Neighborhood Poverty and Physical Health at Midlife: The Role of Life-Course Exposure

Laurie Cohen and Joanne Duberley describe their use of an unconventional data source—a radio programme—to study celebrity careers. This source also includes music, which evokes memories, and elicits emotions not readily captured in conventional interviews. They used the archives of the BBC Radio 4 programme Desert Island Discs to study the careers of well-known research scientists. The programme’s format has been consistent over its 70-year history; ‘castaways’ from all walks of life are interviewed about their careers and are asked to select eight pieces of music, which reveal many other aspects of their lives. This research focused on the relationships between work and life course, the notion of career as performance, and the role of emotion in the narration of career. Desert Island Discs is part of an extensive archive. As time and funding for research are tight, rapid no-cost access to such data is valuable.

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Family Influences on Youth Offending

The Oxford Handbook of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190201371.013.18 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 377-403

Author(s):

Abigail A. Fagan ◽

Kristen M. Benedini

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Family Environment ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

The United States ◽

Parental Violence ◽

Youth Delinquency ◽

The Impact ◽

Children’S Exposure

This chapter reviews the degree to which empirical evidence demonstrates that families influence youth delinquency. Because they are most likely to be emphasized in life-course theories, this chapter focuses on parenting practices such as parental warmth and involvement, supervision and discipline of children, and child maltreatment. It also summarizes literature examining the role of children's exposure to parental violence, family criminality, and young (teenage) parents in affecting delinquency. Because life-course theories are ideally tested using longitudinal data, which allow examination of, in this case, the impact of parenting practices on children's subsequent behaviors, this chapter focuses on evidence generated from prospective studies conducted in the United States and other countries. It also discusses findings from experimental studies designed to reduce youth substance use and delinquency by improving the family environment.

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Early Adverse Childhood Experiences and Self-Control Development among Youth in Fragile Families

Youth & Society ◽

10.1177/0044118x21996378 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0044118X2199637

Author(s):

Melissa S. Jones ◽

Hayley Pierce ◽

Constance L. Chapple

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Self Control ◽

Fragile Families ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Using Data

Though considerable research links both a lack of self-control and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to a variety of negative health and behavioral outcomes, few studies to date have explored whether ACEs are associated with deficits in self-control. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCW; n = 3,444) and a life course theoretical framework, this study aims to address this gap in the literature by examining the relationships between individual ACEs, cumulative ACEs, timing of ACEs, and durations of early ACEs and self-control development among youth. Our results indicate that as the number of ACEs (by age 5) experienced incrementally increases, the likelihood of reported self-control decreases. Moreover, when it comes to the timing and duration of ACE exposure, ACEs that are high but late, intermittent, or chronically high significantly decrease self-control. Based on our findings, researchers should continue to explore the role of ACEs in youth self-control development.

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Relationship status and mental and physical health among Polish and American young adults: The role of relationship satisfaction and satisfaction with relationship status

Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being ◽

10.1111/aphw.12248 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Adamczyk ◽

Ashley B. Barr ◽

Chris Segrin

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Physical Health ◽

Relationship Status ◽

Satisfaction With Relationship Status ◽

Mental And Physical Health ◽

American Young Adults

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Life Course Socioeconomic Position, Intergenerational Social Mobility, and Hypertension Incidence in ELSA-Brasil

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpab029 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

José Aparecido Soares Lopes ◽

Luana Giatti ◽

Rosane Harter Griep ◽

Antonio Alberto da Silva Lopes ◽

Sheila Maria Alvim Matos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Social Mobility ◽

Socioeconomic Position ◽

Linear Models ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Rate Ratios

Abstract Background Life course epidemiology is a powerful framework to unravel the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) disparities in hypertension (HTN). This study investigated whether life course SEP is associated with HTN incidence. Specifically, to test whether cumulative low SEP throughout life and unfavorable intergenerational social mobility increased HTN incidence. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of 8,754 ELSA-Brasil participants without HTN or cardiovascular in visit 1 (2008–2010). The response variable was the incidence of HTN between visits 1 and 2 (2012–2014). The explanatory variables were childhood, youth, and adulthood SEP, cumulative low SEP, and intergenerational social mobility. Associations were estimated by incidence rate ratios (IRRs) obtained by generalized linear models, with Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function, after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors. RESULTS The incidence of HTN was 43.2/1,000 person-years, being higher in males, elderly (70–74 years), self-declared black, and low SEP individuals. After considering sociodemographic factors, low SEP in childhood, youth, and adulthood remained statistically associated with increased HTN incidence. Individuals in the third (IRR: 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.44) and fourth top quartiles (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11–1.49) of cumulative low SEP, vs. first, as well as those with low stable intergenerational trajectory (IRR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16–1.43), vs. high stable, also had increased HTN incidence rates. Conclusions Socioeconomic disparities at all phases of the life cycle appear to raise HTN incidence rates, being the individuals with greater accumulation of exposure to low SEP and with more unfavorable intergenerational mobility at greatest risk, even in a short follow-up time.

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