A Model to Simulate Titanium Behavior in the Iron Blast Furnace Hearth

The state of a blast furnace hearth, especially the liquid level of hot metal and slag during the tapping process, is of crucial importance with respect to a long campaign blast furnace. In practice, the state of the hearth is evaluated mainly by the experience of operators. In this paper, the electromotive force (EMF) is used to monitor the liquid level of a laboratory scale of blast furnace hearth and the effect of liquid level, EMF sensors position and the thickness of refractory on EMF signals are tested using a single layer of water and double layers of water and oil. After laboratory experiments, the electromotive force (EMF) is used to monitor the liquid level of torpedo ladle successfully. Laboratory experimental results show that the change in liquid level can be characterized by EMF signal. The state of liquid surface and local thermal state cause the EMF signal to vary in the circumferential direction of the vessel. Furthermore, the EMF signal magnitude decreases with the decrease of the thickness of the graphite crucible. Finally, the main conclusions of the laboratory experiment are supported by the torpedo ladle experiment.

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Dissection Investigation of Ti(C,N) Behavior in Blast Furnace Hearth during Vanadium Titano-magnetite Smelting

ISIJ International ◽

10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2016-419 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 48-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Kexin Jiao ◽

Jianliang Zhang ◽

Zhengjian Liu ◽

Shibo Kuang ◽

Yanxiang Liu

Keyword(s):

Blast Furnace ◽

Furnace Hearth ◽

Blast Furnace Hearth

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Properties and application of carbon composite brick for blast furnace hearth

Journal of Mining and Metallurgy Section B Metallurgy ◽

10.2298/jmmb141107018j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K.X. Jiao ◽

J.L. Zhang ◽

Z.J. Liu ◽

Y.G. Zhao ◽

X.M. Hou

Keyword(s):

Blast Furnace ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Protective Layer ◽

Silicon Powder ◽

Slag Layer ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Carbon Layer ◽

Furnace Hearth ◽

Blast Furnace Hearth

A type of carbon composite brick was produced via the microporous technique using natural flack graphite, ?-Al2O3 and high-quality bauxite chamotte (Al2O3?87 mass%) as raw materials with fine silicon powder as additive. The composition and microstructure of the obtained carbon composite were characterized using chemical analysis, XRD and SEM with EDS. The high temperature properties of thermal conductivity, oxidization and corrosion by molten slag and hot metal of the composite were analyzed. Based on these, the type of carbon composite brick worked in a blast furnace hearth for six years was further sampled at different positions. The protective layer was found and its chemical composition and microscopic morphology were investigated. It is found that the carbon composite brick combines the good properties of both the conventional carbon block and ceramic cup refractory. The protective layer near the hot face consists of two separated sublayers, i.e. the slag layer and the carbon layer. A certain amount of slag phase is contained in the carbon layer, which is caused by the reaction of coke ash with the refractory. No obvious change in the chemical composition of the protective layer along the depth of the sidewall is found. This work provides a useful guidance for the extension of the lifetime of blast furnace hearths.

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Thermal Stress of Blast Furnace Hearth Linings under Erosion State

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.1101 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16-19 ◽

pp. 1101-1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liang Yu Chen ◽

Yu Li ◽

Jian Hua Gui

Keyword(s):

Blast Furnace ◽

Thermal Stress ◽

Thermal Stresses ◽

Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽

Calculation Model ◽

Furnace Hearth ◽

Blast Furnace Hearth ◽

Cooling Intensity ◽

Thermal Stress Concentration ◽

Long Life

The structure of cooling stave was simplified with equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient, and the thermal stress axisymmetric calculation model of blast furnace hearth linings under erosion state was established. The thermal stresses of familiar erosion states were analyzed. The thermal stress concentration of erosion part is an importance cause of erosion development. ‘Elephant-foot’ erosion seldom develops to ‘boiler-bottom’ erosion. ‘Boiler-bottom’ erosion is a ideal long life erosion state. When the erosion stabilizes, smaller cooling intensity is favorable to linings stabilization.

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Wear mechanism for blast furnace hearth refractory lining

Ironmaking & Steelmaking ◽

10.1179/174328105x48160 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 459-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

S. N. Silva ◽

F. Vernilli ◽

S. M. Justus ◽

O. R. Marques ◽

A. Mazine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blast Furnace ◽

Wear Mechanism ◽

Refractory Lining ◽

Furnace Hearth ◽

Blast Furnace Hearth

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Experimental Model Study of Liquid–Liquid and Liquid–Gas Interfaces during Blast Furnace Hearth Drainage

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10040496 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weiqiang Liu ◽

Lei Shao ◽

Henrik Saxén

Keyword(s):

Blast Furnace ◽

Furnace Operation ◽

Slag Viscosity ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Furnace Hearth ◽

Breakthrough Time ◽

Initial Amount ◽

Blast Pressure ◽

Blast Furnace Hearth ◽

Model Study

The smooth drainage of produced iron and slag is a prerequisite for stable and efficient blast furnace operation. For this it is essential to understand the drainage behavior and the evolution of the liquid levels in the hearth. A two-dimensional Hele–Shaw model was used to study the liquid–liquid and liquid–gas interfaces experimentally and to clarify the effect of the initial amount of iron and slag, slag viscosity, and blast pressure on the drainage behavior. In accordance with the findings of other investigators, the gas breakthrough time increased and residual ratios for both liquids decreased with an increase of the initial levels of iron and slag, a decrease in blast pressure, and an increase in slag viscosity. The conditions under which the slag–iron interface in the end state was at the taphole and not below it were finally studied and reported.

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