Two-step method to extract seismic microwave radiation anomaly: Case study of MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake

This study contributes to an in-depth examination of how Wenchuan earthquake disaster survivors utilize intensive built environment reconstruction outcomes (housing and infrastructural systems) to facilitate their long-term social and economic recovery and sustainable rural development. Post-disaster recovery administered via top-down disaster management systems usually consists of two phases: a short-term, government-led reconstruction (STGLR) of the built environment and a long-term, survivor-led recovery (LTSLR) of human and social settings. However, current studies have been inadequate in examining how rural disaster survivors have adapted to their new government-provided housing or how communities conducted their long-term recovery efforts. This qualitative case study invited sixty rural disaster survivors to examine their place-making activities utilizing government-delivered, urban-style residential communities to support their long-term recovery. This study discovered that rural residents’ recovery activities successfully perpetuated their original rural lives and rebuilt social connections and networks both individually and collectively. However, they were only able to manage their agriculture-based livelihood recovery temporarily. This research suggests that engaging rural inhabitants’ place-making expertise and providing opportunities to improve their housing and communities would advance the long-term grassroots recovery of lives and livelihoods, achieving sustainable development.

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A Method for Classifying Products Designed for the Developing World

Volume 2A: 42nd Design Automation Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2016-60522 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Paden M. Troxell ◽

Charles Kim

Keyword(s):

Developing World ◽

Design Principles ◽

Product Class ◽

Specific Design ◽

Step Method ◽

Specific Product ◽

Potential Value ◽

Design Characteristics ◽

Design Guidance

Researchers in the area of design for the developing world have synthesized knowledge from location-specific product case studies in the form of design guidance, which includes pitfalls, principles, and methods. Much of the design guidance relates to specific product classes and regions, while recent work is directed towards generalized principles. The aim of this paper is to fill gaps in product class-specific design guidance by creating larger groups of similar products, which share design characteristics. In this paper, we present a method for classifying products into such groups utilizing cluster analysis. We present a five-step method, which includes optional synthesis of design principles. The potential value of the method is demonstrated in a case study. The result included two distinct product groups, titled Products for Relief and Products for Development, and corresponding design principles for each group.

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Household vulnerability and economic status during disaster recovery and its determinants: a case study after the Wenchuan earthquake

Natural Hazards ◽

10.1007/s11069-016-2373-2 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhang Huafeng

Keyword(s):

Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

Disaster Recovery ◽

Economic Status ◽

The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

Household Vulnerability

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A Standardized Method for Estimating the Functional Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community by Biolog® EcoPlatesTM Assay—The Case Study of a Sustainable Olive Orchard

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9194035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (19) ◽

pp. 4035 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adriano Sofo ◽

Patrizia Ricciuti

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Soil Bacterial Community ◽

Step Method ◽

Olive Orchard ◽

Correct Definition ◽

Standardized Method ◽

Soil Bacterial ◽

Sustainable Conservation

Biolog® EcoPlates™ (Biolog Inc., Hayward, CA, USA) were developed to analyse the functional diversity of bacterial communities by means of measuring their ability to oxidize carbon substrates. This technique has been successfully adopted for studying bacterial soil communities from different soil environments, polluted soils and soils subjected to various agronomic treatments. Unfortunately, Biolog® EcoPlates™ assay, especially working on soil, can be difficult to reproduce and hard to standardize due to the lack of detailed procedures and protocols. The main problems of this technique mainly regard soil preparation, bacterial inoculum densities and a correct definition of blank during the calculation of the diversity indices. On the basis of our previous research on agricultural soils, we here propose a standardized and accurate step-by-step method for estimating the functional diversity of a soil bacterial community by Biolog® EcoPlatesTM assay. A case study of soils sampled in a Mediterranean olive orchard managed accordingly to sustainable/conservation practices was reported for justifying the standardized method here used. The results of this methodological paper could be important for correctly evaluating and comparing the microbiological fertility of soils managed by sustainable/conservation or conventional/non-conservation systems.

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