scholarly journals Reduplication in Abui: A case of pattern extension

Morphology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Klamer ◽  
George Saad
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Morphological Operation ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Additional Function ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Indigenous Minority

Abstract This paper studies the effect of ongoing contact on the Abui reduplication system. Abui, a Papuan indigenous minority language of eastern Indonesia, has been in contact with the regional lingua franca, Alor Malay (Austronesian), for around 50–60 years. Throughout this period, contact with Alor Malay has affected different age groups in different ways across various levels of grammar. Here we compare Abui reduplication across four age groups: (pre)adolescents, young adults, adults, and elders, and show how the function and distribution of reduplication in the Abui spoken by younger speakers is affected by a combination of morphological PAT borrowing and lexical borrowing from Alor Malay. The changing patterns are first applied to the domain in which the two languages overlap: existing Abui verb reduplications become more Alor Malay-like with respect to their function, form, and productivity. The borrowing of an additional function of reduplication is analyzed as a type of complexification in Abui, while at the same time, Abui reduplication itself is demonstrated to also show simplification in terms of form. We argue that this change is induced by decades of stable bilingualism, and is further enhanced by the fact that reduplication is a universal morphological operation and can emerge spontaneously in language contact situations. Thus, the emerging trends reported here are explained by both borrowing from Alor Malay as well as incomplete acquisition of Abui.

‘Pignoris arrabonisve nomine’ in TPSulp. 51 (TPN 43) A case of diglossia?

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 311-328
Author(s):  
Barbara Abatino
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
Model Contract ◽  
Lexical Interference

Despite the fact that the term arrabo has not been attested by legal sources as nomen iuris or as a technical term, the syntagm ‘pignoris arrabonisve nomine’ occurs in a chirograph documented by TPSulp. 51, from the age of Tiberius. This article shows, first, that the loans model contract of the TPSulp. 51 contained the hendiadys ‘pignus arrabove’ to denote the pledge. Second, it concludes that the mention of arrabo is related to precautionary reasons and that it may be explained by the use of a colloquial term introduced in Latin language by way of Greek lexical borrowing. Finally, this implies some considerations on language contact, lexical interference and integration of loan-words in Latin.

scholarly journals Identifying Trends In Job Hopping In Private Institutions Of Higher Learning

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Saroja Dhanapal ◽  
Gobinathan Manickam ◽  
Deeparechigi Vashu ◽  
Sueraya binti Mohd Alwie ◽  
Evelyn Toh Bee Hwa
Keyword(s):  
International Education ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning

Since early 20th century, there is greater mobility among academicians in the private institutions of higher learning in Malaysia. The high turnover is the result of economical and social changes in the country. With globalization, Malaysia has now become a hub for international education. This has led to the growth in private institutions of higher learning. With the vast increase in such institutions, employees today have greater opportunities to job hop for various reasons. This research paper investigated the emerging trends in job hopping and the reasons behind it. The reasons were attributed to intrinsic and extrinsic motivating factors. The research further investigated whether there are differences in the trends between the various age groups; Baby Boomers (48 years and above), Generation X (33-47 years) and Generation Y (32 years and below). The researchers were motivated to do this research due to the increasing concern over the drastic mobility that is taking place in the private institutions of higher learning. The sample for this research comprised of 100 academicians working in private institutions of higher learning. Participants were given questionnaires to obtain responses on the intrinsic and extrinsic motivating factors leading to their decision to job hop. The selection of participants was based on a purposive sampling method as the researchers wanted to obtain responses from the three categories of generation. The findings proved the key hypothesis of the research which is; firstly, there is a trend in the job hopping exercise in the private institutions of higher learning and secondly, there are differences in the trends between the three categories of generations. The researchers went on to offer practical suggestions to the private institutions of higher learning and the Ministry of Human Resources in Malaysia to establish guidelines and policies to ensure that the job hopping practice is kept to the minimum.

When the Construction Is Axla, Everything Is Axla: A Case of Combined Lexical and Structural Borrowing from Arabic to Hebrew

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 337-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roey J. Gafter ◽  
Uri Horesh
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Specific Contact ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Contact Situation

This article examines a borrowing from Arabic into Hebrew, which is a combination of a lexical borrowing and a structural one. The Arabic superlativeaħla‘sweetest, most beautiful,’ pronounced by most Modern Hebrew speakers [axla], has shifted semantically to mean ‘great, awesome.’ Yet, as our corpus-based study illustrates, it was borrowed into Hebrew—for the most part—with a very particular syntactic structure that, in Arabic, denotes the superlative. In Arabic itself,aħlamay also denote a comparative adjective, though in different syntactic structures. We discuss the significance of this borrowing and the manner in which it is borrowed both to the specific contact situation between Arabic and Hebrew and to the theory of language contact in general.

scholarly journals Chinatown in Bangkok: The Multilingual Landscape

MANUSYA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Wu ◽  
Sethawut Techasan
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Other Hand

This paper examines the linguistic landscape (shop names) of Chinatown in Bangkok, a prosperous minority language (Chinese) community of diverse commercial establishments. Informed by an ethnographic framework, it explores the preservation of Chinese language and culture under the circumstance of language contact with Thai, the majority language, and globalization influence of English. Unsurprisingly, the inherited Chinese language (dialects as Teochew or Cantonese) was lost in the 2nd or 3rd generation of the Chinese descendants in Chinatown. However, the shop names suggest that in part because of its commodifying value and cultural awareness of the current proprietors, the Chinese shop owners are inclined to preserve the Chinese language and culture of the shops through the use of traditional Chinese characters, colors, layout and other marks of the shops. On the other hand, an analysis of the mutual translations of Chinese and Thai indicates that Chinese has more of a symbolic rather than informative function for Thai monolingual customers. Moreover, the ascendancy of English has contributed to the complexity of the multilingual landscape in Bangkok’s Chinatown.

scholarly journals Code-switching and dialogism: Verbal practices among Catalan Jews in the Middle Ages

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAN A. ARGENTER
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Everyday Talk

From a strict linguistic viewpoint, code-switching intertwines with a diverse range of language contact phenomena, from strict interference to several kinds of language mixture. Code-switching has also been addressed as an interactional phenomenon in everyday talk, an approach that implies a synchronic perspective. In this article, however, data are drawn from the records of communicative practices left behind by Catalan Jewish communities of the 14th and 15th centuries. These communities lived under well-defined cultural, political, and social conditions and displayed a rather complex linguistic repertoire of both linguistic resources and verbal genres. I analyze two of these verbal genres, which themselves must be viewed in the context of a broader Hispano-Arabic cultural tradition; they draw on a heteroglot background in which Semitic and Romance languages merged. In this analysis of the functions that code-switching played in these verbal practices, a contrast emerges between the use of code-switching and lexical borrowing (or alternation vs. insertional types of code-switching) in both verbal genres. This has implications for a much debated issue – the alleged existence of a medieval Catalan Jewish language – and challenges the idea that forms of linguistic practice must always be reduced to a bounded code.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic level and bilinguals’ performance on language and cognitive measures

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGINIA C. MUELLER GATHERCOLE ◽  
IVAN KENNEDY ◽  
ENLLI MÔN THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
At Home

The performance of bilingual children and adults in Wales on Welsh and English vocabulary and grammar and on cognitive measures is re-analysed in relation to SES indicators of parental education and parental professions. Results are reported for 732 participants ranging across seven age groups from age 3 to over 60 and from four home language types, monolingual English, and bilinguals with only English at home, Welsh and English at home, or only Welsh at home. Results reveal extensive evidence of SES influence on performance, and of a complex relation of exposure in the home and SES level on performance, modulated by the age of the participant and whether one is considering the majority or minority language.

The Analysis of the Changing Patterns of High Order Aberrations by Age Groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sung Kim ◽  
Jin Hyoung Kim ◽  
Do Hyung Lee ◽  
So Ra Kim ◽  
Mijung Park
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
High Order ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
High Order Aberrations

Dame un hamburger plain con ketchup y papitas

English Today ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Cortés ◽  
Jesús Ramírez ◽  
María Rivera ◽  
Marta Viada ◽  
Joan Fayer
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Puerto Rican Spanish ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

English/Spanish contact in Puerto Rico.ONE OUTCOME of language contact is lexical borrowing. Borrowing in Puerto Rico (for political, economic, and social reasons) is evident in the influence English has had on Spanish, especially in lexical terms. This paper explores the impact of American English on the lexicon of Puerto Rican Spanish, specifically on vocabulary relating to food. Data were collected through participant observation in selected fast food restaurants from different regions in P.R. An analysis of the corpus provides the basis for five categories useful in understanding the influence of English on Spanish in this domain. The study indicates that English borrowings have had a tremendous influence on the Puerto Rican lexicon, and predicts that, even though Spanish will continue to be the dominant Puerto Rican language, it will continue to change under the influence of English.

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