over time, industrial SO2 emissions show increasing levels in small and medium-sized cities but slightly decreasing levels in some large cities. The results show that urbanisation is one of the main driving forces behind emissions and the increase in the urbanisation level is likely to exacerbate emissions. Emissions are more sensitive to industrialisation than urbanisation, indicating that industrialisation remains a key industrial SO2 pollution contributor in China. Industrial emissions abatement policies in China should be designed by considering the spatial differences of emissions and the pace of urbanisation, although the increase of urbanisation is associated with benefits such as poverty reduction and economic growth. The reduction of industrial SO2 emissions requires coordinated approaches by adjusting the pace of urbanisation.

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